• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.345-354
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• 2005

In this study, the mechanical properties and hand characteristics have been analyze4 according to fabric structural parameters such as the weft density and weave stricture of cotton fabric. KES-FB system was used to measure hand characteristics and mechanical properties of fabric. The weft density made an effect on bending and shear properties but not on tensile , compression, and surface properties. In case of wearing property, B/w, 2HG/G, 2HB/B, 2HB/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, $\sqrt{2HB/W}$, W/T, WC/W were affected tv the weft density. The crimp was highly correlated with the tightness, hand, wearing an4 mechanical properties, specially tensile linearity, bending, shear, and compression properties. The weft crimp influenced the bending, shear, compression resilience, surface roughness, hand, and wearing properties. The tightness has an effect on tile bending, shear, compression, surface friction, hand, and wearing properties.

• Clean Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 2006

In this study, polystyrene hollow microspheres were prepared via optimized purifying steps for the reuse of waste polystyrene. PS/PVA double layered hollow microspheres were prepared using the multiple emulsion ($W_1/O/W_2$) method with recycled polystyrene. The sonication treatment at the first stage of $W_1/O$ emulsion formation was very important factor of control of particle size and its distribution. When sonication was treated for 20 seconds, the average particle size and distribution were $1.35{\mu}m$ and $0.8{\mu}m{\sim}2.8{\mu}m$, respectively. The double layered hollow microspheres that have smaller and uniformed particle size distribution were manufactured when gelatin or Tween 80 was used as surfactants in the $W_2$ phase.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 1998

Sintering behavior of nanostructured(NS) W-Cu powders prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) was investigated as a function of sintering temperature. MA NS W-2owt%Cu and W-3owt%Cu composite powders with the crystal size of 20-30 nm were annealed at 90$0^{\circ}C$, and thermal characteristics of those powders were investigated by DSC. Sintering behavior of MA NS W-Cu composite powders was investigated during the solid-state sintering and the Cu-liquid phase sintering. The new nanosintering phenonenon of MA W-Cu powders at solid-state sintering temperature was suggested to explain the W-grain growth in the inside of MA powders. The sintering densification of MA NS W-Cu powders was enhanced at Cu melting temperature by arrangement of MA powders, i.e., the first rearrangement of MA powders was occurred, and then the rearrangement of W-grains in the sintered parts was also took place during liquid-phase sintering, i.e., the second rearrangement was happened. Due to the double rearrangement process of MA NS W-Cu powders, the high sintered density with more than 96%o was obtained and the fine and high homogeneous state of W and Cu phases was achieved by sintering at 1200 $^{\circ}C$.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.125-127
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• 2015

We present preliminary results from OH ground state phase referenced observations carried out with the Multi Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN) and e-MERLIN towards the massive star forming region W49A. There are three active SFRs within this complex: W49 North (W49 N), W49 South (W49 S) and W49 South West (W49 SW). The first epoch of observations was obtained in 2005 with MERLIN while the second epoch was obtained in 2013 with the e-MERLIN upgraded system. In this paper, we present 1665 and 1720 MHz maser emission towards W49 S and W49 SW. Overall, both epochs show good agreement with the previous observations of Argon et al. (2000) carried out with the Very Large Array (VLA). The better sensitivity and wider velocity coverage of the MERLIN/e-MERLIN observations allowed us to discover a new 1720 MHz OH maser site in W49 S.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.623-632
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• 1989

The positions and interaction energies of framework atoms and water molecules of $Mn^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A were calculated using some potential energy functions and an optimization program. The sum of interaction energies of framework atoms in dehydrated $Mn_{4,5}Na_3-A$ was approximately the same as those of thermally stable $Ca^{2+}$-or $Mg^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A. Since $Mn^{2+}$ ions can form good coordination bonds with framework oxygens even in dehydrated state, $Mn^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A is considered to be thermally stable. The optimized positions of framework atoms and ions in this work are agreed well with the crystallographic data. Three groups of water molecules are found in hydrated $Mn^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A; W(I) group of water molecules having only hydrogen bonds, W(II) group coordinated to $Na^+$ ion, and W(III) group coordinated to $Mn^{2+}$ ion. The average binding energy of each group of water molecules decrease in the order of W(III) > W(II) > W(I). The activation energies in the dehydration reaction of each group of water molecules increased in accordance with their binding energy.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 1992

Two strains J2W and J2Y which were isolated from soil can utilize polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as a sole carbon source. PVA was utilized symbiotically by the mixed culture of these two strains which could not utilize PVA in each respective pure culture. Effect of degree of PVA polymerization on the its utilization was examed, and there was remarkable difference among three kind of PVA(PVA 500, 1500 and 2000). The reconstruction of there two strains was carried out with other symbionts Pseudomonas sp. PW and Pseudomonas sp. G5Y which were able to utilize PVA. PVA utilization occured in each remixed culture of J2Y strain with Pseudomonas sp. PW J2W strain with Pseudomonas sp. G5Y, respectively. Identification of bacteria was based on morphological and biological chatacteristics, J2W and J2Y strain were similar to a strain of Pseudomonas pseudimallei and Xanthomonas campestris, respectively.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2003

This study is to improve the worst lightfastness of a natural dye. To modify the fiber surface, low temperature oxygen plasma was carried out on silk fabric. The result is followed below after the examination of surface shape, dyeability, color change, UV absorbent influence and lightfastness. 1. When electric discharge outputs are 60W, 80W and 100w, and processing times are 10minutes, 20minutes and 40minutes, the etching effect of surface increased as electric discharge outputs and processing times increased. 2. When examined UV absorbent for 5hours, 10hours, 20hours, 40hours and 80hours, the value changes of E are 1.47, 2.51, 2.91, 3.71, 4.51 and 5.31 in case of Al pre-mordanting/ prasma 80W, 20min./ UVabsorbent 5% (100:1), 2.31, 2.47, 3.84, 3.90, 3.61 and 4.42 in case of Al pre-mordanting/prasma 80W, 20min.1 UV absorbent 5% (o.w.f.). The lightfastness decreased when UV absorbent increased. 3. Dyeability of the samples pre-treated with five different methods was in the following order: plasma processing for 20minutes at 60W/Al pre-mordanting > Al pre-mordanting > plasma processing for 20minutes at 60W > Al after-mordanting. non mordanting Plasma treatment had superior effect on dyeability. 4. When UV absorbent was applied in fabric, the sample under higher electric discharge out puts showed more effective in improving lightfastness.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.321-331
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• 2022

Egg yolk is widely used to extract lecithin, which is utilized in the food and cosmetics industry. After lecithin is removed, the rest of egg yolk is generated as a by-product. Thus, it is necessary to properly utilize it. In this study, egg yolk protein extracts were produced using ethanol (EYE-E) and water (EYE-W). Their antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects were then evaluated. Antioxidant activities of EYE-E and EYE-W were determined using cellular antioxidant capacity (CAC) assay and comet assay. EYE-E and EYE-W showed significant (p<0.05) scavenging effects on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose dependent manner. At a concentration of 50 ㎍/mL, EYE-W showed higher (p<0.05) antioxidant activity than EYE-E. EYE-E and EYE-W also exhibited protective effects against DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. After treatment with EYE-E and EYE-W, DNA damage level of 48.7% due to oxidative stress was decreased to 36.2% and 31.8% levels, respectively. In addition, EYE-E and EYE-W showed immunomodulatory effects by regulating Th1 cytokines (TNF-α and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) in Balb/c mouse splenocytes. These data suggest that EYE-E and EYE-W could be used as functional food ingredients with excellent antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.655-661
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• 1993

The neutral monomeric compounds $[Mo(NO)_2Cl_2(phen)]$ and $[W(NO)_2Cl_2(phen)]$ (phen= 1,10-phenanthroline) have been prepared by reactions of polymeric compounds $[{Mo(NO)_2Cl_2}n],\;[{W(NO)_2Cl_2}n]$ with chelate ligands. Additions of one equivalent of silver(I) perchlorate to these cis-dinitrosyl compounds in acetone solution produce $[Mo(NO)_2(phen)(S)Cl][ClO_4]\;and\;[W(NO)_2(phen)(S)Cl][ClO_4]$ (S = acetone). The homo- and hetero-dinuclear complexes, $[Cl(phen)(NO)_2M(pyz)M'(NO)_2(phen)Cl][ClO_4]_2$ (M = Mo, W) and $[Cl(phen)(NO)_2M(pyz)M'(NO)_2(phen)Cl][C1O_4]_2$ (M = Mo, M' = W) have been prepared by these monocationic complexes with pyrazine ligand respectively. These complexes characterized by elemental analysis, $1^H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$, infrared, and UV-visible spectroscopy are reported. The spectral data indicate that homo- and hetero-dinuclear complexes were symmetrical structures of $C_{2v}$.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• no.11
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• pp.23-29
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• 1970

This experiment is to improve the wrinkle recovery (W.R.) of silk fabrics. The silk fabrics is creased very well, and the crease is the serious defection of it. This experiment is to improve the nature by use of formaldehyde on fabrics. The reagents used were HCl, CH$_3$COOH, CaC$_2$, HCHO, Na$_2$CO$_3$, NH$_4$OH, NaOH and NaHCO$_3$. The silk fabrics was treated, to compare 1 he influence of conditions, by varying the quantities of reagents and the temperature of solution, and the reaction time. The cotton fabrics and the viscose rayon were sunk with the silk at the same condition to be compared the influence. 1) Those of the most suitable temperature to improve for the better W.R. are 75$^{\circ}C$ for silk, 35-45$^{\circ}C$ for cotton, and no particular temperature under 75$^{\circ}C$ for viscose rayon. 2) The W.R. improvements after treated at the temperature of 1) were 11％ for silk and 33.4％ for cotton. 3) There are the best treating time for every fabrics. They were 60 to 90 min. for viscose rayon when HAC Ras used for solvent. It took, however, 60min. of the best time for silk, 120 min. for cotton, and 40 min. for viscose rayon when acetic anhydride instead of HAC was used. 4) It was possible to improve 16.6％ of W.R. for silk at the most suitable treating time, 25.0％ for cotton, and 13.3％ for viscose rayon. 5) Acetic anhydride was rather more effective to improve W.R. of both silk and viscose rayon than HAC. 6) Treating time was also shorter in case of using acetic anhydride than HAC. 7) The improvement of W.R. were 8.3％ for silk at the 10 to 14 ml. of HCHO the best volume, 21. 5％ for cotton at 18m!. of HCHO, and 70％ of for viscose rayon at 14 to 18ml. of HCHO. 8) The most effective quantity of HCI is 14 ml. for both silk and cotton. The W.R. improvement of silk was 22.2％, and that of cotton 19.5％. 9) The W.R. of 83.3％ the best for silk and 61. 6％ for cotton were gained when 4.2gr. of NaHCO$_3$ brings down the percent of W.R. for both silk and cotton. 10) The more NaOH and NH$_4$OH as neutralizing agents, the less effectivity of W.R. until the quantities of the reagents are reached to a special range which are 3. 3m!. for silk and 3.3-6.6 ml. for cotton, and then we can see the W.R. increasing as the quantities of reagents are increased. These facts were evident in case of silk and cotton. We can also see with this fact that the reminder of 〔OH$\^$-/〕 neutralizing 〔CH$\^$+/〕in solution makes it possible to treat formaldehyde on fabrics. 11) Low curing temperature was comparatively better for silk, and high temperature better for cotton. 12) The result of this experiment shows that the Improvement of W.R. for silk was possible to 94％ which means 22％ W.R. increase compared to the untreated silk. This effect also shows that the improvement to W '||'&'||' W (wash and wear) of silk will be possible.