• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.580-585
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• 1999

Neurilemmoma is a benign nerve sheath tumor derived from Schwann cells and occurs in the head, neck, flexor regions of the extremities, posterior mediastinum but extremely rare in the chest wall. They occur at all ages but are most common in persons between the ages of 20 and 50 years and develop spontaneously or possible as a result of trauma or irritation. The diagnosis of a neurilemmoma is confirmed histologically by the findings of Verocay bodies, Antoni A and B tissue patterns and the presence of S-100 protein. We experienced a case of chest wall neurilemmoma which was treated by local excision and report it with a brief review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.275-278
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• 2009

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare malignant tumor. Yet tumors of a smooth muscle origin are the most common primary neoplasms of the major veins, and the inferior vena cava is the most common site of origin. We report here on a 65-year-old female patient who had been suffering from dyspnea and abdominal discomfort for 3 weeks before admission. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and IVC cavogram showed an IVC mass extending from the right atrium to above the level of the right renal vein, obstructing the IVC, and the radiological findings were suggestive of an IVC leiomyosarcoma. We resected the tumor and reconstructed the IVC with a patch PTFE graft. The follow-up abdominal CT revealed no recurrence and obstruction of the IVC for 6 months after the operation.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

Contrast media may cause tissue injury by extravasation during intravenous automated injection during CT examination. Here, we present a study in which contrast media extravasation was detected and localized in the neck and thorax by three-dimensional(3D) CT data reformation. The CT studies of the extavasation site were performed using a 3D software program with four different display techniques axial, multi planar reformation(MPR), maximum intensity projection(MIP), and volume rendering displays are currently available for reconstructing MDCT data. 3D image reconstructions provide accurate views of high-resolution imaging. This paper introduces extravasation with the MDCT and 3D reformation findings of contrast media extravasation in neck ant thorax. The followed injection of the external jugular vein into an existing intravenous catheter and a large volume of extravasation was demonstrated on by 3D MDCT.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2007

Tuberculosis remains as a major public health problem worldwide. In addition to classic pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculosis may sometimes present atypically. In the case of atypical tuberculosis, the unusual sites and properties that mimic other diseases can lead to a misdiagnosis and therapeutic delay. Abdominal and pharyngeal tuberculosis are uncommon extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis. To the best of our knowledge, a combination of abdominal and pharyngeal tuberculosis with endobronchial tuberculosis has not been reported. We report a case of concurrent abdominal and pharyngeal tuberculosis in a patient with chronic endobronchial tuberculosis mimicking a metastatic malignancy on computed tomography and FDG-PET.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2018

A 70-year-old female diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated by pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) and adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy with 5-fluorouracil. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma pT3N0 (stage IIA) was pathologically confirmed. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings 14 months after PPPD showed 10 mm sized solitary liver metastasis in segment 3. After 12 cycles of gemcitabine and 9 cycles of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin, the metastatic nodule increased in size to 27 mm. Tumorectomy at segment 3 of liver was done. 25 months after tumorectomy, chest CT showed 23 mm sized cavitary nodule in right upper lobe of lung. The result of percutaneous biopsy favored metastatic adenocarcinoma. Two sets of stereotactic body radiation therapy were done and the patient has survived without further disease progression for 6 years after initial diagnosis. This case suggests that selected population of recurrent pancreatic cancer patients with solitary liver or pulmonary metastasis can be treated by resection of metastatic site and ablative therapies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.599-603
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• 2004

Primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma is a lethal and rare cardiac neoplasm of mesodermal origin. Most cases are associated with history of pericarditis with constriction and/or tamponade. Authors experienced a case of primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma in a 55-year old female who had suffered from dyspnea and chest pain. Pericardial nodules revealed intense uptake by FDG-PET scan and confirmed as primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma by thoracoscopic biopsy. Here we report this case with a brief review of the relevant literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.619-625
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• 2022

In the field of imaging medicine, computed tomography is one of the most common test methods and one of the most frequently used test methods in hospitals. However, it is accompanied by a very high radiation exposure compared to other test methods. In order to reduce exposure, CT scans should be performed only when absolutely necessary, and even if the tests are performed because they are absolutely necessary, a protocol that serves the purpose of the test and allows the test to be performed in a small dose should be used. In this study, we wanted to learn about the most up-to-date radiation dose usage information used by the region's leading general hospitals and develop a diagnostic reference level (DRL). In the experimental results, the Head CT and Abdomen CT tests showed that DLP was higher than the NRPB (U.K) and Korean DRL. The DLP values used by Chest CT were low for all 3 types of CT devices. The hospital found that efforts to reduce exposure should be made during CT examinations, and in particular, Head CT and Abdomen CT determined that efforts to reduce exposure were necessary.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.264-279
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• 1997

Background : To analyze the morphologic characteristics of low density lymph node in etiologic differentiation of lymphadenopathy, emphasizing the different features between tuberculosis and lung cancer, on contrast enhanced CT scan. Method : A total of 64 patients who showed low density lymph nodes on chest CT scan were analyzed. Primary causes were tuberculosis (n=28), lung cancer (n=27), malignant lymphoma (n=5) and metastasis from extrathoracic malignancies (n=4). CT scan was performed with 10mm slice thickness and 7 characteristic features were evaluated : location, size, presence or absence of the nonnecrotic lymph node, calcification, perinodal fat obliteration, thickness and evenness of the enhancing rim. Results : In patients with tuberculous lymphadenopathy, lymph nodes with uneven (68.0%) and thick (62.1%) enhancing rim were more common than lung cancer (p<0.05). Low density lymph nodes with less than 1 cm in size were found only in tuberculous lymphadenopathy(n=10). In 48.2% of patients with lung cancer, more than 1 nonnecrotic enlarged lymph node were coexisted, whereas 21.4% in patients with tuberculous lymphadenopathy(p=0.06). However, the size, location and calcification were not statistically significant between tuberculous lymphadenopathy and lung cancer. Conclusion : Tuberculous lymphadenopathy is strongly suggested when enhancing rim of enlarged lymph nodes is uneven and thick, when the coexisting nonnecrotic lymph nodes are few in number and when central low density is encountered in normal sized lymph nodes.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.457-463
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• 2008

Background: The attenuation of the lung parenchyma increases on expiration as a consequence of decreased air in the lung. Expiratory CT scans have been used to show air trapping in patients with chronic airway disease and diffuse parenchymal disease and also in asymptomatic smokers. Although there have been several reports investigating the regional air trapping on a expiratory CT scan, there have been only a few reports evaluating the changes of whole lung attenuation with considering its clinical significance, and especially in healthy subjects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of an expiratory increase of lung attenuation with age and smoking in healthy subjects. Methods: Asymptomatic subjects who underwent a low dose chest CT scan as part of a routine check-up and who showed normal spirometry and a normal inspiratory CT scan were recruited for this study. We excluded the subjects with significant regional air trapping seen on their expiratory CT scan. Lung attenuation was measured at 24 points of both the inspiratory and expiratory CT scans, respectively, for 100 subjects. The correlations between an expiratory increase of the lung attenuation and the amount of smoking, the patient's age and the results of spirometric test were assessed. Results: There were 87 men and 13 women included in this study. Their median age was 49.0 years old (range:25~71). Sixty current smokers, 24 ex-smokers and 16 non-smokers were included. As age increased, the expiratory increase of lung attenuation was reduced at every measuring points (r=-0.297~-0.487, Pearson correlation). The statistical significance was maintained after controlling for the effect of smoking. Smoking was associated with a reduction of the expiratory increase of lung attenuation. But the significance was reduced after controlling for the patient's age. The $FEV_1$, FVC, $FEV_1/FVC$ and $FEF_{25{\sim}75%}$ were not associated with an expiratory increase of lung attenuation. Conclusion: The expiratory increase of lung attenuation in subjects with a normal inspiratory CT scan was negatively correlated with age. It was also reduced in heavy smokers. It may reflect aging and the smoking related changes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.388-393
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• 1999

Background: Correct preoperative staging of esophageal cancer is a prerequisite for adequate treatment. We prospectively compared the accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) with [fluorine-18]FDG in the staging of esophageal cancer to that of computed tomography (CT). Material and Method: The findings of FDG PET and of chest CT including lower neck and the upper abdomen of 20 biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma patients (male, 19; female, 1; mean age, 61) were compared with the pathologic findings obtained from a curative esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. Result: The sensitivities of FDG PET and CT for diagnosis of primary tumor were the same, 90.0% (18/20). Both FDG PET and CT failed to show the primary tumor in 2 of 20 patients; one had a 1cm sized carcinoma in situ and the other had T1 stage cancer. By using the results of the pathologic examinations of 193 removed lymph node groups, we calculated the diagnostic sensitivities, specificities and accuracies of PET and CT (*$\chi$2 p < 0.005). Sensitivity** Specificity Accuracy* PET 55.6%(30/54) 97.1%(135/139) 85.5%(165/193) CT 13.0%(7/54) 98.6%(137/139) 74.6%(144/193) One of four patients with a false-positive for PEThad had active pulmonary tuberculosis. Among the 24 tumor involved lymph node groups, PET failed to show tumor metastasis in 5 lymph node groups abutting the tumor and in 14 lymph node groups located where the decay correction was not performed. Conclusion: Based on the above findings, it is suggested that [F-18]FDG-PET is superior to CT in the detection of nodal metastases and in the staging of patients with esophageal cancer.