• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.254-259
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• 1994

Five new crown ethers containing methyl groups were synthesized. 2,3,4,5: 9,10,11,12-Dibenzo-8,8-dimethyl-15,18,1-trioxacycloeicosane, 2,3,4,5: 9,10,11,12-dibenzo-8,8-dimethyl-15,18,21,1-tetraoxacyclotricosane, 2,3,4,5 : 9,10,11,12-dibenzo-8,8-dimethyl-15,18,21,24,1-pentaoxacyclohexacosane, 2,3,4,5 : 9,10,11,12 : 22,23,24,25 : 29,30,31,32-tetrabenzo-8,8,28,28-tetramethyl-15,18,21,35,38,1-hexaoxacyclotetracontane and 2,3,4,5 : 9,10,11,12 : 25,26,27,28:32,33,34,35-tetrabenzo-8,8,31,31-tetramethyl-15,18,21,24,38,41,44,1-octaoxacyclohexatetracontane were synthesized by reaction of 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol with di-, tri-and tetraethyleneglycol ditosylate in the presence of MOH(M = Na, K). Di-, tri- and tetraethyleneglycol ditosylate were synthesized by reaction of p-toluenesulfonylchloride with diethyleneglycol, triethyleneglycol and tetraethyleneglycol in the presence of NaOH.

• Atmosphere
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.11-12
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• 2001

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to compare the agronomic characteristics and productivity of barley at paddy field of Iksan (National Honam Agricultural Experiment) from 1998 to 2001. The most fast 50% heading stage date variety was Keunalbori, Tapkolbori and Sodunchalbori, but Kinssalbori was very late as 3th May. The average dry matter (DM) content of naked and hulled barley were 37.9% and 37.1%, respectively. Saessalbori and Naehanssalbori of naked barley showed the highest in DM yield by 11,260 kg/ha and 11,160 kg/ha but the DM yield of Kinssalbori was low by 7,530 kg/ha. And Milyang 92, Keunalbori and Tapkolbori of hulled barley showed the highest in DM yield by 12,730 kg/ha, 12,320 kg/ha and 12,300 kg/ha but the DM yield of Olbori was low by 6,660 kg/ha. Acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) content of naked varieties was 30.3%, 60.8% and 65.1%, and ADF, NDF and TDN content of hulled varieties was 33.6%, 61.1% and 62.4%, respectively. And Tapkolbori showed the highest grain yield by 6,370 kg/ha. According to the results obtained from this study, it is suggested that "Milyang 92, Keunalbori and Tapkolbori" would be recommendable for fall sown barley cultivar for at paddy field in Honam region.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.121-133
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• 2014

Purpose: In this study, we analyzed the progression and prevalence of myopia according to age for the last five years. Methods: We have done a comparative analysis of the progression and prevalence of myopia with the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey document from 2008 to 2012. Results: According to classification of myopia by age group for the last five years, the prevalence of low myopia was 25.5% for 5-11ages group, 25.1% for 12-18ages, 27.3% for 19-29ages, 30.7% for 30-39ages, 29.6% for 40-49ages, 19.2% for 50-59ages, 11.8% for 60-69ages, and 20.2% for over 70ages respectively. The prevalence of moderate myopia was 21.7% for 5-11ages group, 43.6% for 12-18ages, 36.2% for 19-29ages, 30.0% for 30-39ages, 20.4% for 40-49ages, 9.9% for 50-59ages, 5.2% for 60-69ages, and 7.6% for over 70ages respectively. The prevalence of high myopia was 2.1% for 5-11ages group, 11.7% for 12-18ages, 11.5% for 19-29ages, 6.9% for 30-39ages, 5.6% for 40-49ages, 1.9% for 50-59ages, 1.5% for 60-69ages, and 1.0% for over 70ages respectively. Conclusions: We must recognize an importance to the increase of the progression and prevalence of myopia, so it is necessary to provide a social interest in prevention of deteriorating vision and eye health welfare.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2008

For prevention of E. coli related with food poisoning including diarrhea, urinal infection, peritonitis and infant septicemia, two hundreds and twelve E. coli strains(10.3%) were isolated among 2,066 seafood products in Seoul Garak fishery market from 2005 to 2007. Most strains were isolated from fishes (7.0%), shellfishes (12.8%), crustaceans (8.7%), and molluscs (11.0%) in summer. Serotypes of E. coli isolates were determined as O6, O8, O25, O26, O27, O55, O78, O126, O158, O167, and O168. Conclusively, we knew that E. coli could be contaminated in various seafood products.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.328-333
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• 2006

Many plant extracts are known to have antioxidative effects. However, their activities can be reduced or disappeared during mass production process. The purpose of this study is to compare antioxidative effects of edible plant extracts distributed in Korea. forty three kinds of edible plant extracts commercially available in Korea were selected and investigated for their total phenolics contents and antioxidative potentials(DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities). In contents of total phenolics, the commercial plant extracts from Artemisia annua(whole plant), Ilex paraguariensis(leaf, Silybum marianum(fruit and leaf, Ulmus pumila(bark), Coliolus versicolor(fruit), and Curcuma longa(root and stem) contained over 70 mg/g of powder, DPPH radical scavenging activities($SC_{50}$, 50% scavenging concentration) of A. annua, I. paraguariensis, Pinus densiflora(leaf),S. marianum, U. pumila, and C. longa were $53.96{\pm}0.81\;ppm,\;24.61{\pm}2.12\;ppm,\;35.96{\pm}1.11\;ppm,\;57.46{\pm}2.13\;ppm,\;55.25{\pm}1.65\;ppm\;and\;12.99{\pm}1.67ppm$, respectively, while that of positive control(vitamin C) was $3.86{\pm}0.81\;ppm$. $SC_{50}$ values against superoxide anion radical of A. annua, Cinnamomum zeylanicum(bark), I. paraguariensis, Rubus coreanus(fruit and leaf), Morus alba(leaf), P. densiflora, S. marianum, U. pumila, C. versicolor, C. longa, Perilla frutescens var. acuta(leaf), and H. sabdariffa(leaf and newer) were $53.21{\pm}1.83ppm,\;50.12{\pm}2.12ppm,\;5.59{\pm}0.84ppm,\;41.60{\pm}8.93ppm,\;20.19{\pm}0.97ppm,\;15.19{\pm}1.66ppm,\;21.20{\pm}1.88ppm,\;15.71{\pm}0.91ppm,\;55.48{\pm}2.42ppm,\;52.12{\pm}2.44ppm,\;23.80{\pm}1.98ppm\;and\;11.14{\pm}0.51ppm$, respectively($SC_{50}$ value of vitamin C: $9.61{\pm}0.93ppm$). In particular, both 1 paraguariensis and P. densiflora had high content of phenolics as well as high scavenging activities of DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical. Consequently, above two commercial extracts may be useful as a source of antioxidative nutraceutics.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.335-350
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• 1998

X11ARIMA is established on the basis of X11 which is one of smoothing approach in time series area and this procedure was introduced by Bureau of Census of United States and developed by Dagum(1975). This procedure had been updated and adjusted by Dagum(1988) with 174 economic index of North America and has been used until nowadays. Recently, X12ARIMA procedure has been studied by William Bell et.al. (1995) and Chen. & Findly(1995) whose approaches adapt adjusting outliers, Trend-change effects, seasonal effect, arid Calender effect. However, both of these procedures were implemented for correct adjusting the economic index of North America. This article starts with providing some appropriate and effective ARIMA model for 102 indexes produced by national statistical office in Korea; which consists of production(21), shipping(27), stock(27), and operating rate index(21). And a reasonable smoothing method will be proposed to reflect the specificity of Korean economy using several moving average model. In addition, Sulnal(lunar happy new year) and Chusuk effects will be extracted from the indexes above and both of effects reflect contribution of lunar calender effect. Finally, we will discuss an alternative way to estimate holiday effect which is similar to X12ARIMA procedure in concept of using both of ARIMA model and Regression model for the best fitness.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2003

One flavonoid, lignan glycosides and two diarylheptanoids were isolated from the sapwood of Betula maximowicziana. The structures were determined as : catechin 7-O-𝛽-D-xylopyranoside, lyoniresinol 9'-O-𝛽-D-glucopyranoside, 11-oxo-3, 8, 12, 17-tetrahydroxy-9-ene[7, 0]-metacyclophane and 11-oxo-3, 8, 9, 10, 12, 17-hexahydroxy[7, 0]-metacyclophane, respectively, on the basis of spectrosopic data and chemical correlations.

• The Science & Technology
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• no.11 s.438
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• pp.12-13
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• 2005

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2002

This study was carried out to select the promising barley cultivar for whole crop silage in paddy Held of Suwon, Iksan and Milyang from 1998 to 2001. The heading stage of barley were April 30∼May 4, April 24∼May 3 and April 17∼29 at Suwon, Iksan and Milyang, respectively. In yellow ripe stage, fresh of barley were 24.07∼29.88, 23.18∼32.07 and 17.16∼28.11 MT per ha at Suwon, Iksan and Milyang. and dry matter yield of barley were 5.78∼9.98, 6.66∼12.73 and 7.23∼11.57 MT per ha at Suwon, Iksan and Milyang, respectively. Also, total digestible nutrient(TDN) yield was 5.67∼6.57 MT per ha at Suwon and it was best before yellow ripe stage for harvest in cropping system. The promising barley cultivars for whole crop silage in paddy field were Albori at Suwon, and Milyang 92, Saessalbori, Keunalbori, Naehanssalbori at Iksan, and Keunalbori, Albori, Naehanssalbori, Saegangbori at Milyang, respectively.