• 산림경영
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• s.148
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• pp.54-55
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• 2001

산림청 임업연구원(원장 서승진)은 몬트리올의정서에서 오존층 파괴물질로 지정되어 2005년부터 세계적으로 사용이 금지되게 되는 훈증농약인 메틸브로마이드(Methyl Bromide : MB)를 대체할 수 있는 훈증활성물질 이소치오시아네트(Isothiocyanate)를 양고추냉이(겨자무)로부터 추출하는데 성공하였다. 메틸브로마이드는 세계적으로 토양소득, 검역, 시설물 훈증에 약 7만톤이 사용되는 유독성 물질로서 대체물질 개발을 위해 여러나라에서 연구 중에 있으며 우리나라도 OECD 가입국으로서 환경친화적 무공해 농약의 개발이 시급한 실정이었다. 이소치오시아네이트는 쌀, 옥수수, 콩 등 각종 곡물에 피해를 주는 쌀바구미, 팥바구미, 화랑곡나방, 권연벌레 등 저장곡물해충에 메틸보로마이드와 대등한 살충효과가 있는 무공해 천연물로서 메틸브로마이드를 대체할 수 있을 것으로 전망하고 있다. 앞으로 제형개발 등 상품화가 되면 수입에 의존하고 있는 저장곡물 방충농약을 대체할 수 있어 연간 300만 달러의 외화 절감은 물론 지구환경파괴를 막을 수 있는 획기적 계기를 마련하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 1984

Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda seedlings in a nursery was inoculated with basidiospores of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) either collected from Suweon, Korea or introduced from U.S.A. to compare the effectiveness of the spores from two different origins as mycorrhizal inocula. Nursery beds were fumigated with methyl bromide and 1g of spores was used to inoculate $1m^2$ of soil surface just before seed sowing. Seedlings inoculated with American Pt (#250 strain from Georgia, U.S.A.) were 15% taller than Korean Pt at the end of the first growing season. The seedlings from fumigation treatment only (no inoculation involved) was slightly taller (statistically unsignificant) than those with Korean Pt, but slightly smaller than those with American Pt. In a subsequent year experiment, the seedlings inoculated with American and Korean Pt after soil fumigation were 66% and 60% taller, respectively, than seedlings infected by natural fungi without soil fumigation, suggesting the dual effects of Pt and fumigation on the seedling growth. Therefore potential of Pt spores for an effective inoculum exists and selection of Pt strains which have adapted to specific local environments is needed to develop better sources of mycorrhizal inocula.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.783-790
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• 2003

Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi Koch were identified as quarantine pests in apple samples and were controlled soon after the commercial treatment of methyl bromide (MeBr) and with irradiation doses $(0.5{\sim}3kGy)$ after irradiation. The physical qualities of apples, such as rotting, withering, weight changes, hardness, and color, were apparently affected by MeBr. Furthermore, more than 2 kGy irradiation resulted from the lapse of storage time. Associated with the physical qualities of stored apples, irradiation and fumigation for quarantine purposes were more adequate after 40 days of storage at $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;(85{\pm}2%\;RH)$ immediately following harvest, rather than soon after harvest. Less than 1 kGy irradiation, based on its accumulated control effect on pests, can potentially be applied as a quarantine procedure without causing significant changes in the physical qualities of fresh apples, in contrast to MeBr.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2022

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the disinfection of clinical ultrasound probes using the vapor fumigation method, which can quickly achieve high-level disinfection. Upon the inspection of the microbial contamination level of clinically used ultrasound probes, nine different types of bacteria were detected. The disinfection efficacy of 7.5% and 35% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was comparatively tested for the detected microbes. The 35% H₂O₂ demonstrated superior efficacy per disinfection duration. No significant change was observed in the rubber component of the ultrasound probes as a result of the 35% H₂O₂ disinfection treatment. The probes were contaminated with the microbes detected in the microbial contamination level inspection and subsequently disinfected using the novel medical disinfector that utilizes the vapor fumigation method. As a result, the disinfection using the novel device achieved 100% eradication of the microbes from the probes.This study demonstrates that the novel vapor fumigation method-based disinfector provides a faster and more powerful means of disinfection than the conventional disinfection methods. Therefore, the novel disinfector has the potential to be used as a convenient ultrasound probe disinfector in clinical settings.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2002

In 1998, a pathogen isolated from infected onions was identified as Aspergillus niger. At 3$0^{\circ}C$, A. niger AnYD-1 showed the best mycelial growth, spore germination, and high pathogenicity to onions. In spite of the weak inhibitory effect of flusilazole and hexaconazole on the mycelial growth on PDA, they showed the specific inhibitory activity against the formation of spores in the vapour phase. With flusilazole and hexaconazole, the effects of the solvent, the applied concentration and the incubating temperature on the activities inhibiting the spore formation were confirmed. Their inhibitory effect on the spore formation in vapour phase was excellent by solving them with dimethylsulfoxide and dimethylformamide among tested solvents, and applying them at high temperature such as 30~35$^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 1987

Comparative effects of ethylene oxide and gamma radiation treatment of the microbiological and physicochemical qualities of ground garlic and onions were investigated. The standard ethylene oxide cycle employed was substantially less effective in reducing microbial counts than were 7 and 10 kGy of gamma radiation, and was roughly comparable to 5 kGy. Effects of gamma radiation on pungency, nutrient and color were relativey small in comparison with ethylene oxide which adversely affected physicochemical properties. Sensory evaluation indicated that no significant difference was observed between the nontreated control group and 10 kGy irradiated smaples.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2001

Effects of application method of eight nematicides on reproduction of iweloidogyne arenaria were tested in pot. In pre-treatment, cadusafos , dazomet, fosthiazate reduced over 90% in number of egg masses of M. arenaria at recommended rate . Carbofuran showed similar reduction only at three times of recommended rate. Benfuracarb was the least effective. Post-treatments, in general, were less effective than pre-treatment except fostiazate which reduced root egg mass of iW. arenaria as much as pre-treatment at recommended rate . Systematic nematicide, fosthiazate has potential as post-treatment nematicide.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2020

Clover cyst nematode, Heterodera trifolii, is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematode on Kimchi-cabbage in highland in Korea. Recently, a demand of soil disinfection machine for fumigants is increasing. This study was conducted to assess the control effects of a newly developed prototype soil disinfection machine to the cyst nematode. Two fumigants, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and metam sodium (MNa), were treated using the machine in a field, which was infected with the cyst nematode. After 4 weeks, control effects of fumigants were assessed as eggs hatching rates inside of cysts extracted from the soil, and as a number of females reproduced in roots of Kimchi-cabbage. DMDS (39 l/10 a) suppressed over 99.0% of the eggs hatching rate and the number of females reproduced. On the other hand, MNa (29 l/10 a) controlled the egg hatching rates from minimum 78.3% to maximum 99.4%, and the number of females from 34.7% to 49.3%. The control effects of two fumigants to clover cyst nematode by treated depth were no significant differences statistically. These results showed that DMDS treatment using the soil disinfection machine was expected to have the control effects for the clover cyst nematode.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2002

These studies were carried out to investigate the fumigant toxicity, the contact toxicity and the ovipositional repellency of 25 monoterpenoids against oak longicorn beetle adults, Moechotypa diphysis. Monoterpenoids with 100% of fumigant toxicity were 1, 8-cinehone, fenchone, pulegone and (equation omitted)-terpinene at 20 (equation omitted)/954 ml (air) concentration, pulegone and (equation omitted)-terpinen at 10 (equation omitted)/954 ml (air) concentration, pulegone at 5 (equation omitted)/954 ml (air) concentration. Most monoterpenoids showed low or no contact toxicity but only pulegone showed about 70% mortality. Some monoterpenoids which had repellency to female adults with Y-tube olfactometer were bornylacetate, carvacrol, 1, 8-cineole and menthol at 1 (equation omitted) dose, while citronellol showed attractant response. Carveol, geraniol and perillyl alcohol of 25 monoterpenoids showed ovipoistional repellency of 82.1%, 78.3%, 87.5%, respectively, at the concentration of 1,000 ppm in the laboratory condition. In the field, the result tested with three monoterpenoids indicated that geraniol was the most effective one at the concentration of 10,000ppm and 1,000 ppm, but residual effect wasn't found.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.265-269
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• 1989

Effects of air-tighteness of packing material and aluminum phosphide fumigation on mortality of rice weevil were studied during rice storage. Air-tight storage of rice in sealed bag of 0.1mm PE film or sealed glass bottle reduced the deterioration of rice quality and killed all rice weevils after 60 days storage, while paper bag, PP bag and straw bag storage kept them alive. One tablet of aluminum phosphide in one cubic meter heap of rice packed in PP bag was sufficient to kill all rice weevil in it, when the heap was covered by 0.15 mm PE film during fumigation.