• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.6-12
• /
• 2012

The association of three candidate genes, fatty acid synthase (FASN), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), with fatty acid (FA) composition in Duroc pigs was investigated. Identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping. The c.265C>T SNP of FASN gene was significantly associated with high levels of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) (p<0.05), oleic acid (C18:1) (p<0.01), and mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (p<0.01), but low levels of linoleic acid (C18:2) (p<0.01), alpha linolenic acid (C18:3) (p<0.05), and poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (p<0.01) in animals having the CT genotype. The c.2573T>C SNP in the MTTP gene had a significant effect only in elevating the level of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) (p<0.05) in heterozygote animals. The polymorphism in FABP3 showed no significant effects on any fatty acid composition traits. These results suggest that the identified SNPs in the FASN and MTTP genes can be useful markers for selecting Duroc pigs having desirable healthy fatty acid composition.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.55-58
• /
• 1995

To investigate of the content of fatty acids and cholesterol level in Raja Skates, the skate was purchesed from Yangdong Fisheries market in Kwangju, Korea. The experimental skate contained moisture 77.1%, crude protein 20.5%, crude lipid 0.68% and ash 1.72% as the general components. The fatty acids composition of skate are 28 kinds, such as 10 kinds of saturated fatty acid and 18 kinds of unsaturated fatty acid. There are 5 kinds of odd numbered fatty acid, such as C15:0, C17:0, C19:0, C25:0. Lignoceric acid shows 11% content. As an unsaturated fatty acid, getoleic acid, C22:1: selecholeic acid, C24:1:9, 12-hexadecadienic acid, C16:2: trans-linolelaidic acid, C18:2:13, 16-docosadienoic acid, C22:2: are analyzed as the particular one. The p/s ratio of skates is 1.02 and n-3/n-6 ratio of Skates is 0.82, respectively. The content of cholesterol level of Skates muscle is less than 20mg%, and liver contains 300-500 mg% and Nechang-tang contains 100mg% each.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 1998

In order to independently examine the effects of long-chain saturated fatty acids and dietary cholesterol levels on plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations, six different diets were fed to male Mongolian gerbils (14 gerbils pes grcup) for an 8-week period. Purified diets contained 36% energy as fat (each saturated fatty acid tested comprised about 20% of the total fat energy) and 0.06% (w/w) cholesterol, corresponding to typical human consumption patterns in Western diets. Fat blends were formulated with natural fat sources. To determine the effects of different saturated fatty acids on plasma and liver cholesterol levels, four of the six diets contained constant levels of all nutrients except for the amounts of lauric acid (12 0), myristic acid (14 : 0), palmitic acid (16 0), and stearic acid (18 : 0). Dietary cholesterol effects were tested using 16 : 0-enriched diets containing 0, 0.006, and 0.06% (w/w) cholesterol. None of the plasma lipids were influenced by fatty acid treatment, including triglycerides, plasma total-, VLDL+LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol. However, hepatic esterified cholesterol concentrations were increased in the palmitic and stearic arid diet groups compared to the lauric and myristic acid diet group. The molar ratios of hepatic EC/FC were the highest in the palmitic acid diet (12.2 $\pm$0.6) and the lowest in the myristic acid diet (6.4$\pm$0.2). Dietary cholesterol significantly (p<0.001) increased the plasma total cholesterol which was due to the increase of both HDL-and VLDL+LDL-cholesterol. In the absence of dietary cholesterol and compared to other species, the gerbil exhibited a high molar ratio of hepatic EC/FC, which was funker elevated by dietary cholesterol feeding (0.06%). The results from this study indicate that hepatic cholesterol concentrations are sensitive to both low levels of dietary cholesterol and saturated fatty acid chain length and also, that plasma cholesterol concentrations are sensitive to low levels of dietary cholesterol .

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제28권9호
• /
• pp.807-811
• /
• 2019

The present study aimed to examine the effects of dietary illite as a feed additive on the Haugh unit and fatty acid profiles of eggs. One hundred and twenty laying hens (48-week-old Hy-line Brown) were randomly assigned to one of the following two treatments: control or 2% illite powder. At 2 and 4 weeks, the Haugh unit values between the control and 2% illite powder groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). In addition, individual fatty acid content at 2 and 4 weeks did not differ between the treatments (p>0.05), except for palmitic (C16:0) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1) content. The addition of 2% illite powder caused no difference between the total saturated and total unsaturated fatty acids at 2 and 4 weeks (p>0.05). In conclusion, the addition of dietary illite at a rate of 2% did not improve the Haugh unit values or fatty acid profiles of eggs.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 1987

The crude lipid contents of dried sea food products varied remarkably from 1.2 to 29.9% for dried fish products, from 2.8 to 12.3％ for dried mollusk ones, and from 0.1 to 2.3％ for dried seaweed ones. In fatty acid composition of dried fish products, the saturated acid was the most predominant component for dried anchovies, hair tail, Kstsuobushi, the monoenoic acid was the most predominant one for dried yellow corvenia, flat head, common carp, sea eel and conger eel. And the polyenoic acid was the most abundant one for dried cod. Allaska pollack, flounder, sole fish, ray, smelt and sardine. The major fatty acids of these dried fish products were 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, 18:1, 20:5 and 22:6. Fatty acid composition of dried mollusk products were mainly consisted of polyenoic acid, and followed by saturated acid, monoenoic aced. The major fatty acids of these products were similiar to those of dried fish products. And in case of dried seaweed products, saturated acid such as 14:0, 16:0 was the most predominant component, while polyenoic acid was abundant one in dried laver and sea mustard. The main fatty acids of dried seaweed products were 14:0, 16:0, 18:1, 20:1, 20:4, and 20:5. Judging from the results, dried sea food products were abundant of the highly unsaturated fatty acids in spite of the drying processing and storage.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.207-211
• /
• 2005

Effect of garlic on cholesterol and selenium (Se) levels, and fatty acid composition in the broiler chicks (Indian River) fed diet containing 0, 2, 4, 6, and 10% lyophilized garlic powder (GA) for 6 weeks were determined. Supplementation of garlic powder significantly decreased cholesterol level in broiler compared to the control (p<0.05). Se levels were not significantly different (p>0.05) among treatment groups. Percentages of $C_{16:0}$ and $C_{18:1}$ were gradually decreased ($C_{16:0}$;20.62% of total fatty acid in the control to 17.71 % in 10% GA; $C_{18:1}$;34.08% in the control to 30.71 % in 10% GA), while that of $C_{18:2}$ was increased from 28.69% in the control to 35.89% of 10% GA diet (p<0.0l). These results demonstrate some active components of garlic reduce cholesterol level and affect fatty acid metabolism.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2003

규조류 C. calcitrans와 S. costatum, 그리고 Chaetoceros spp. 생육저해 활성을 가지는 해양세균, Shewanella sp. SR-14와 그 저해활성이 없는 V. alginolyticus의 지방산 조성을 분석하고 이들 해양세균과 규조류를 각각 혼합배양하였을 때 규조류의 지방산 조성변화를 측정하였다. Peptone broth에서 $20^{\circ}C$, 3일간 배양한 Shewanella sp. SR-14의 주요 지방산 조성은 16:1n-7 $(29.4\%)$과 16:0 $(19.2\%)$이었으나, V. alginolyticus의 경우는 16:0 $(23.7\%)$ 16:1n-7 $(27.7\%)$ 및 18:1n-7 $(21.0\%)$이었으며, 이들 세균을 Conwy 배지에서 재배양 하였을 때 그 조성은 peptone broth에서 배양한 균체와 약간의 변화가 있었다. 순수배양한 미세조류의 주요 지방산은 C. calcitrans의 경우 16:1n-7 $(33.3\%),$ 16:0 $(27.1\%)$ 및 14:0 $(12.1\%)$ 이었고, S. costatum은 16:1n-7 $(28.9\%),$ 16:0 $(21.6\%)$ 및 20:5 $(19.8\%)$이었다. 세균과 혼합배양한 규조류의 지방산 조성은 Shewanella sp. SR-l4와 혼합배양한 경우 순수배양한 조체에 비하여 포화지방산의 비율은 감소하였으나 불포화지방산의 비율은 증가하였으며, 그 변동율은 C. calcitrans의 경우가 S. costatum보다 높았다. 그러나 V. alginolyticus와 혼합배양한 경우 C. calcitrans는 포화지방산이 증가한 반면 불포화지방산은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, S. costatum은 순수 배양한 조체와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그래서 C. calcitrans는 Shewanella sp. SR-14에 의하여 불포화지방산의 조성이 증가되고, 이러한 지방산은 이 균이 생성하는 조류증식 저해물질과 상승적으로 작용하여 더욱 조류의 증식이 억제되는 것으로 시사되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.1013-1020
• /
• 1997

The cellular fatty acids of 47 marine bacteria representing the genus Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Staphylococcus and Stenotrophomonas were determined by a gasliquid chromatographic analysis. Sixty-eight different fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms were detected in marine bacteria. Of the eight genus examined, 14:0, 16:0 and i17:0 were detected in all, while i14:0, a15:0, i16:0, and 15:0 were found in most of all. There were significant differences in the fatty acid patterns between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Bacteria of Gram positive genus showed relatively high contents of the branched type fatty acids, while the major fatty acids in Gram negative were unsaturated and straight forms. Phylogenetic relationships between marine bacteria defined by the cellular fatty acid patterns represented obvious differences between Gram positive and Gram negative genera, even in respective genus. Therefore, the bacterial classification and identification can be accomplished more easily and rapidly based on the cellular fatty acid profiles than the conventional methods.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.147-156
• /
• 2000

To investigate fatty acid constituents and relative compositions in the fluid of the follicles, oviducts, uterine body and uterine body in Korean native cow, the fluids of the reproductive tract were analyzed using gas chromatography. The samples were taken from various reproductive tract of 23 Korean native cows. q. Caprylic acid (C8:0), myristic acid(C14:0), palmitic acid(C16:0), palmitoleic acid(C16:1), stearic acid(C18:0), oleic acid(C18:1), linoleic acid(C18:2), arachidonic acid(C20:4) were found in the reproductive tracts of the cows, which made 8 kinds of fatty acid in total. 2. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid were predominant with 35.67%, 24.98% and 17.52%, respectively. while low levels of fatty acids(<5%) were myristic acid, palmitoleic acid and caprylic acid with 1.75%, 1.28% and 2.69%, respectively. 3. Two kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid arachidonic acid were found in the reproductive tracts of cows. 4. Palmitic acid among saturated fatty acids and oleic acid among unsaturated fatty acids were the highest level in all of the reproductive tracts. 5. The Highest level of arachidonic acid was found in the uterine horn. 6. The sum of the palmitic acid and oleic acid were 61.72%, 63.72%, 57.66% and 57.65% for the fluid of follicle, oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body of the cows, respectively. 7. The relative compositions of palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid and caprylic acid were higher during the luteal phase than during the follicular phase. 8. The relative compositions of arachidonic acid was higher during the follicular phase in the fluid of uterine horn and uterine body of the cows. 9. The long chain fatty acid, the palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acidshowed higher relative compositions during the follicular phase(86.49%∼95.51%) than during the luteal phase(85.64%∼88.93%).

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.409-414
• /
• 1978

숭어 난유(卵油)의 지질조성(脂質組成)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 보면 다음과 같다. 1 숭어의 각조직(各組織)의 지질성분(脂質成分)은 상이(相異)하였다. 즉 근육(筋肉), 난(卵) 및 간(肝)에서 추출(抽出)한 지질주요성분(脂質主要成分)은 각각(各各) triglyceride, wax ester, 유리지방산(遊離脂肪酸)였다. 2. 숭어난(卵)의 지질함량(脂質含量)은 약(約) 20.5%였고, 그 지질(脂質)의 요-드가(價)는 118, 불감화물의 양(量)은 38.7%였다. 3. 숭어난유(卵油)의 중요지질조성(重要脂質組成)은 wax ester가 59.1%로 제일 많았고, 다음이 극성지질(極性脂質)로 26.9%, 그 다음이 triglyceride로 9.0%였으며, Sterol은 3.0%였다. 4. Wax ester의 중요(重要)한 지방산조성(脂肪酸組成)을 보면 palmitic acid가 47.5%로 제일 많았으며, 그 다음이 oleic acid로 23.0%, hexadecatrienoic acid가 6.5%, eicosapentaenoic acid가 4.0%였다. 또 triglyceride의 조성(組成)을 보면 palmitoleic acid가 25.1%, oleic acid가 16.7%, palmitic acid가 16.3%, eicosamonoenoic가 7.9%, stearic acid가 5.5%였다. 극성지질(極性脂質)의 경우는 palmitic acid가 35.0%, oleic acid가 24.7%, palmitoleic acid가 6.1%, eicosapentaenoic acid가 5.3%였다. 5. Wax ester의 중요(重要)한 alcohal은 cetyl alcohol(C16:0)가 51.0%로 제일 많았고. 그 다음이 palmitoleyl alcohol(C16:1)로 18.2%, 그 다음이 oleyl alcohol (C18:1)로 10.7%였다. 또 C15:0, C15:1, C17:0, C17:1, C19:1과 같은 기수탄소(奇數炭素) alcohol가 상당량(相當量) 발견(發見)되었다.