• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.414-418
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• 2010

Ethyl 1-aminotetrazole-5-carboxylate (1)를 hydrazine hydrate와 반응시켜서 대응하는aminohydrazide 2를 합성한 후에, 화합물 2를carbon disulfide와 반응시켜서 1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-thiol structure 3을 합성하였다. 얻어진 화합물 3을 either chloroacetone 또는 ethyl chloroacetate와 반응시켜서S-acyl 1,3,4-oxadiazole 유도체인 4 와 5를 합성하였으며, 또한 hydrazine hydrate와 반응시켜서 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol 유도체인 6을 합성하였으며, 화합물 6을 glacial acetic acid와 반응시켜서 6-methyl-1,3,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (7)을 합성하였다. 한편, 알려진 방법에 따라서, 화합물 1로부터 tetrazolo[5,1-f]-1,2,4-triazine 9을 얻은 다음에, 화합물 9를 carbon disulfide와 반응시켜서 8-thione 유도체인 10을 합성한 후에, 대응하는 화합물 11, 12 및 13을 합성하였다. 얻어진 화합물13을 이용하여1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-d]tetrazolo[5,1-f]-1,2,4-triazines 14와 15를 합성하였다. 새롭게 합성한 화합물들의 화학구조를 확인하였으며, 합성한 화합물들에 대한 항균 활성시험을 수행하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.839-847
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• 2020

In the present study, an anaerobic microbial consortium for the degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) was selectively enriched with the co-addition of RDX and starch under nitrogen-deficient conditions. Microbial growth and anaerobic RDX biodegradation were effectively enhanced by the co-addition of RDX and starch, which resulted in increased RDX biotransformation to nitroso derivatives at a greater specific degradation rate than those for previously reported anaerobic RDX-degrading bacteria (isolates). The accumulation of the most toxic RDX degradation intermediate (MNX [hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine]) was significantly reduced by starch addition, suggesting improved RDX detoxification by the co-addition of RDX and starch. The subsequent MiSeq sequencing that targeted the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that the Sporolactobacillus, Clostridium, and Paenibacillus populations were involved in the enhanced anaerobic RDX degradation. These results suggest that these three bacterial populations are important for anaerobic RDX degradation and detoxification. The findings from this work imply that the Sporolactobacillus, Clostridium, and Paenibacillus dominant microbial consortium may be valuable for the development of bioremediation resources for RDX-contaminated environments.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 1992

Diazotized primary artomatic amines 4 coupled with the ketosulfones 1-3 in ethanol in the presence of sodium acetate at $0^\circ{C}$ to afford the corresponding bydrazones 5-7. Also diazotized 3-aminopyrazoles 14 coupled with 1-3 in ethanolic sodium acetate to give the pyrazolotriazines 18-20 in good yields. Compounds 5-7 and 18 can also be obtained from the reaction of hydraziodoyl halides 8-10 and 21 with sodium benzenesultinate. The hydrazones 11-13 can easy be oxidized to the hydrazones 5-7, using hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid.

• 정보학연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2005

In this paper, we describe a study on the relationship between photographic emulsion manufacture and hardening test of color paper. The hardener was prepared by the reaction of cyanuric chloride with sodium hydroxide, disodium hydrogenphosphate-12-water and trisodium phosphate-12-water in the presence of water. The hardener used in this study is a 2,4-dichloro-6-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine mono sodium salt. The hardening test of photographic emulsion was studied respectively at pH 5.5, 7, 8.5 and about increasing temperature. Novel hardener can be used in photo-graphic emulsion of color paper and showed very good hardening effect.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.498-504
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• 1996

The synthesis of carbon nitride thin films with high nitrgen concentration was accomplished by reactive supttering at relatively high working pressure. In conventional reactive sputter-deposition of carbon nitride films, working pressure was 0.3-5Pa and the ratio of nitrogen to carbon(N/C ratio) in the films was less than 0.5. In this study, amorphous carbon nitride films with the N/C ratio $\tickapprox$ 1.0 were prepared on Si(100). substrates at higher pressure, 20-60 Pa. Structural analyses with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the films prepared consisted of triazine-like plain network.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1181-1187
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• 2003

Condensation of 4-cyano-5,6-dimethyl-3-pyridazinone 1 with aromatic aldehydes gave the novel styryl derivatives 2a-c. Refluxing of compound 2a with phosphorus oxychloride furnished 3-chloropyridazine derivative 3. Compound 3 was reacted with thiourea and produced pyridazine-3(2H)thione 4. Thieno[2,3-c]- pyridazines 5a-e were achieved by cycloalkylation of compound 4 with halocompounds in methanol under reflux and in the presence of sodium methoxide. Also, refluxing of compound 4 with N-substituted chloroacetamide in the presence of potassium carbonate afforded thienopyridazines 6a-e. Cyclization of compound 6 with some electrophilic reagents as carbon disulfide and triethyl orthoformate furnished the novel pyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno[2,3-c]pyridazines 12 and 13a-c, respectively. Diazotisation of compound 6 with sodium nitrite in acetic acid produced the pyridazino[4',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-d][1,2,3]triazines 14a-c. Ternary condensation of compound 1, aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile in ethanol containing piperidine under reflux afforded the novel phthalazines 16a-c. Compound 3 was subjected to some nucleophilic substitution reactions with amines and sodium azide and formed the aminopyridazines 17a, b and tetrazolo[1,5-b]-pyridazine 19, respectively. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by elemental and spectral analyses.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1976-1980
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• 2010

A simple and reliable method has been developed to selectively separate and concentrate trace amounts of Fe(III) ions from water and food samples by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A new reagent, 5-hydroxy-4-ethyl-5,6-di-pyridin-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-2H-[1,2,4] triazine-3-thione, was synthesized and characterized by using FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Effects of pH, concentration and volume of elution solution, sample flow rate, sample volume and interfering ions on the recovery of Fe(III) were investigated. The optimum pH was found to be 5. Eluent for quantitative elution was 10 mL of 2 M HCl. The preconcentration factor of the method, detection limit (3s/b, ${\mu}gL^{-1}$) and relative standard deviation values were found to be 25, 4.59 and 1%, respectively. In order to verify the accuracy of the method, two certified reference materials (TMDA 54.4 lake water and SRM 1568a rice flour) were analyzed. The results obtained were in good agreement with the certified values. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Fe(III) ions in water and food samples.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2002

A bench-scale anoxic membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, consisting of a bioreactor coupled to a ceramic crossflow ultrafiltration module, was evaluated to treat a synthetic wastewater containing alkaline hydrolysis byproducts (hydrolysates) of RDX, The wastewater was formulated the same as RDX hydrolysates, and consisted of acetate, formate, formaldehyde as carbon sources and nitrite, nitrate as electron accepters. The MBR system removed 80 to 90% of these carbon sources, and approximately 90% of the stoichiometric amount of nitrate, 60% of nitrite. The reactor was also operated over a range of transmembrane pressures, temperatures, suspended solids concentration, and organic loading rate in order to maximize treatment efficiency and permeate flux. Increasing transmembrane pressure and temperature did not improve membrane flux significantly. Increasing biomass concentration in the bioreactor decreased the permeate flux significantly. The maximum volumetric organic loading rate was $0.72kg\;COD/m^3/day$, and the maximum F/M ratio was 0.50 kg N/kg MLSS/day and 1.82 kg COD/kg MLSS/day. Membrane permeate was clear and essentially free of bacteria, as indicated by heterotrophic plate count. Permeate flux ranged between 0.15 and $2.0m^3/m^2/day$ and was maintained by routine backwashing every 3 to 4 day. Backwashing with 2% NaOCl solution every fourth or fifth backwashing cycle was able to restore membrane flux to its original value.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2000

이연구는 물리화학적 환경요인에 따른 TNT 분해 세균에 의한 s-triazine 계열의 atrazine과 simazine의 분해를 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. TNT 분해세균은 atrazine과 simazine에 대해서도 높은 분해능을 나타내었다. Atrazine(<50 mg/l)과 simazine(<15 mg/l) 은 각각 30시간과 4일의 배양기간중에 완전히 분해되었다. 배양내에서 atrazine과 simazine 의 농도가 증가함에 따라 이들의 분해는 지연되었다. 부가 탄소원은 atrazine과 simazine의 분해를 위하여 필수적이었으며 부가 탄소원이 없는 상태에서는 분해되지 않았다. Atrazine 과 simazine의 분해에서 부가 질소원의 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. Atrazine이나 simazine을 포함하는 생장배지에 부가 질소원이 첨가된 뱅야에서 배양기간동안 이들 제초제는 일부만 문해되었다. 그러나 부가 질소원이 첨가되지 않은 배양에서 atrazine과 simazine은 완전히 분해되지 않았다. 이 연구에서 효모추출물의 첨가는 atrazine과 simazine의 분해를 억제하였 다. TNT 분해세균은 작은 그람 음성의 간균이었다. BIOLOG system을 이용한 생리학적 분 석으로 이 균주는 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia로 동정되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.599-602
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• 2005

The aromatic fluorination method involving the acid-catalyzed decomposition of a triazene in an ionic liquid is a very convenient and efficient way to prepare a variety of aromatic fluorides in a lab-scale. It should be particularly useful for the preparation aryl fluorides substituted with electron withdrawing substituents. Fluorination of triazene 1 (1.0 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (1.2 mmol) in an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][$BF_4$], 2.5 mL) proceeds very smoothly at 80 ${^{\circ}C}$ with or without an external source of fluoride, providing 73% yield in 30 min. Unlike diazonium salts, triazene precursors are stable enough to be stored for a long period of time without a noticeable decomposition.