• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 1992

To investigate the growth effect of branched oligosaccharides on the principal intestinal microorganisms, Bifdobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia, Eubactemum, Enterucoccus, Staphylococcus and Bacteroides were cultivated on a medium containing branched oligosaccharides and panose. B. adolescentis, B. logum and L. aciduphilus grew effectively on the medium containing panose, while C. pe@igens, C. paraputrificum, Bac. fragilis and S. aurezds did not. The content of panose decreased greatiy in the culture broth of branched oligosaccharides of B, adolescentis, but it remained in the culture of C. perfringens. The results indicated that panose was consumed effectively by B. adolescentis, but not utilized by C. perfringens. 3. adolescentis still grew on the panose remained in the broth of mixed cultivation of B. adolescentis and C. perfn'ngens. Therefore, panose and branched oligosaccharides seem to promote selectively the growth of B. adolescentis in the human intestine.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.280-287
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• 2015

Probiotics are microbial food supplements or components of bacteria which have traditionally been added to dairy foods for extra health boost. Our aim was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis SPM0212 as probiotics, which we previously found has potential anti-hepatitis B virus activity. The study was conducted using Wistar albino rats and probiotics were treated orally for 9 days consecutively and acute liver injury was induced by administration of carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) on the 7th and 8th days. Liver damage was assessed by quantifying serum activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), as well as by histopathological examination. B. adolescentis SPM0212 significantly prevented the elevation of SGOT and SGPT levels, and reduced the negative effect of $CCl_4$ on body and organ weights. Histopathological study revealed the livers of the carbon tetrachloride treated rats showed almost complete loss of normal hepatocyte architecture, but that rats treated with B. adolescentis SPM0212 showed minimal damage and normal hepatocyte architecture. Our results suggest that B. adolescentis SPM0212 be considered useful probiotics for protecting the liver from xenobiotics and hepatitis B virus, and as well as useful as a functional food for maintaining human health.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1904-1915
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• 2019

Resistant starch (RS) is metabolized by gut microbiota and involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids, which are related to a variety of physiological and health effects. Therefore, the availability of RS as a prebiotic is a topic of interest, and research on gut bacteria that can decompose RS is also important. The objectives in this study were 1) to isolate a human gut bacterium having strong degradation activity on non-gelatinized RS, 2) to characterize its RS-degrading characteristics, and 3) to investigate its probiotic effects, including a growth stimulation effect on other gut bacteria and an immunomodulatory effect. Bifidobacterium adolescentis P2P3 showing very strong RS granule utilization activity was isolated. It can attach to RS granules and form them into clusters. It also utilizes high-amylose corn starch granules up to 63.3%, and efficiently decomposes other various types of commercial RS without gelatinization. In a coculture experiment, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29148, isolated from human feces, was able to grow using carbon sources generated from RS granules by B. adolescentis P2P3. In addition, B. adolescentis P2P3 demonstrated the ability to stimulate secretion of Th1 type cytokines from mouse macrophages in vitro that was not shown in other B. adolescentis. These results suggested that B. adolescentis P2P3 is a useful probiotic candidate, having immunomodulatory activity as well as the ability to feed other gut bacteria using RS as a prebiotic.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of consuming goat milk on the bacterial counts (colony forming units [CFU]) in adult women and to evaluate the carbohydrate fermentation capacity of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli isolated from their feces. Adult women who consumed goat milk (treatment group) had relatively higher CFU of bifidobacteria than did the control group, and the difference was significant (p<0.05) after 8 weeks. In total, 13 strains isolated from the feces of women in the treatment group were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing as Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. longum, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. dentium, and Lactobacillus sakei. Similarly, 12 strains isolated from the feces of women in the control group included B. adolescentis, B. longum, L. ruminis, L. sakei, and B. pseudocatenulatum. All isolated bifidobacteria and lactobacilli fermented goat milk oligosaccharide and lactulose. All 7 strains of B. adolescentis fermented fructooligosaccharides, and 3 of the 4 B. pseudocatenulatum strains, 2 of the 3 L. sakei strains, and 1 of the 7 B. longum strains fermented fructooligosaccharides.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.106-111
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• 2001

A ${\beta}-galactosidase$ gene of Bifidobacterium adolescentis Int57 (INT57) was cloned using the shotgun method. The sequence of the ${\beta}-galactosidase$ gene existing in the sequenced 3,260-bp fragment showed higher than 40% homology with other bacterial ${\beta}-galactosidase$ genes. The expression in Escherichia coli suggested that the ${\beta}-galactosidase$ might have a monomeric, dimeric, or tetrameric protein structure. This is probably the first peer-reviewed sequence analysis of the ${\beta}-galactosidase$ gene of the genus Bifidobacterium.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1998

To study the oxygen tolerance mechanism of bifidobacteria, we have studied the growth of cells, the activities of the enzymes which were related with oxygen, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD), NADH oxidase, and NADH peroxidase, and cellular fatty acid compositions of Bifidobacterium adolescentis and B. longum under anaerobic and aerated (microaerobic and aerobic) conditions. B. longum grew relatively well under the microaerobic conditions, whereas the growth of B. adolescentis was inhibited under the same aerated conditions. B. adolescentis had extremely low level of NADH oxidative enzymes while B. longum had the relatively high level of NADH oxidative enzymes, whose activities were dramatically increased from 3.7 to 11.4 times by microaerobic condition but not in B. adolescentis. The activity of SOD was unexpectedly high in B. adolescentis compared with in B. longum under anaerobic and aerated conditions. The activities of catalase were not detected in all samples tested in this study. We also found that normal $C_{l6:0}$ and $C_{18:1}$ were the major fatty acids in B. adolescentis and B. longum under anaerobic and aerated conditions. 2.2-14.1% $C_{l9:0}$ cyclo fatty acid was detected only in B. longum and the fatty acid was increased by the addition of the aeration. The $C_{l9:0}$ cyclic fatty acid was identified as a cis 9, 10-methylene octadecanoic acid, which was different from lactobacillic acid in the cyclized site. 6.6%-24.6% of dimethyl acetals (DMA) which came from plasmalogen were observed in the B. adolescentis and B. longum grown under anaerobic condition, and the components were notably decreased in the cells grown under the aerated conditions. It is believed that NADH oxidative enzymes play an important role to detoxify oxygen metabolites of Bifidobacteriurn spp. under anaerobic and microaerobic conditions. Independently from oxidative enzymes, it seems that oxygen stress may induce the change of the level of cellular fatty acids showing an increase of $C_{l9:0}$ cyclo in B. longum and a decrease of $C_{l8:1}$ of plasmalogen in B. longum and B. adolescentis to adapt in environment.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.388-395
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• 2002

The growth of enterobacteria, Bifidobacteriurn adolescentis KCTC 3216 was promoted by natural products bearing antioxidative capacity and combined two, three and four kinds of them. B. adolescentis was showed a good growth by Sophorae flos, Phellodendri cofex, Mori cortex radicis, Aurantii nobilis pericarpium, Angelicae gigantis radix, alone, and two mixed combinations were composed of Paeonia japonica and Theae foiium, Epimedii herba and Angelicae gigantis radix, Paeonia japonica and epimedii herba, Atractylodis rhizoma alba and angelicae gigantis radix, and three mixed combinations were oraganized with Theae folium, Paeonia japonica and epimedii herba, Theae folium, Beiamcanda chinensis and Paeonia japonica, Theae foiium, Astragaii radix and Mori cortex radicis, and four mixed combinations were formed with Seiamcanda chinensis, Angelicae gigantis radix, Epimedii herba, Theae folium, and Angeiicae gigantis radix, Epimedii herba, Paeonia japonica, Theae folium, and Epimedii herba, Paeonia japonica, Sophorae flos, Theae folium. The best four mixed combination for the growth of B. adolescentis was mixture of Epimedii herba, Paeonia iaponica, Sophorae flow and Theae foiium, which promoted 2.6 times than that of control, and its antioxidative capacity was also 5.6 times higher, and the ratio of elimination of hydroxyl radical was more than 80% in each dilution rate. As these combinations of natural products will activate some parts of body, they may be applied to pharmaceuitcal applications, functional foods, antiaging tea, also expected to promote useful entero bacterial growth for fermentative beverage bearing multifunction.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1222-1226
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• 2020

Lactobacillus reuteri NK33 (NK33) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis NK98 (NK98) alleviate immobilization stress-induced depression. To understand the gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms of NK33 and NK98 against depression, we examined their effects on Escherichia coli K1 (K1)-induced depression and gut dysbiosis in mice. NK33, NK98, and their mixtures (1:1, 4:1, and 9:1) mitigated K1-induced depression and colitis. NK33 and NK98 additively or synergistically increased BDNF⁺/NeuN⁺ cell population and suppressed NF-κB action in the hippocampus. They alleviated gut dysbiosis by reducing the Proteobacteria population and increasing the Clostridia population. These results suggest that NK33 and NK98 may alleviate depression and colitis by ameliorating gut dysbiosis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.388-394
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• 2005

In order to investigate the distribution of dominant Bifidobacterium species in intestinal microflora of Korean adults and seniors, SDS-PAGE profiles of whole cell proteins were used for the identification of bifidobacteria. To confirm the reliability of SDS-PAGE, the Bifidobacterium species identified by SDS-PAGE of whole cell proteins were validated by using 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The results of SDS­PAGE corresponded well with those determined by the analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing. Based on the analysis of SDS-PAGE patterns on unidentified fecal strains which showed positive in fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase activity, B. adolescentis, B. longum, and B. bifidum were identified in the feces of adults, and B. adolescentis, B. longum, B. bifidum, B. breve, and B. dentium were identified in those of seniors. In most of the fecal samples tested, the predominant Bifidobacterium species consisted of only a few species, and differences in the distribution and numbers of Bifidobacterium species were observed between adults and seniors. B. adolescentis and B. longum were found to be the most common species in feces of adults, but not in seniors. Accordingly, the distribution and abundance of bifidobacteria in the human intestinal microflora varied depending on the age of hosts.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2000

Methanol extracts of 27 Brazilian plant samples and 10 oriental medicinal plant samples (27 families), using spectrophotometric and paper disc agar diffusion methods under anaerobic conditions, were tested in vitro for their growth-inhibiting activities against Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacteroides fragilis. The responses varied with bacterial strains, plant species, and tissues sampled. In a test with B. longum and B. bifidum(20 mg/disc), extracts of Acanthopanax sessilifolinus stem bark and Ampelozizyphus amazonicus leaves strongly inhibited the growth of B. longum, whereas other plant samples did not inhibit any intestinal bacteria tested. At 5 mg/disc, adding extracts of Aralia eleta, Euterpe oleracea, and Syzygium guineense to the media strongly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens and B. fragilis without growth inhibition of B. adolescentis, B. longum, and B. bifidum. Extracts of Jacaranda mimosifolia and Ulmus paraifolia significantly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens and B. fragilis as well as B. adolescentis. These results may be indications of at least one of the pharmacological actions of the five Brazilian plants but not oriental medicinal plants tested.