• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.412-423
• /
• 2002

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercise using biofeedback and electrical stimulation after normal vaginal delivery. The data were collected from November 1999 to April 2000 at a university hospital located in Seoul, Korea. Out of 49 women with normal vaginal delivery, 25 of experimental group(with exercise) and 24 of control group(without exercise) were questioned about lower urinary symptoms, discomfort during sexual intercourse and daily life. The maximum pressure of pelvic floor muscle contraction(MPPFMC) and duration of pelvic floor muscle contraction(DPFMC) were measured at pre-treatment, the end of treatment and 8 weeks after a treatment program. The pelvic floor muscle exercise program(using biofeedback and electrical stimulation) was applied to the experimental group twice a week for 4 weeks at the incontinence clinic and the pelvic floor muscle exercise at home for that time and more 8 weeks. Data were analyzed by t-test, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test and the repeated measures ANOVA. The results were as follows; 1) MPPFMC(p=0.000) and DPFMC(p=0.021) were significantly increased in the experimental group. 2) In the lower urinary symptoms, daily frequency(p=0.001), nocturia(p=0.002), incontinence episode(p=0.016), stress incontinence(p=0.012), quantity of incontinence(p=0.026), straining(p=0.041), and strength of stream(p=0.009) were significantly decreased in the experimental group. 3) Discomfort during sexual intercourse had not a significant difference between the two groups, which was not significantly decreased as time passed. 4) In the discomfort during daily life, activity restriction(p=0.042), exercise restriction (p=0.008), interpersonal relationship restriction(p=0.046), and discomfort of general life(p=0.027) showed a significant difference between the two groups, which were not significantly decreased as time passed. In conclusion, it is suggested that the pelvic floor muscle exercise using biofeedback and electrical stimulation might be a safer and more effective program for the improvement of postpartum pelvic muscle contraction.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.148-153
• /
• 2007

Background : Computer- and web-based simulation methods help students develop problem solving and decision making skills. In addition, they provide reality based learning to the student clinical experience with immediate medical feedback as well as repetitive training, on-site reviews and case closure. Materials and Methods : Seventy-five third-year medical students participated in a two-week simulation program. The students selected four modules from eight modules as follows: airway and breathing 1, cardiac arrest 1, cardiac arrhythmia 1, and chest pain 1, and then selected the first case within each of the modules. After 2 weeks, a pass score was obtained and the data analyzed. The average pass score of over 70% was considered a passing grade for each module. If the student did not pass each module, there was no score (i.e., pass score was zero). In addition, when at least one of the four modules was zero, the student was not included in this study. Results : Seventy-five students participated in the simulation program. Nineteen students were excluded based on their performance. The final number of students studied was 56 students (74.7%). The average scores for each module 1 to 4 were 86.7%, 85.3%, 84.0%, and 84.0%, and the average obtained pass score was 88.6 for the four modules in all 56 students. Conclusion : Medical simulation enabled students to experience realistic patient situations as part of medical learning. However, it has not been incorporated into traditional educational methodology. Here we describe the introduction and the development of various simulation modules and technologies for medical education.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.85-104
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to carry out the career portfolio and the teacher-directed career exploration program in the unit of 'Industry and Career' of Technology·Home Economics and to find out how much those programs affect on career maturity and career identity in middle school students. The subjects were third-grade students who were selected at random from a middle school in Daegu. The subjects were divided into 60 for career portfolio group, 60 for teacher-directed group, and 60 for control group. Those programs were conducted totally in 9 sessions once or twice a week, and each session took 45 minutes. For pretest and post test, the questionnaire consisting of career maturity scale and career identity scale was used. To analyze data, ANCOVA was used and Scheffe test was conducted to examine significant differences between three groups. The main result of this study was the following : First, students who participate in the career portfolio and the teacher-directed career exploration program are more improved than those who have not been taught anything in determinacy and purpose of career maturity. Also, students who join in the career portfolio career exploration program are much more improved than those who join in the teacher-directed career exploration program in confidence and preparedness of career maturity. Second, students who join in the career portfolio career exploration program are more improved than those who join in the teacher-directed career exploration program in stability, goal directivity and assertiveness of career identity. Also students who participate in the lecture-oriented career exploration program are more improved meaningfully than those who have not been taught anything in the task orientation of career identity.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.411-427
• /
• 2013

To investigate the comparison of dietary status and health behaviors according to obesity, 239 male workers were selected and classified as normal (18.5-22.9 27.2%), overweight (23-24.9, 37.7%), and obese (25-29.9, 35.2%) by body mass index ($kg/m^2$). The SAS (ver. 9.2) program was used and verified by the chi-square and f-value methods. Drinking frequency(2-3 times a week) was higher in normal males(45.3%), but not as high as in obese males (48.1%) (p<0.001). Smoking frequency and amount were the highest in overweight males, but not-quit-smoking was high in obese males(51.9%) (p<0.001). Exercise time was longer in normal males(108 minutes) than other groups(69 overweight males, and 82 obese males (p<0.01). Obese groups(73.8%) slept well (p<0.001), but overweight males(44.4%) showed less than 6 hours of sleep (p<0.01). Meal frequency differed by group(two meals a day 67.7% in normal males (p<0.001), no-snack 65.5% in obese males(p<0.001). The frequency of eating-out was once a day in normal males (38.5%), differed in the eating-out time (lunch(45.8%) in normal males, dinner in overweight males(52.1%) and obese males(59.5%) (p<0.01). Korean food (49.3%) was selected, but noodle differed by group(10.2% normal 21.5% obese (p<0.01). Self-perception of body differed from the body's actual condition(p<0.001). For weight control, exercise(56.4%) was practiced more than diet(18.6%). Nutrition knowledge was poor (correct answer rate was 36.7% in normal males, 41.7% in overweight males, and 46.7% in obese males). For eating attitudes, obese males answered more in "flexible to change eating habits", "supplemented when poor eating"(p<0.001), normal responded in "impact on nutrition to health", "try new food for health"(p<0.01). From these results, it is evident that male workers, especially overweight ones, must work to learn more about health and nutrition so as to combat chronic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.644-654
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma foot reflexology massage on mood states specifically depression and brain waves of elderly women with osteoarthritis. Methods: The study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were 62 elderly women with osteoarthritis. The instruments were the Korean-Profile of Mood States-Brief for mood states and 8-channel EEG (Electroencephalogram) system for brain waves. Data were collected from March to May, 2012. Twenty-six participants were assigned to the treatment group and twenty-six to the comparison group. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 17.0 version program, and included descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANCOVA. The intervention was conducted three times a week for two weeks. Results: There were significantly improvement in reported depression. s. Brain waves (EEG) increased significantly in F3, T3 of ${\alpha}$ wave and in F4, T3, and P4 of ${\beta}$ wave between the two groups. Conclusion: Aroma foot reflexology massage can be utilized as an effective intervention to decrease depression of mood states, increase of ${\alpha}$, and ${\beta}$ brain wave on woman elderly with osteoarthritis.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to understand the effect of attitudes toward COVID-19, subjective norms, and intentions toward social distancing as a preventative measure for COVID-19 in nursing university students, and to provide basic data for COVID-19 prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The participants included 169 nursing students at a university in G city. Data were collected from 22 May 2020 to 1 June 2020. A self-report questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses with the IBM/SPSS 26.0 for Window Program. Results: Intention was the most influential factor on social distancing (β=.29, p=.002), followed by the number of breakfasts per week (β=.18, p=.005), school grade (β=-.16, p<.001), and smoking status (β=-.13, p=.046). These variables explained 35.0% of factors influencing social distancing (F=12.24, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study are meaningful and present a direction for nursing students and future medical personnel to effectively perform social distancing. It is necessary to educate nursing students so that they can practice proper health care habits and intentions for social distancing.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.82-93
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Moxibustion on urinary incontinence, voiding performance, muscle strength of the hip and ADL in stroke patients. The subjects of this study were 20 stroke patients hospitalized at the division of oriental medicine in K university Hospital in the period from December 26, 2001 to March 15, 2002. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design. The pretest and posttest included measuring frequency of incontinence, voiding performance score, healthy and paralytic muscle strength of the hip, and the performance level for ADL after Moxibustion for one week. Data was analyzed using the SPSS package program with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. The result of this study were as follows : 1) The frequency of incontinence was decreased from 3.80(SD=3.41) to 2.10(SD=2.10) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.803, p=.000). 2) The score of voiding performance was increased from 22.15(SD=12.04) to 30.65(SD=14.73) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.828, p=.000). 3) The healthy muscle strength of the hip was increased from 25.97(SD=26.87) to 46.00 (SD=40.75) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.183, p=.001). 4) The paralytic muscle strength was increased from 17.42(SD=27.04) to 33.58(SD=37.28) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-2.315, p=.021). 5) The performance level for ADL was increased from 17.15(SD=9.52) to 24.60(SD=13.38) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.416, p=.001). According to the results of this study, Moxibustion is effective for decreasing urinary incontinence, and improving voiding performance, muscle strength of the hip and ADL. Consequently, these findings showed that Moxibustion is effective in improvement of urinary incontinence in stroke patients.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.5 s.72
• /
• pp.763-766
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of regular exercise on ADL (activities of daily living) and lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C) in male patients with dementia. The subjects were consisted of 24 male patients with dementia, they were divided into two groups. the exercise group (EC, n=12) and the control group (CG, n=12). The exercise group participated in regular exercise program, and their ADL, lipid profiles levels were evaluated at baseline (pre, 0 mo), after 6 months (mid, 6 mo), and after 12 months (post, 12 mo). The subjects carried on exercising $30\∼60$ minutes a day, $2\∼3$ times per week for 12 months. Statistical techniques for data analysis was paired samples t-test. The level of statistical significance was $p\leq.0.5$. The results of this study were summarized as follows: In the case of EG, mid and post ADL values significantly higher than that of pre value, whereas there was no significant difference in the CG. Mid and post values of TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly lower than that of pre value in the EG. However, mid and post HDL-C values were higher in the EG compared to pre value. In conclusion, these results suggest that regular exercise have an positive effect on ADL and lipid profiles in male patient with dementia. In addition, regular exercise may be helpful to reduce the incidence of heart disease and coronary sclerosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.587-596
• /
• 2010

Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the effects of somatosensory training on the spatiotemporal gait parameters and balance in patients with stroke patients. Methods : 24 stroke survivors were allocated in this study, and randomly divided into experimental(n=12) and control group(n=12), independently. Experimental group was applied somatosensory training program plus conventional physical therapy, and control group was applied only conventional physical therapy. All subjects were administered for 30 minutes per day during 8 weeks(5 times a week). Results : Spatiotemporal parameters of gait were significant difference between pre and post intervention in experimental group, except of step length asymmetry ratio(SLAR) and single support time asymmetry ratio (SSAR)(p<.05). But control group had no statistical significance(p>.05). And also there was significant difference between experimental and control group(p<.05), except of cadence and SSAR(p>.05). Balance parameters were significant difference between pre and post intervention in experimental group(p<.05). But control group had no statistical significance(p>.05). And experimental timed up and go test was significantly decreased than control group(p<.05), but berg balance scale and functional reach test were not significant difference between experimental and control group(p>.05). Conclusion : This study was suggested that somatosensory training has effectiveness on the spatiotemporal gait parameters and balance in patients with stroke survivors. So this therapeutic intervention will be effectivelyapply to the stroke survivors in the clinical setting.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2003

Objectives : To assess the difference in the volume of psychiatric treatments provided to health insurance inpatients, compared with those on medical assistance(the medical aid program) Korean psychiatric hospitals, and to determine factors which affect the volume of the services. Methods : 21 psychiatrists, from 3 Korean psychiatric hospitals recorded the frequencies psychiatric treatments provided to inpatients in one week (February 18-24, 2002). The records of 329 patients were analyzed through t-tests, and random effectmixed model analyses to define the difference between the two groups, and to find other factors affecting the volume of service. Results : A significant difference in the volume of psychiatric treatments provided was observed between the health insurance and medical assistance groups. The variation in the volume of service between hospitals was prominent, and other factors (gender, agegroup, length of stay and mental disorder)were also found to be significant. The patients on medical assistance received only 70% of the psychiatric treatments of those on health insurance. Conclusions : More effort is required to improve the methods of payment to increase the level of fee scheduling for medical assistance. Further studies on the mechanisms causing these differences in the volume of service are required.