• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.160-164
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• 2015

Hunter syndrome(Mucopolysaccharidosis type II, MPS type II) is an X-linked disorder of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) metabolism caused by an iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS2) deficiency. A 24-month-old boy visited the department of pediatrics with the chief compliant of chronic purulent rhinorrhea beginning at age one. He had a history of repeated acute otitis media and chronic rhinitis. On physical examination he had a coarse face, enlarged tongue, distended abdomen, joint stiffness, and Mongolian spots at his first visit. The urine GAGs level was elevated at 66.10 mg/mmolCr (reference range, <11.1) and iduronate-2-sulfatase activity in leukocyte was decreased at 0.21 nmol/mg protein/hr (reference range, 18.7-57). Finally with an IDS gene mutational analysis, recombinant known mutation between intron 7 and distal of exon 3 in IDS2 was detected. Recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase therapy was started without any infusion related reactions. The author highlights the importance of suspecting Hunter syndrome when pediatric patients visit with chronic purulent rhinorrhea which is a common cause of hospital visits for infants and children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-27
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to understand mothers' beliefs about infants and their practices. Methods: As a qualitative study, the participants were 11 mothers and their 18-24 month old infants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations. Results: The participants' maternal beliefs about infants were contrasted in terms of infants' abilities and respect for infants. First, the mothers that perceived infants as competent beings, believed that infants can understand daily routine, communicate and empathize, and concentrate. On the contrary, the mothers that perceived infants as incapable beings, believed that infants lack the understanding of daily routine and the abilities of communication, empathy, and concentration. Second, the mothers that perceived infants as subjective beings, respected their infants, and their infants' opinions when making decisions. On the other hand, the mothers that perceived infants as objective beings, believed that infants should be led by adults and their opinions as not being very important. Third, their maternal beliefs were closely connected to their practices. Conclusion/Implications: Since maternal beliefs about infants turn out to be significant in mothers' thoughts and practices with their infants, it is necessary to figure out maternal beliefs about infants and support them to have more positive beliefs.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2024

Postoperative atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS) is a rare complication that develops almost exclusively in children following oropharyngeal and otologic surgeries, proposing that oropharyngeal inflammatory responses and excessive head rotation are responsible factors. However, there have been no reports of AARS after excision of a nevus on the head and neck. Here, we present two cases of AARS following limited head rotation during simple nevus excision. Patient 1, a 9-year-old girl, complained of neck pain and limited range of motion after excision of the nevus on the neck. After 2 months, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging finally revealed AARS with a ruptured transverse atlantal ligament. A month of halo traction was required for the treatment. Patient 2, an 11-year-old girl, presented with immediate pain and limited neck extension after tissue expander insertion under the upper chest and excision of the nevus on her left cheek. The diagnosis was promptly made using cervical spine radiography. A cervical collar was applied for 1 month. Both patients recovered without any complications after treatment. This report highlights the importance of suspicion for AARS after surgery regardless of surgical duration or amount of head rotation.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrition education program for older adults at rural area. Eighty three adults (mean age ;55.6$\pm$11.9) participated in nutrition education program. Data collection includes serum and urine collections for health state. The impact of nutrition KAP (knowledge attitude and practice) and retention was examined among participants who were assessed at program entry 3 times of education and 1 month of follow-up. The results were as follows : The participants were composed 52 persons of under 60-year-old and 31 persons over 60 years. Of the 83 participants, 60 were females and 23 were males. Serum albumin and calcium content of females (3.5$\pm$1.2g/dl, 7.5$\pm$3.9mg/dl) were significantly lower than males(4.7$\pm$0.9g/dl, 11.2$\pm$4.6mg/dl). Serum TG and cholesterol contents of females (143$\pm$117mg/d1, 205$\pm$31mg/d1) were higher than males (101$\pm$86mg/dl, 192$\pm$19mg/dl) but not significantly different. The calcium (13.4$\pm$9.0mg/dl) and urea (743$\pm$440mg/dl) contents of urine excretion were also significantly lower in female than in males (19.7$\pm$11mg/dl, 1041 $\pm$535mg/dl). Via the question of nutrition attitude, the participants improved significantly between pre and post education (the score of pre, post and after 1 month, 6.7$\pm$1.8, 7.2$\pm$1.5, 7.2$\pm$1.8), and were also attributed to better personal feeling health by modified CMI test but food habit was not significantly improved. As the differences of age and gender groups were compared, under 60-year-old group had better nutrition practice score than over 60 years group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.386-391
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• 2017

Objective: Protein supplementation is costly and can result in excess nitrogen (N) excretion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding different levels of dietary protein on average daily gain, body size, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen excretion of 8 to 10 month-old Holstein heifers. Methods: Thirty-six Holstein heifers were divided into 12 blocks according to age ($273{\pm}6.2d$) and were randomly assigned to diets containing a low (10.2% dry matter [DM]), medium (11.9% DM), or high (13.5% DM) level of dietary crude protein (CP). All diets contained approximately 70% roughage and 30% concentrate with similar dietary metabolizable energy (ME) content (2.47 Mcal/kg). Results: Dry matter intake did not differ among the treatments, and average daily gain increased with the increasing dietary protein, 0.79, 0.95, 0.97 kg/d for low, medium, and high group, respectively. Body height increased linearly with increasing dietary CP but no other significant differences in body dimensions were found among the treatments. The increased ratios of dietary CP improved the rate of rear teat length growth remarkably (p<0.05). There was no difference in rumen pH or ruminal major volatile fatty acid (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) concentration among the 3 diets, but rumen ammonia-N concentration increased with the higher dietary CP (p<0.05). Increasing N intake led to increased total N excretion; urinary N excretion was significantly increased (p<0.05) but fecal N excretion was similar among the treatments. Conclusion: These data suggest that the diet containing 11.9% CP (ME 2.47 Mcal/kg) could meet the maintenance and growth requirements of 9 to 11 month-old Holstein heifers gaining approximately 0.9 kg/d.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.153-158
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• 2008

Objectives : This study describes a plan that was designed to prevent a measles outbreak that showed a changed outbreak pattern. This study is based on the epidemiological investigation of a measles outbreak in a preschool in Incheon, Korea, 2006. Methods : The subjects were 152 students at a preschool where a measles outbreak occurred. A questionnaire survey was conducted and serological testing for measles-specific IgM was preformed. Results : Of the fifteen confirmed, identified cases, eleven patients had been vaccinated with one dose, one patient had received two doses and three patients were unvaccinated. The three unvaccinated cases consisted of one 5-year-old child, one 3-year-old child and one 16-month-old infant. For the cases with one dose of the vaccination, there were 11 cases, which consisted of six 5-year-old children, two 4-year-old children, two 3-year-old children and one 2-year-old child. The case with two doses of the vaccination was one 4-year-old child. The attack rate of measles was 100% in the 0-dose group, 11.2% in the 1-dose group and 2.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine's efficacy was 88.8% in the 1-dose group and 98.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine effectiveness for the 2-dose group was higher than that of the 1-dose group. Conclusions : High coverage with a 2-dose vaccination should be maintained, and the vaccination should be given at the suitable time to prevent a measles outbreak with a changed outbreak pattern.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2011

The present study seeks to find the effect of oral health status that parents recognized, oral health habit and food intake on existence of decalcified teeth and decayed teeth. Participants were 293 infants aged 18-24 months who visited C dental clinic in Kyungki province between January and December 2010. Questionnaires and oral exam results were used and statistically analyzed by the SPSS program. Fisher's Exact and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The 18-20 month-old age group had the highest rate of decalcified teeth with 36.4% while the 23-24 month-old age group had the highest rate of decayed teeth with 37.0%. Bottle feeding showed correlation with decalcified teeth, and decayed teeth. Parents were able to recognize decayed teeth and decalcified teeth. Group 2 food(soda/soft drinks/sugared fruit juice) was related to decalcified teeth and decayed teeth(p<.001). Group 4 food (cake/cookies/doughnut/dried fruit/banana) and group 5food(caramel/candy/chocolate bar) were both related to decalcified teeth(p<.001). As the result of dental examination, dental treatment was highly needed for the 21-22 month-old age group(89.3%), and preventive treatment and plaque control were highly needed for the 18-20 month-old age group(94.5%). The results concluded that 18-24 months was the critical period for children's oral health, therefore organized oral health education for parents is necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.1057-1059
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• 1999

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM) is defined as an abnormal proliferation of smooth muscles in the lung tissue throughout lymphatics, vascular and bronchial structure. A 52-year-old postmenopausal woman was admitted to our hospital for recurrent pneumothorax. She was treated for medroxyprogesterone by LAM 1 month ago. We performed operation of pulmonary partial resection and pleurodesis. The patient is receiving continuous medroxyprogesterone and Leuplin administration, and currently, 6 months after the operation, is still showing good results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.953-956
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• 1994

This is a case report of superior vena cava syndrome due to thyroglossal duct cyst, which was surgically treated. The patient was 61 year old male who progressively complained exertional dyspnea for about 5 months and right ptosis, facial flushing, and nasal stuffiness for about 1 month before admission. The CT scan of the thorax revealed the right paratracheal cystic mass that compressed and displaced the trachea to leftward and SVC to rightward. The resection of the cystic mass was performed through the right posterolateral thoracotomy. The pathologic result was compatible with thyroglossal duct cyst. The postoperative status of the patient was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.209-212
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• 1995

Cystic hygroma is a cystic tumor developed by lymphatic stasis due to congenital blockage of regional lymphatic drainage. It ususally occurs at neck and axilla. However, in some cases of cervical cystic hygroma, cervical portions of the cysts may extend into the mediastinum. We experienced a case of huge cervico-mediastinal cystic tumor in 11 month old girl presenting a large fluctuating neck mass and severe respiratory distress. Surgical resection was done through combined approach of cervical incision and median sternotomy. Pathological diagnosis was confirmed to cervico-mediastinal cystic hygroma.