• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2013

A total of 301 samples of bovine liver, spleen and omasum were collected from butchers and restaurants in Gwangju, Korea during 2012 and all samples were subjected to bacteriological examination and antibiotic residues. Also, this study was performed to survey the consciousness for hygiene of livestock workers who are handling bovine by-products in Gwangju. The detection rate of aerobic plate count (APC) was higher in summer than in other seasons in all by-products (P=0.000). The detection rate of E. coli count was lower in the liver than the spleen and omasum (P=0.000). Twenty four of the samples (8.0%) were contaminated with S. aureus while one spleen sample (0.3%) was contaminated with L. monocytogenes and finally 10 (3.3%) of the liver and omasum samples were contaminated with Cl. perfringens. Five of the twenty-four S. aureus isolates harbored enterotoxin gene. However, the cpe gene of Cl. perfingens was not detected among any of the 10 isolates. Antibiotic residues were not detected in the liver samples. The consciousness survey's results showed that most of them (58.8%) were safe.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2018

Objectives: The object of this paper is to analyze difference of general and occupational characters, risk exposure and ill health symptom depending on the special type of employment. Methods: 50,007 participants from Fourth Korean Working Condition Survey conducted in 2014 was analyzed. Cross-tabulation analysis was conducted for deriving difference in general and occupational characters, mulitvariate logistic regression analysis was conducted after controlling general and occupational characters for deriving difference in risk exposure and ill health symptom depending on the special type of employment. Results: In the special type of employment, female, ages of 50, education levels of high school, monthly income of 2,000-3,000 thousand won, job types of sales person, enterprises of less than 100 workers, working duration of 2-10 years and long working hours worker's proportion was higher than general employment. Physical(OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.94) and ergonomic (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42-0.55) risk exposure was lower, psychological(OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.54-2.04) risk exposure was higher than general employment, and there was no significant difference between the special type of employment and general employment in chemical/biological risk exposure(OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94-1.20) and ill health symptom(OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.89-1.09). Conclusions: This article offers the analysing difference between the special type of employment and general employment using huge size cross sectional data represent Korean employees.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.426-431
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• 2016

근래 조선소의 해양 프로젝트 비중이 증가함에 따라 작업 안전 환경과 공정 모니터링에 대한 요구 사항이 강화되고 있다. 이에 주요 조선소에서는 IT 기술을 접목하여 공정을 실시간으로 모니터링하고 작업자의 안전을 위해 작업 환경을 감지하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 조선소의 안벽 공정은 진수 후 안벽에 다수의 선박을 계류하고 선박 내부에서 의장 시스템 등의 마무리 공사 위주로 진행되며, 동시에 1,000여명 이상이 투입되어 진행되므로 인원의 관리와 안전 환경의 관리에 어려움이 많다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 안벽에서의 안전 작업을 위한 작업 환경을 모니터링하고 공정 진행 상황을 감지하기 위한 시스템의 개념 설계를 수행하였다. 현장 적용성을 높이기 위해 초기 투자비와 유지 운영비를 고려하여 6가지 구성 요소로 전체 시스템을 구성하였으며, 조선소 현장의 통신 환경을 고려하여 Wi-Fi와 LoRa 통신을 혼용하였고 현장에서의 데이터 송수신 기초 실험을 통해 그 적용성을 확인하였다. 설계된 시스템의 적용을 통해 안벽에 계류된 선박의 작업에 투입된 인원 현황, 작업 구역별 안전 현황을 실시간으로 감지하고 이를 기반으로 위험 상황 발생 시 단계별 알람을 발생하여 신속한 대피 및 대처가 가능하도록 함으로써 인명 손실 및 피해를 최소화 할 수 있다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.294-302
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the wage structure of hospital nurses in Korea and to analyze the factors that determine the level of nurses' wages. Methods: First, a mobile survey on nurses' wages was conducted with a total of 3,742 nurses working in hospitals. A literature review was also done. Second, a regression model was applied to analyze the determinants of nurses' wages. Results: The average monthly wage of 3,742 nurses based on the survey was KRW 3,588,000 and the standardized monthly income of 3,742 nurses was estimated to be KRW 3,364,000 as of the end of 2018. The results of regression analysis(R²=61.7%) showed that gender, nursing experience, designated night duty, ownership, and number of beds were statistically significant variables for nurses' wages at 1% significance level. The monthly wage of nurses working in total nursing care wards was not significantly different from those working in other wards at 5% significance level. Conclusion: The substantial difference in nurses' wages according to job career, hospital size, region, etc may result in the low proportion of nurses with more than three to five years of service experience and the high turnover of less-experienced workers. Consideration should be given to adjust the gap in wage level and a standard nurse wage system could be effective measures.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2018

치과진료 환경은 병원 미생물에 쉽게 노출되어 종사자의 감염 위험성은 매우 높다. 그중 손은 감염의 중요한 매개가 되므로 손위생은 감염 위험성을 낮추기 위한 가장 중요하고 기본적인 방법이다. 이에 치과진료 과목을 세분화하여 교정치과 진료실의 손위생과 건강신념간의 관련성을 연구하였다. 손위생과 건강신념간의 차이 분석 결과 손 위생 관리 중요도와 손 위생 교육 경험은 유의한 관계를 보였다(p=0.010)(p=0.000). 건강신념에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석 결과 손 위생 관리 중요도(p=0.014), 손 위생 교육 경험(p=0.010)은 유의하게 영향을 미치는 요인이었다. 치과 감염에 대한 관심이 증대되면서 기본적인 방법인 손 씻기의 중요성이 더욱 높아질 것을 예상 할 때 감염관리 교육은 건강신념을 확립하는데 높은 관련성이 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2021

본 연구는 최근 고층 건축물의 외장 마감으로 사용되는 커튼월 중, 유니트 커튼월 방식의 양중 문제 해결을 위하여 커튼월의 수직부재인 멀리온을 레일로 활용하고자 하였다. 커튼월 멀리온의 레일 적용에 따른 양중 가능 여부는 Mock-Up Test의 진행을 통해 20m/sec의 풍속에도 양중이 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 비교를 위해 선정된 현장 기준으로 공사 기간은 약 20% 단축이 가능하며 투입 인원은 약 33%를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 분석되었으며, 10,000㎡의 설치를 가정하면 80% 이상의 시공비용 절감이 가능한 공법으로 판단된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) in polyurethane coated gloves(PU-gloves) and to assess the dermal exposure generated by wearing them. Methods: We analyzed the concentrations of DMF in 12 gloves by EN16778 standard. The samples cut into pieces of about 10 by 10 mm and extracted with methanol in flask in an ultrasonic bath at 70℃. An aliquot of the extract is analyzed with GC-MS. The dose of dermal exposure was calculated by ECETOC TRA consumer 3.1 and compared with derived no effect level(DNEL) for systemic effects due to long term exposure by workers. The extracted amount of DMF by saline solution was compared with that by EN16778 standard. Results: The mean concentration of DMF in PU-gloves was 1,377 mg/kg(range 13~3,948 mg/kg). The concentration of DMF showed significantly differences by packing type, manufacturer, and price(p<0.05). The dose of dermal exposure was 0.0007~0.572 mg/kg body weight/day when the DMF content was 10~4,000 mg/kg. The DMF extracted by saline solution was around 11% for 8 hours. Conclusions: The risk of dermal exposure due to the residual DMF in the PU-gloves was not signifiant. But, the limit of 1,000 mg/kg in PU-gloves can be recommended for international standard and trading systems.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2022

Background: In Brazil, asbestos was intensively used from the 1960s until its ban in 2017. Mesothelioma, asbestosis, and pleural plaques are typical asbestos-related diseases (ARD-T). To create an ARD-T national database, death records from 1996-2017 were retrieved from several health information systems (HIS). Methods: All national HIS containing coded diagnoses (ICD-10) and death information were obtained. Linkage was performed to create a single database of ARD-T death records, either as underlying or contributory causes, in adults aged 30 years and older. Results: A total of 3,057 ARD-T death records were found, 2,405 (76.4%) of which being malignant mesotheliomas (MM). Pleural MM (n = 1,006; 41.8%) and unspecified MM (n = 792; 32.9%) prevailed. Male to female MM ratio (M:F) was 1.4:1, and higher ratios were found for non-malignant ARD-T: 3.5:1 for asbestosis and 2.4:1 for pleural plaques. Male crude annual mesothelioma mortality (CM_mm ×1,000,000) was 0.98 in 1996 and 2.26 in 2017, a 131.1% increment, while for females it was 1.04 and 1.25, a 20.2% increase, correspondingly. The small number of deaths with asbestosis and pleural plaques records precluded conclusive interpretations. Conclusions: Even with the linkage of several HIS, ARD-T in death records remained in low numbers. MM mortality in men was higher and showed a rapid increase and, along with non-malignant ARD-T, higher M:F ratios suggested a predominant pattern of work-related exposure. The monitoring of workplace and environmental asbestos exposure needs to be improved, as well as the workers surveillance, following the recent Brazilian ban.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2022

Generally, in construction sites, the pipe support installation workers often use support pins of 9~10 mm which are much smaller than the safety standard sizes for work convenience. Although the safety certification standard thickness of the support pins is 11 mm, and the supervisors are often indifferent to this. Hence, products with far lower performance than the pipe support safety certification value of 40,000 N, which is applied in the supporting post-structural review, are used. Accordingly, this acts as a factor causing collapse accidents in the process of pouring concrete at the construction site. Therefore, this study performed compression experiments on new and reused pipe supports to determine how the thickness of the support pins affects the structural compression performance of the pipe support by considering the thickness of the support pins as a critical variable among various factors affecting the pipe support performance. In the course of the study, the compression test of the pipe support (V2, V4) for the new products showed that only 14 (58.3%) of the total 24 samples satisfied the safety certification standard value of 40,000 N, which indicates that more thorough quality control is required in the manufacturing process. Additionally, comparing the thickness of the support pins and their fracture shape shows that the pipes with support length of 4.0 m or longer are much more affected by the buckling of the entire length than the thickness of the support pins. Of the several factors affecting the performance of reused pipe supports, it was found that, similar to the new products, the use of support pins, with thickness of 12 mm rather than 11 mm, can satisfy the safety certification value more appropriately. Therefore, regardless of the state of usage, it could be concluded that it is necessary to use 12 mm products, whose thickness is larger than that of the safety certification standard value of 11 mm, to improve the performance of the pipe supports.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2023

Purpose: Eating behaviors are influenced by food environments, such as availability and/or accessibility of healthy food options. In this study, we examined the relationship between healthy eating-out options and the intention to eat healthily in adults residing in Daqing, China, using an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: Data were collected via an online survey conducted from April to May 2021 using a previously validated questionnaire in Daqing. A total number of 308 subjects aged 18-64, either Daqing oilfield workers or their family members were eligible and finally included in the analysis. The relationships among the attributes and the quality of healthy eating-out options, the three major constructs of TPB, and the intentions of healthy eating were examined using multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Subjective norms (p = 0.049) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) (p = 0.000) were significantly related to the healthy eating intention. The quality and attributes of the food served statistically significantly explained the intention to eat healthily. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index, not the quality but the attributes of food served (p = 0.037), subjective norms (p = 0.016), and PBC (p = 0.000) had a significant relationship with the intention to eat healthily. The model explained 83.7% of the variance. Conclusion: The healthy eating-out choices, along with subjective norms and PBC of TPB, may be a potential determinant of healthy eating intention among Chinese adults living in Daqing, China. Policy implications have highlighted that not only the personal intention to eat healthy foods, but also the available healthy food environment may be important for the choice of healthy options by the population of interest. Therefore, building an environment for healthy eating choices and campaigns aimed at increasing consumer awareness of healthy eating are equally important for a smart eating choice.