• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1618-1624
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• 2009

This study was conducted to estimate the shelf-life of cooked mung bean sprouts contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus according to storage temperatures after cooking in school foodservice operations. A predictive growth model of S. aureus in cooked mung bean sprouts prepared using a standard recipe was developed at 4 storage temperatures (5, 15, 25, and 35${^{\circ}C}$). To determine the effect of vinegar on the shelf-life of cooked mung bean sprouts, the growth of S. aureus in sprouts prepared using vinegar and the standard recipe were compared. The $R^2$ values of the specific growth rate (SGR) and lag time (LT) determined using the Gompertz model were greater than 0.90 at all temperatures except 5${^{\circ}C}$, which confirmed that it would be appropriate to use these parameters for a secondary model. The secondary model, which indicates changes in LT and SGR values according to storage temperatures, was calculated using response surface models. The compatibility of the developed model was confirmed by calculating $R^2$, Bf, Af and MSE values as statistic parameters. The $R^2$ values of LT and SGR were 0.94 or higher, and the MSE, Bf and Af values were 0.02 and 0.002, 0.97 and 1.03, and 1.31 and 1.10, respectively, with high statistical compatibility. The growth rate of S. aureus was higher when the standard recipe was used than when vinegar was used at all temperatures. Indeed, no growth of S. aureus was observed in mung bean sprouts prepared using vinegar. Based on the model developed, cooked mung bean sprouts prepared using the standard recipe for school foodservice should be stored at 10${^{\circ}C}$ or less. Additionally, sprouts stored at 25 or 35${^{\circ}C}$ should be consumed within 6 or 12 hours after cooking. Finally, the addition of vinegar will prevent the growth of S. aureus in cooked mung bean sprouts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.172-177
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide basic date for organic acid, vitamin and free sugar contents of commercial dried lavers cultivated in Korea (Seocheon, Wando, Goheung and Busan). The contents of organic acid per 100 g of dried lavers were in the range of 1,238.67~1,437.00 mg of malic acid, 1,021.67~1,309.67 mg of oxalic acid, 1,035.67~1,247.33 mg of citric acid, 1,001.00~1,146.00 mg of succinic acid, 902.00~1,107.00 mg of tartaric acid, 862.67~1,070.67 mg of lactic acid and 370.33~421.67 mg of acetic acid. The concentration of vitamin A and ${\beta}$-carotene were the highest (0.286 mg and 22.19 mg/100 g) in dried lavers cultivated from Seocheon and Wando. Vitamin $B_1$, $B_3$ and $B_{12}$ concentrations were the highest (9.79 mg, 19.15 mg and 1.77 mg/100 g) in dried lavers cultivated from Goheung, and vitamin $B_2$, $B_6$ and $B_9$ concentrations were the highest (4.55 mg, 2.36 mg and 2.17 mg/100 g) in dried lavers cultivated from Wando. The concentration of vitamin C and E contents were the highest (219.33 mg and 1.75 mg/100 g) in dried lavers cultivated from Wando. The contents of free sugar per 100 g of dried lavers were in the range of 214.27~347.72 mg of galactose, 59.10~71.69 mg of glucose, 37.86~54.34 mg of fucose and 6.26~14.65 mg of mannose.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the subjective perception to the nutrient intake and mental health of Korean adolescents by the residual method. This study was based on data from the 5th and 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2014) of the 2,961 total subjects(male 1,548, female 1,413, aged 12 to 19 years). The nutrient intake was collected by using the 24 hr recall method and mental health and BMI were collected by the health interview survey and physical examination research. An analysis of the relationship between the subjective perception and BMI showed that the proportion of those with a distorted perception of their body type was the highest among adolescents with normal weight(p for trend, <.001). Especially, regarding the subjective body type, the proportion of adolescents who perceived themselves overweight was significantly higher among females as compared to that among males (p for trend, <.001). An analysis of nutrient intake status against the subjective perception showed that the group of adolescents who perceived themselves overweight had the lowest scores on the index of nutritional quality (INQ), nutritional adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) (p for trend, <.001). With respect to the daily intake of major nutrients, adolescents who perceived themselves overweight consumed the lowest amounts of total energy (p for trend, <.01) and carbohydrate (p for trend,<.001). An analysis of the mental health status of the adolescents showed that those who perceived themselves overweight had the highest levels of stress recognition and depression (p<0.01). In conclusion, the adolescents' subjective perception is associated with their nutrient intake and mental health. Therefore, some educational programs are desirable to help the adolescents to have their desirable subjective perception and to increase their satisfaction with their body type.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.15-33
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a practical problem-based teaching learning process plan for safety in residential environment to raise safety awareness of middle school students. The plan consisting of 4 lessons has been developed and implemented according to the ADDIE model. Various activity materials (26 student's activity sheets and 8 reading texts, and 8 teacher's reading texts) and visual materials (4 sets of pictures & photos and 8 moving pictures) as well as questionnaire were developed for the 4-session lessons. The plans were implemented by the researcher to 4 classes 121 freshmen of M boy's middle school in Kyeongbuk during December 21st to 29th, 2015. Students were highly enjoyed and satisfied with the whole 4-lessons in the aspects such as the level of participation in the lesson, understanding of the contents, adequacy of materials and activities, and usefulness in own's daily life. Students also reported that they were highly aware to practice the contents learned from the lessons in daily family life at home with one's family and recommended to teach the lessons to other schools, too. It can be concluded that the teaching learning process plan for safety in residential environment would raise safety awareness of middle school students through the Home Economics subject.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.99-114
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• 2018

Textbooks are one of the most crucial variables that determine the quality of education and one of the most influential sources for education. Textbooks should be designed with inquiring tendencies so as to help students to practice self-directed learning. inquiring textbooks can not only intrigue students but also enhance the quality of class. Here, this author is going to analyze the inquiring tendencies of a core construct, 'management', in 12 different types of high school Technology & Home Economics textbooks reflecting the 2015 revised national curriculum based on the Romey method. According to the analysis results, only one type of textbook shows inquiring tendencies in the text, which means that the text is more oriented to delivering knowledge rather than to pursuing students' inquiry learning. Because analysis indexes for figures and diagrams fall under the range of desirable inquiring tendencies in 10 types of textbooks, the figures and diagrams presented in Home Economics textbooks are intended to induce particular learning activity. Learning activity indexes reveal 9 types of textbooks' inquiring tendencies, which means that Home Economics textbooks present a reasonable amount of learning activity in general in order to intrigue students and stimulate their inquiring mind. In terms of evaluation indexes, only 2 types of textbooks show inquiring tendencies. According to the results of examining each individual textbook, some of the Home Economics textbooks reflecting the 2015 revised national curriculum include inquiring elements in the text, figures and diagrams, activities, and evaluation all; however, some still need improvements. Regarding how to better the Home Economics textbooks, this researcher will suggest the following implications and complements. Home Economics textbooks should include inquiring elements to induce interactions properly in the class, and when they write the textbooks, the text, figures and diagrams, activities, and evaluation should be designed balancedly, and the questions need to be expressed in a way to develop students' inquiring mind.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.1 s.104
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• pp.83-94
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• 2006

This paper describes ATM cell encipherment method using Rijndael Algorithm adopted as an AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) by NIST in 2001. ISO 9160 describes the requirement of physical layer data processing in encryption/decryption. For the description of ATM cell encipherment method, we implemented ATM data encipherment equipment which satisfies the requirements of ISO 9160, and verified the encipherment/decipherment processing at ATM STM-1 rate(155.52Mbps). The DES algorithm can process data in the block size of 64 bits and its key length is 64 bits, but the Rijndael algorithm can process data in the block size of 128 bits and the key length of 128, 192, or 256 bits selectively. So it is more flexible in high bit rate data processing and stronger in encription strength than DES. For tile real time encryption of high bit rate data stream. Rijndael algorithm was implemented in FPGA in this experiment. The boundary of serial UNI cell was detected by the CRC method, and in the case of user data cell the payload of 48 octets (384 bits) is converted in parallel and transferred to 3 Rijndael encipherment module in the block size of 128 bits individually. After completion of encryption, the header stored in buffer is attached to the enciphered payload and retransmitted in the format of cell. At the receiving end, the boundary of ceil is detected by the CRC method and the payload type is decided. n the payload type is the user data cell, the payload of the cell is transferred to the 3-Rijndael decryption module in the block sire of 128 bits for decryption of data. And in the case of maintenance cell, the payload is extracted without decryption processing.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.536-546
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of job satisfaction of school food service employees in the Daegu and Kyoungbuk area and to compare their job satisfaction among 3 types of school foodservice systems. Questionnaires were mailed to 49 elementary schools and collected from 49 dieticians and 201 employees. The survey form was developed by analyzing the Job Descriptive Index(JDI) with the five facets of a job: the work itself, promotion pay, supervision and colleagues. Statistical analysis used in this study were fi:equency, mean, $\chi$$^2$-test, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The average JDI scores for dieticians and foodservice employees were 127.31 $\pm$ 24.51 and 136.78 $\pm$ 19.18, respectively. The foodservice workers surveyed in this study were found to be more satisfied with the work itself, the supervision and the colleagues than with the pay and the promotion. While dieticians were more satisfied with the promotion and salary, foodservice employees were more satisfied with work salary, and colleagues. The foodservice worker's demographic variables including age, education, work experience, school type and job type were significantly related to the level of job satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.289-298
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• 2006

Objectives : Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental spectrum disorder with a strong genetic component. Previous neurochemical and genetic studies suggested the possible involvement of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) receptor in autism. The aim of study was to investigate the association between the NMDA2B receptor gene(GRIN2B) and autism spectrum disorders(ASD) in the Korean population. Methods : The patients with ASD were diagnosed with Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule based on DSM-IV diagnostic classification. The present study was conducted with the detection of four single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in GRIK2 and family-based association analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in Korean ASD trios using transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). Results : One hundred twenty six patients with ASD and their biological parents were analyzed. 86.5% were male and 85.1% were diagnosed as autistic disorder. The mean age was $71.9{\pm}31.6$ months(range : 26-185 months). We found that rs1805247 showed significantly preferential transmission(TDT ${\chi}^2$=12.8, p<0.001) in ASD. Conclusion : One SNP in GRIN2B gene was significantly associated with ASD in the Korean population. This result suggests the possible involvement of glutamate NMDA receptor gene in the development of ASD.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.133-147
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• 2000

To provide data for the improvement of primary health care through the study on the utilization rate of community health practitioner(CHP) post and its related factors toward some rural residents in Mooan County Chollanamdo, a questionnaire survey was made from 382 persons during August 1999. Comparison was made between persons at the seaside area under difficult transportation and persons at the railroad area under convenient transportation. The results are as follows: 1. For the last one year, 83.3% of seaside area residents and 67.0% of railroad area residents used CHP post. As the purpose of visit to CHP post at seaside area, 94.3% visited for medical care, 25.3% for chronic disease control and 22.2% for health counselling and 14.1% for chronic disease control. 2. By simple analysis, sex, age, marital status, educational level, residence area, distance from living village to CHP post, presence of chronic diseases, satisfaction with CHP and confidence on CHP were related significantly with the utilization of CHP post for the last one year. 3. By multiple logistic regression, statistically significant variables related with the utilization rate of CHP post for the last one year were analyzed as age, sex, residence area and distance from living village to CHP post.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2005

Clownfish are important and very popular fish in the ornamental aquarium industry. Demand for the fish is increasing dramatically. The present study was conducted to verify methods of broodstock management, patterns of spawning, rates of egg hatching and estimates of larval growth fur the saddleback clownfish, Amphiprion polymnus. Spawning occurred 8 times between August 2002 to June 2004 with 2 females and 1 male participating. Fertilized eggs were separated by an adhesive matrix and were oval in shape. The eggs were $2.46{\pm}0.13mm$ in size as measured along the longest axis. The percentage of fertilized eggs was 96.7%. Hatching was observed seven days post-spawning and hatching rate was 85.5%. The sizes of the newly-hatched larvae were $4.58{\pm}0.21mm$ TL (total length). Larvae had an open mouth and anus, and an oval yolk sac. At the 1 st day after hatching, the sizes of the larvae were $4.90{\pm}0.35mm$ TL. The larvae began to eat rotifers after complete yolk absorption. On the 5th day post-hatch, larvae were $5.88{\pm}0.31mm$ TL with complete fins and the survival rate was 48.6%. At 8 days after hatching, a band began to appear on head and back of the larvae indicating the beginning of metamorphosis. Metamorphosis was completed at an average TL of $15.00{\pm}2.12mm$ on the 23rd day after hatching. By the 45th day after hatching, juveniles averaged $22.76{\pm}3.22mm$ TL and survival rate was 28.4%.