• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1024-1029
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• 2000

Objectives : With recent improvements in neuroimaging and the development of third and fourth-generation radiosurgical dose-planning soft ware, came a renewed interest in using radiosurgery for the treatment of movement disorders. Radiosurgery involves no opening of the cranium and no incisions, eliminating both the risk of hemorrhage from passing an electrode to the depths of meningitis from operative infection. It is for these reasons stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of movement disorders has value in a small subgroup of patients. The authors report four cases of Parkinson's disease and one case of dystonia that were treated by Gamma knife. Methods : Radiosurgical nucleus ventralis intermedius thalamotomy using the gamma knife unit was performed to make lesion in two Parkinson's disease patients. A radiation dose of 120Gy was delivered to nucleus using a single 4-mm collimator plug pattern following classic anatomical landmarks. Patients were followed for a median of 10.5 months(range 9-12 months). An independent neurological evaluation of tremor, based on the change in the United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale tremor score(UPDRS), was correlated with a subjective evaluation. Gamma knife ventrolateral(V.O.P) thalamotomy was performed in one case of dystonia. A central dose of 150Gy was delivered and the patient was followed for 18 months. Gamma knife globus pallidus interna pallidotomy was performed in two Parkinson's disease patients. A radiation dose of 130Gy(range 120-140Gy) was delivered. Patients were followed for a median of 13 months(range 9-14 months). Result : Ventrolateral thalamotomy in dystonia produced regained left hand usage in order to be able to use the telephone. Ventralis intermedius thalamotomy produced an excellent improvement of the tremor in one case, mild improvement of the tremor in the other case of Parkinson's disease. A globus pallidus internalis(GPi) pallidotomy produced improvement of rigidity and dyskinesia : one other showed no change. There were no neurological complications. Conclusion : Gamma Knife thalamotomy considered a safe and effective technique for the treatment of tremor in Parkinson's disease. Although the results from Longer follow-up is not available yet, the short-term results seem to be encouraging.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate radiographical and operating conditions of X-ray units and exposure doses to patients during chest radiography, so that the results could provide basic data used for reducing the exposure dose and for providing the diagnostic information with better quality. The conditions and exposure doses of 100 X-ray units mainly used for chest radiography were examined and also 100 radiological technologists mainly handling those apparatus at 76 medical facilities in Pusan were surveyed using a questionnaire from October 1 to December 31 in 1995. The following results were obtained from the study : 1. It was found that most units were capable of taking a high tube voltage radiography by showing 67% of the units equipped with the maximum tube voltage of 150 kV, 94% with more than 500 mA for the rating capacity and 85% with the full wave type of a signal phase. 2. For actual chest radiographical conditions, however, 80% of the units were operated at $60{\sim}100\;kVp$ and only 14% at 100 kVp and over for the high tube voltage. 3. The average exposure time was less than 0.1 second, and eighty four percent of the units adapted the X-ray tube currents ranging from 200 to 300 mA, 80% the focus-film distances between 180 and 210 cm, and 63% the focus sizes of more than 2.0 mm. 4. Most units(98%) employed additional filters made of aluminum, 75% the thickness of filters less than 2.0 mm, and only 2 units the compound filters. 5. Ortho chromatic system was only adopted in 13% of screen film system for the units, and 73% used the grid ratio at 8 : 1 for the low tube voltage during chest radiography. 6. The average exposure dose of all X-ray units during chest radiography was $371\;{\mu}Sv$ with a difference of about 16 times between the minimum to the maximum, and $386\;{\mu}Sv$ both at hospitals and at health centers, followed by $380\;{\mu}Sv$ at general hospitals and $263\;{\mu}Sv$ at university hospitals without showing any statistically significant differences. In conclusion, since patients during chest radiography at medical facilities in Pusan exposed to high levels of radiation, it is recommended that appropriate added filters and grids necessary for the high tube voltage radiography and high-speed screen systems should be adopted and used as soon as possible in order to reduce exposure dose to the patients.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.247-264
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• 1993

This study deals with the manufacturing of the foundation garments for the well-balanced somatotype of the Korean middle-aged womenhood. In order to get hold of the different somatotypes, a survey of a total of 134 middle-aged women in Kwangju area, ranging in their age from 45 through 59 was made. The statistical methods used for the analysis of the basic data were the Pearson's correlation coefficient, Anova, Cluster analysis and Stepwise. Emphasis of the try-on test was placed on (1) the comparison of anthropometric data before and after trying on the foundation garments, (2) sensory evaluation, (3) a rating on fit and performance, (4) the comparison by means of photograph. The conclusions obtained are as follows : 1) The 134 women sampled and measured were classified into the five groups of somatotype : the 52 women (34%) belong to Cluster 1 ; the 22 women(14.5%) belong in Cluster 2 ; the 12 women(7.9%) belong in Cluster 3 ; the 15 women(9.9%) belong in Cluster 4 ; the 33 women(27.7%) belong to Cluster 5. 2) As for the characteristics of the foundation garment design, the V-shaped neckline and chest dart was used. The adjust point is right above the perineum point. The foundation garment length is as far as trochanteric point. The materials used are cotton/polyurethane, lace, 100%cotton. The materials used for corrections were the sponge pad for the chest, and non-woven fabric pad for the back, shoulder and the hip. 3) The comparison of the anthropometric data of the subject when dressed in foundation garments showed a significant difference in bust point height, in bust point length and in nipple-ta-nipple breadth, which proves the foundation garments to be effective in correcting such part as the chest, the hip and the abdomen. 4) As considered in terms of the sensory evaluation, the item except for the shoulder and the armhole coincided with each other in the mean value and in the composite reliability coefficient, which also proves the foundation garments to be effective. 5) Subjects were satisfactory on fit, performance, design, of the foundation garment, and their changed appearance. 6) In the case of the comparison through the photographs, the silhouettes of all the five women subjects were found effectively to be balanced.