• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2024

프로디지오신은 Serratia marcescens, Vibrio psychroerythrus, Hahella chejuensis 등이 생산하는 일반적인 pyrrolylpyrromethane 골격을 특징으로 하는 붉은색 색소이다. 프로디지오신은 항암, 면역억제, 항진균, 항말라리아, 살조 활성을 갖는 것으로 보고되어있다. 프로디지오신은 다양한 활성이 비해 생산율이 현저히 낮고, 생합성 조건이 까다롭다. 이로 인해 판매 가격이 높고, 활용성이 낮다. 본 연구는 Serratia의 배양 조건에 따른 생산 효율을 높이기 위한 다양한 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 16S rDNA 유전자 서열 분석 및 생리학적 특성을 기반으로 prodigiosin을 생성하는 박테리아 균주 PDGS¹²⁰⁹¹⁵를 부산의 경미하게 오염된 하천수에서 분리하여 Serratia sp.의 균주로 확인하였다. PDGS¹²⁰⁹¹⁵의 붉은색 색소를 산성에탄올을 이용하여 직접 추출하고 특성분석을 실시한 결과 프로디지오신 화합물로 확인되었다. 색소 생성은 25℃, pH 7 및 0% NaCl 농도 조건에서 14시간 동안 배양했을 때 최적을 생성을 보였다. 또한 우리는 fructose와 beef extract 같은 탄소 및 질소원을 처리하면 프로디지오신 생산이 각각 약 6배와 4배 증가한다는 것을 발견하였다. 미네랄에서는 KCl이 프로디지오신 생산 증대에 가장 효과적이었다. 카세인은 또한 프로디지오신 생산에 가장 적합한 공급원이었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.437-447
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• 2012

Natural and beneficial associations between plants and bacteria have demonstrated potential commercial application for several agricultural crops. The sunflower has acquired increasing importance in Brazilian agribusiness owing to its agronomic characteristics such as the tolerance to edaphoclimatic variations, resistance to pests and diseases, and adaptation to the implements commonly used for maize and soybean, as well as the versatility of the products and by-products obtained from its cultivation. A study of the cultivable bacteria associated with two sunflower cultivars, using classical microbiological methods, successfully obtained isolates from different plant tissues (roots, stems, florets, and rhizosphere). Out of 57 plant-growth-promoting isolates obtained, 45 were identified at the genus level and phylogenetically positioned based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing: 42 Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. pumilus, B. megaterium, and Bacillus sp.) and 3 Methylobacterium komagatae. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed a broad diversity among the Bacillus isolates, which clustered into 2 groups with 75% similarity and 13 subgroups with 85% similarity, suggesting that the genetic distance correlated with the source of isolation. The isolates were also analyzed for certain growth-promoting activities. Auxin synthesis was widely distributed among the isolates, with values ranging from 93.34 to 1653.37 ${\mu}M$ auxin per ${\mu}g$ of protein. The phosphate solubilization index ranged from 1.25 to 3.89, and siderophore index varied from 1.15 to 5.25. From a total of 57 isolates, 3 showed an ability to biologically fix atmospheric nitrogen, and 7 showed antagonism against the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results of biochemical characterization allowed identification of potential candidates for the development of biofertilizers targeted to the sunflower crop.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.383-386
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• 2012

비농경지의 식물 근권토양에서 식물체의 초기생육촉진 효과가 있는 방선균을 분리하였다. 분리된 미생물의 16S rDNA 염기서열을 분석한 결과 Streptomyces spp.로 동정되었다. Streptomyces griseus (MSS181), Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus (MSS269), Streptomyces microflavus (MSS275), Streptomyces herbaricolor (MSS276)의 배양액을 오이, 고추, 담배와 토마토의 생육초기단계에 관주 처리하여 식물체의 초장, 건조중량을 측정하였다. 방선균 처리에 의해 오이의 초장은 대조구에 비해 16-29% 증가하였으나 건조중량에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 같은 방선균을 고추에 처리하였을 때 고추의 초장은 대조구에 비해 10-19%, 건조중량은 19-25% 증가하였다. 담배의 건조중량은 44-73% 증가하였고 토마토의 건조중량도 65-165% 증가하였다. 공시균주의 식물병원균에 대한 항균활성을 검정한 결과, MSS275의 Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani와 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum에 대한 강한 항균활성을 확인하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.124-130
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• 1998

알칼리성 cellulase를 분비하는 세균을 토양으로 부터 분리하고 그 중 알칼리 환경하에서 생육이 양호하며 CMCase 생성능이 우수한 균주 AC-711를 선발하였다. AC-711 균주의 형태적, 배양적 및 생리학적 특성을 조사한 결과 호알칼리성 Pseudomonas속의 균주로 동정되었으나 염색체 DNA의 G+C함량이 54.43 mol%로서 Pseudomonas속보다 다소 낮은 값이었으며, 세포벽 지방산의 주성분은 15:0 anteiso 및 17:0 anteiso이었다. AC-711 균주의 생육은 $25{\sim}37^{\circ}C$, pH 9.5~10.5에서 좋았으며 효소생산을 위한 최적 조건은 $30^{\circ}C$, pH 10.3 이었다. 또한 효소생산을 위한 배지조성은 $KH_2PO_4$ 0.1%, $CoCl_2$ 0.02%, Tween 80 0.02%, $Na_2CO_3$ 0.5%에 탄소원으로서 CMC 1%, 질소원으로서 yeast extract 0.8%를 사용하였을 때가 가장 좋았다. CMCase의 생산은 3일 배양후 가장 높았으며, 생성된 효소는 filter paer와 avicel과 같은 결정성 섬유소보다는 수용성 섬유소인 CMC에 대한 분해 활성이 현저히 높아서 세제 첨가제로서의 이용 가능성이 주목되었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1991

신경교종에서 핵소체 조성부를 측정하기 위해 18예의 인체 신경교종을 대상으로 은교질염색을 시행하였다. 그 결과 정상뇌의 성상세포는 $1.17{\pm}0.07$의 핵소체 조성부수를 보였고 성상세포종의 핵소체 조성부수는 $1.53{\pm}0.25$, 악성 성상세포종은 $2.37{\pm}0.71$, 다형성 신경교아종은 $2.88{\pm}0.41$이었으며 각 군들간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그래서 은교질 염색법에 의한 핵소체 조성부의 측정은 환자에게 부담을 주지 않는 비교적 간단하고 빠른 방법으로 신경교종의 증식능을 판정하는데 어느정도 도움이 될 것으로 생각한다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2005

Recently a cDNA clone of apoLp-III from Hyphantria cunea was isolated and subjected to computational analysis to compare with other available sequences. Multiple sequence alignments were carried out using the amino acid sequences of apoLp-III from six insects. It was found that the H. cunea apoLp-III has relatively high sequence identities to Spodoptera litura ($69.5\%$), Manduca sexta ($66.8\%$), Galleria mellonella ($65.1\%$), Bombyx mori N4 ($54.3\%$) but less identity to Locusta migratoria ($18.3\%$). The amino acid composition was compared with other insects using EXPASY tools; it shows that alanine (Ala), glutamine (Gln), leucine (Leu) and lysine (Lys) are the major amino acid components of apoLp-III in H. cunea as well as other lepidopterans. Homology modeling performed using PSI-BLAST (PDB template M. sexta) reveals that the apoLp-III molecules consist of five, long amphipathic alpha helical bundles with short loops connecting the helices and shows homology with other insects. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the orthopteran apoLp-III represented by locust was most distantly related to the lepidopteran insects.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2004

The genetic diversity and species-diagnostic markers in the introduced apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata and in the native Thai apple snails; Pila ampullacea, P. angelica, P. pesmei, and P. polita, were investigated by restriction analysis of COI and are reported for the first time. Twenty-one composite haplotypes showing non-overlapping distributions among species were found. Genetic heterogeneity analysis indicated significant differences between species (P < 0.0001) and within P. pesmei (P < 0.0001) and P. angelica (P < 0.0004). No such heterogeneity was observed in Pomacea canaliculata (P > 0.0036 as modified by the Bonferroni procedure), P. ampullacea (P = 0.0824-1.000) and P. polita (P = 1.0000). A neighbor-joining tree based on genetic distance between pairs of composite haplotypes differentiated all species and indicated that P. angelica and P. pesmei are closely related phylogenetically. In addition, the 16S rDNA of these species was cloned and sequenced. A species-specific PCR for P. canaliculata was successfully developed with a sensitivity of detection of approximately 50 pg of the target DNA template. The amplification of genomic DNA (50 pg and 25 ng) isolated from the fertilized eggs, and juveniles (1, 7, and 15 d after hatching) of Pomacea canaliculata was also successful, and suggested that Pomacea canaliculata and Pila species can be discriminated from the early stages of development.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2005

An anti-fungal material produced by actinomycetes was isolated from domestic soil. This actinomycetes was identified as Streptomyces albogriseus by 16S rDNA sequence. YEME (yeast extract 4 g, malt extract 10 g, glucose 4 g, D.W 1l, pH 7.00.2) medium was used for production of anti-fungal materials. S. albogriseus was cultured in a shaking incubator for 2 weeks at 150 rpm and $25^{\circ}C$. An anti-fungal material produced by S. albogriseus was identified at 340 nm by uv/vis- spectrometer and it showed powerful anti-fungal activity. This is the first report that secondary metabolite produced by S. albogriseus showed an activity against phytopathogenic fungi such as Collectrichum coccodes, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Didymella bryoniae.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1135-1139
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• 2005

Psychrotrophic phenanthrene-degrading bacteria were identified in the sediment samples collected from Lake Baikal, Russia. Among 70 phenanthrene-degrading isolates, the seven that had the highest phenanthrene-degradation rates were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Isolate P25, identified as the Gram-positive rod-shaped organism Rhodococcus erythropolis, had the highest growth and degradation rate at $15^{\circ}C$. It could remove $26.0\%$ of 100 mg $1^{-1}$ phenanthrene in 20 days at $15^{\circ}C$, and degradation was less at $5^{\circ}C\;and\;25^{\circ}C$. The addition of surfactants to enhance degradation was tested. Brij 30 and Triton X-100 inhibited degradation at all surfactant concentrations tested, but Tween 80 stimulated phenanthrene degradation, especially at low concentrations. When $20{\times}$ CMC (critical micelle concentration) of Tween 80 was added, $38.0\%$ of 100 mg $1^{-1}$ phenanthrene was degraded in 12 days at $15^{\circ}C$. This psychrotrophic phenanthrene-degrading bacterium is a candidate for use in bioremediation of polycyclic hydrocarbon contamination in low temperature environments.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

A severe outbreak of gray mold on kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) was observed on kenaf grown in the research field of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju, Korea in 2014. Gray mold appeared on young plants as gray-brown velvety mold covering stems and leaves. Infections that girdled the stem caused wilting above the infected area and developed a canker. The casual fungus formed grayish brown colonies on potato dextrose agar. The conidia were one celled, mostly ellipsoid or ovoid in shape, colorless or pale brown in color, and 6-18 × 4-10 ㎛ in size. The conidiophores were 15-32 ㎛ in length. These measurements and taxonomic characteristics were most similar to those of Botrytis. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the complete internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene region confirmed that the fungal isolates were indeed Borytis cinerea. Koch's postulates were supported by pathogenicity tests conducted on healthy plants. On the basis of mycological characteristics and pathogenicity test on host plants, the fungus was identified as Botrytis cinerea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a gray mold caused by B. cinerea on kenaf in Korea.