• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Scuticociliates are regarded as serious pathogens in marine aquaculture worldwide. In Korea, they cause mass-mortalities in fish such as the commercially important olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In particular, mixed infections of scuticociliates with pathogenic bacteria have been commonly reported. During efforts to identify natural marine-algae derived products that possess anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate properties, we found that an 80% methanolic extract of the red alga Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey exhibits both anti-scuticociliate activity against Miamiensis avidus, which is a major causative agent of scuticociliatosis, and anti-bacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria. Activity-guided fractionation and isolation of the 80% methanolic extract of P. morrowii yielded three bromophenols, which were identified as 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (1), 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2) and urceolatol (3) based on spectroscopic analyses. 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (1) showed the highest anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate activities, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of $62.5{\mu}g/mL$ (against Vibrio anguillarum) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of 62.5 ppm (in seawater). Investigations of the anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate activities of seventeen bromophenol derivatives, including the three isolated natural bromophenols, showed that the existence of an electron donating group or atom with a non-covalent electron pair at $C_4$ of the 2-bromophenol structure may be important in anti-scuticociliate activity. These findings suggest that the extract and bromophenol derivatives of P. morrowii may provide useful alternatives in aquaculture anti-scuticociliate therapies.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

Dendritic macromolecules of the first to fourth generation were synthesized, using alkenylation and hydrosilation cycles with allylmagnesium bromide and dichloromethylsilane as building blocks and siloxane tetramer $(Me(CH_2=CH)SiO)_4$, as core molecule. By the reaction of the dichloromethylsilyl-capped generation (G4P) with p-bromophenol, p-phenylphenol and lithium phenyethynylide, dendrimers with specific functions (G4P-BP (Mw: 16,300), G4P-PP (16,121), and CAP-PA (11,764)) have been produced. Analysis of new dendrimers by NMR, UV and MALD1 mass spectrometry suggests that they are pure and unified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.537-542
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• 1998

The present study was performed to elucidate desmutagenic principles from Ecklonia stolonifera extracts against 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine(PhIP) and 2-amino-3,8-dime-thylimidazo[4,5-f]duinoxaline(MeIQx) with Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Alginate, phenols, chlorophyll and carotenoids from Ecklonia stolonifera were extracted and their desmutagenicities were assayed. Alginate hydroysates showed desmutagenic activities against PhIP and MeIQx at high level dose. Phenol fractions and bromophenol showed desmutagenic activity of about MeIQx at high level dose. Phenol fractions and bromophenol showed desmutagenic activity of about 90% per 0.5mg against PhIP and MeIQx. Chlorophyllin among chlorophyll derivatives exhibited remarkable desmutagenic activities of 92.9% and 82.7% at 20uM against PhIP and MeIQx, respectively. Carotenoids, such as lutein and $\alpha$-cryptoxanthin isolated from Ecklonia stolonifera exerted also high desmutagenic activity. Major desmutagenic substances from Ecklonia stolonifera are considered to be chlorophyllin, phenols, lutein, $\alpha$-cryptoxanthin and low molecular alginates.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.577-582
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• 2017

The white light of a hybrid LED is obtained by using red and green organic fluorescent layers made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films, which function as color down-conversion layers of blue light-emitting diodes. In this research, we studied the fluorescence properties of a red organic fluorophore, employing perylene bisimide derivatives applicable to hybrid LEDs. The solubility, thermal stability, and luminous efficiency are important characteristics of organic fluorophores for use in hybrid LEDs. The perylene fluorescent compounds (1A and 1B) were prepared by the reaction of 4-bromophenol and 4-iodophenol with N,N'-bis(4-bromo-2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1, 6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxyl diimide (1) in the presence of dimethyl formaldehyde (DMF) at $70^{\circ}C$. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by using $^1H-NMR$, FT-IR, UV/Vis absorption and PL spectra, and TGA analysis. Compounds 1A and 1B showed absorption and emission at 570 nm and 604 nm in the UV/Vis spectrum. We also documented favorable solubility and thermal stability characteristics of the perylene fluorophores in our work. Perylene fluorophore 1, with the 4-bromophenol substituent 1A, exhibited particularly good thermal stability and solubility in organic solvents.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2002

TLC(Thin Layer Chromatography) 는 제약산업이나 생화학 연구 그리고 여러 산업 현장에서 널리 이용되는 화학 분석 방법이다 . 본 연구에서는 적은 비용으로도 많은 양의 시료를 신속하게 분리할 수 있는 TLC를 이용하여 유기산인 젖산 (Lactic acid) 을 분리는 전개방법을 개발하였다 . 전개용매는 2 가지 용매 (1) nitroethane nitromethane : ethanol: water: I-propanol = 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 (v/v/v/v/v), (2) diisopropyl ether. formic acid. water = 90 : 7 : 3 (v/v/v) 를 사용하였다 . 발색시약은 A : bromocresol purple reagent I, B . bromocresol purple reagent II, C : bromocresol green-bromophenol blue-potassium permanganate reagent 를 사용하여 분석하는 방법을 개발하였다 $^6)$. 젖산의 분리는 silica gel TLC plate를 이용하는 경우 , 용매 (1) 에 발색시약 B를 사용했을 때 , 분리 확인이 가장 좋았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.547-552
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• 2007

This study examined the thermal reactions of 2,4-dibromophenol (diBP), 2,6-diBP and 2,4,6-triBP. The products obtained under pyrolytic conditions were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 2,7-dibromodibenzo-p-dioxin (diBDD) was the major compound produced from the thermal reaction of 2,4-diBP. In addition, monoBDD and triBDDs were obtained through a process of debromination and bromination, respectively. The pyrolysis of 2,6-diBP and 2,4,6-triBP produced two major brominated dioxin isomers through direct condensation and a Smiles rearrangement. The two ortho-Brs in 2,6-diBP and 2,4,6-triBP mainly led to the production of dioxins, whereas in addition to 2,7-diBDD, 2,4-diBP produced two furans as minor products, 2,8-dibromodibenzofuran (diBDF) and 2,4,8-triBDF, through the intermediate dihydroxybiphenyl (DOHB). The maximum yield of the major dioxins was obtained at 400 oC, and decomposition by debromination at 500 oC resulted in less substituted bromodioxins.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.295-304
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• 2023

In this paper, a powerful photocatalyst based on carbon nanocomposite is developed in order to obtain a new material applicable in water treatment and especially for the discoloration of effluents used in the textile industry. For that, TiO₂-graphene nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by a mixture of Functionalized Graphene Sheet (FGS) and tetrachlorotitanium complexes to form FGS-TiO₂ nanocomposite. In the presence of an anionic surfactant, we used a new chemical process to functionalize graphene sheets in order to make them an excellent medium for blocking and preventing the aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles. The components of these nanocomposites are characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which confirms the successful formation of the FGS-TiO₂ nanocomposite. It was found that the TiO₂ nanoparticles were dispersed uniformly on the graphene plane which possesses better charge separation capability than pure TiO₂. The FGS-TiO₂ nanocomposites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity compared to pure TiO₂ for the removal of three dyes: such as Methylene Blue (MB), Bromophenol Blue (BB) and Alizarin Red-S (AR) in water. The removal process was fast and more efficient with FGS-TiO₂ nanocomposite in daylight (in the absence of UV irradiation) compared to pure TiO₂ nanoparticles without and under UV in all pH range.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.60-60
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• 2003

소의 난포란과 난구세포의 체외배양시 plasminogen activators(PAs)의 생산을 보고하였다 (Choi 등, 1998). 따라서 본 연구는 돼지 난포란 및 난구세포의 체외성숙시 PAs의 생산을 SDS-PAGE와 Zymogram을 이용하여 조사하였다. PCOCs는 도축암퇘지의 난소로부터 채취하여, 난구세포가 충실한 것만 선별하였으며, 실험구에 사용될 난구세포는 pipetting에 의해 분리하여 이용하였다. 돼지 신선정액은 D-PBS로 1,500 rpm, 5분간 2회 원심분리하여 정장물질을 제거하고, 3회째는 5mM caffein이 함유된 BO(Brackett과 Oliphant, 1985) 배양액으로 세정하였다. 처리한 돼지 정액은 1$\times$$10^{8}$ cells/$m\ell$로 조정하여 20${\mu}\ell$씩 분주하고 0, 1, 2, 3 또는 4시간 동안 39$^{\circ}C$ 5% $CO_2$, 95% 공기인 배양기에서 수정능획득을 유도하였다. 배양이 완료된 정액은 20${\mu}\ell$의 sample buffer(5% SDS, 20% glycerol, 0.0025% bromophenol blue 그리고 0.125M Tris HC1 buffer)에 넣어 -7$0^{\circ}C$ 동결기에 보관하였다. 전기영동은 4% stacking gel과 10% separating gel로 분리하였으며, 20 mA에서 90분간 실시하였다. Zymogram은 Choi 등(1988)의 방법에 따라 실시하여 PAs의 생산을 확인하였으며, 이상의 실험은 3반복을 실시하였다. 시험구 전체에서 urokinase type plasminogen activator(uPA)가 확인되었으며, 체외수정능 획득시간에는 차이가 없었다. 두 종류의 고분자량의 uPA의존성 영역이 나타났으며, 분자량은 65kD과 62 kD이었다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 Hart 등(1986)이 uPA의 경우 다양한 영역의 분자량 변이를 확인할 수 있었다고 한 것과 동일하였으며, 돼지 정자가 체외수정능 획득시 uPA를 생산하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 1985

The haemolymph protein, digestive fluid proteins and digestive fluid amylase activity of wild silkworm, Theophila mandarina those of the were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In addition, they was also compared with silkworm. 1. 6 main protein bands in female and 7 main protein bands in male were detected in the larval haemolymph of T. mandarina where as 8 and 7 main protein bands in female and male of B. mori were observed. Some differences in the haemolymph protein ands of T. mandarina and B. mori were observed. 2. 15 protein bands and 12 protein bands were found in the larval digestive fluid of T. mandarina and B. mori respectively. Some differences in the mobility of digestive fluid proteins of T. mandarina and B. mori were noticed. 3. Larval digestive fluid amylases were anionic and moved near the tracking dye in both T. mandarina and B. mori. Mobility of the digestive fluid amylases relative to bromophenol blue were 0.019 and 0.020 in T. mandarina and B. mori respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2006

The present research was undertaken to investigate the activities of ligninolytic enzymes and dye-decolorization capabilities of white-rotting fungi Coriolus hirsutus LD-1. The isolated white-rotting fungi (Coriolus hirsutus LD-1) produced laccase (16,388.9 U/L) and manganese-dependent peroxidase (19.81 U/L) but it did not produce lignin peroxidase. When the isolated fungi was incubated with the treatment of dyes for 8 days, the rates of decolorization of remazol brilliant blue R and bromophenol blue were 70.2% and 98%, respectively. The activity for manganese-dependent peroxidase was low, whereas that for laccase was very high. Moreover, the laccase was more effective to decolor when compared to manganese-dependent peroxidase. The results suggested that laccase of Coriolus hirsutus LD-1 might be playing an important role in the decolorization of the dyes.