• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.127-148
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• 2023

In this study, we used an analysis of the literature on socio-scientific issues (SSI) classes to examine domestic SSI class research and to determine the characteristics of SSI class research for each subject. A search for papers related to SSI classes published in Korea Citation Index-listed journals and candidate journals of the Korea Research Foundation found 95 relevant papers, which were then categorized according to participants and topics. Studies with both pre-service and experienced teachers attempted to investigate SSI-related perceptions. Studies of pre-service teachers tended to examine the level and development pattern of argumentation or to analyze decision-making characteristics and informal reasoning. Studies of experienced teachers tended to analyze instructional expertise in SSI teaching activities, focusing on teachers with substantial SSI teaching experience. Middle and high school students-related studies examined student decision-making and reasoning processes in SSI learning activities, developed SSI class programs, and analyzed educational effects. Examining the characteristics of SSI classes for elementary school students was difficult because few such studies have been published. However, the characteristics that elementary school students show in SSI learning situations could be inferred. A plan to revitalize SSI classes in the elementary science education field from the perspective of teacher education and class research is suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.137-145
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• 2008

In this study, to reduce the flood damage caused by flood discharge exceeding project flood, the primary technology was applied to determining the optimal location and size for underground sluiceway. The Jungrang Stream was selected for this study because the stream was overflowed and the embankment section of the stream was destroyed owing to localized torrential rainfall in 1998 and 2001. Considering 200-year frequency storm, the inlets of the underground discharge channel were located at Seoul City limits, the confluence of Danghyun Stream, Wolgye 1-gyo, and the confluence of Mukdong Stream. The outlets were located at the estuary of Jungrang Stream and rightbank of Banpo Bridge in Han River. The transverse discharge according to the variation of overflow depth at the inlet of underground discharge channel was estimated and the effect of inundation reduction was analyzed. To examine the appropriate scale of the underground discharge channel, the 8 operation methods for the management of outlet discharge were compared considering four rules (only storage, the constant discharge rate, the constant discharge volume, and the mixture of the constant discharge rate and discharge volume). As a result, the effect of inundation reduction was most significantly improved when the inlet was located at the confluence of Danghyun Stream. The appropriate size of underground sluiceway for 200-year frequency storm was studied, and as a result, the appropriate diameters of the underground discharge channel were 12 m in case of only storage(Rule D), 9m in 50% of discharge(Rule E), 8 m in constant discharge volume(Rule F), and 7 m in mixture method(Rule G). This investigation process can be applied to design the underground discharge channel when the inundation damage is significant in coastal area due to embankment overflow. The underground discharge channel in Jungrang Stream can also be used as an underground road to link Seoul City to Uijeongbu City during dry season.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.239-256
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• 2017

In the process of site selection for a radioactive waste disposal, site characterization must be carried out to obtain input parameters to assess the safety and feasibility of deep geological repository. In this paper, methodologies of site characterization for radioactive waste disposal in Korea were suggested based on foreign cases of site characterization. The IAEA recommends that site characterization for radioactive waste disposal should be performed through stepwise processes, in which the site characterization period is divided into preliminary and detailed stages, in sequence. This methodology was followed by several foreign countries for their geological disposal programs. General properties related to geological environments were obtained at the preliminary site characterization stage; more detailed site characteristics were investigated during the detailed site characterization stage. The results of investigation of geology, hydro-geology, geochemistry, rock mechanics, solute transport and thermal properties at a site have to be combined and constructed in the form of a site descriptive model. Based on this site descriptive model, the site characteristics can be evaluated to assess suitability of site for radioactive waste disposal. According to foreign site characterization cases, 7 or 8 years are expected to be needed for site characterization; however, the time required may increase if the no proper national strategy is provided.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.198-201
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• 2015

The prompt and accurate location determination of the nodes of the wireless indoor shipboard networks is crucial to forming the stable wireless shipboard sensor networks. To this end in this paper it can be achieved through the measurement of the bi-directional channel qualities among the nodes after the locations of the sensor nodes temporarily placed. For the 1st stage the piconet-type sensor networks are considered to measure the channel qualities between a specific node and the cluster node which is the master node. After finishing the 1st stage measurement the nodes needing the relay nodes are selected and the measurement action goes into the 2nd stage. In the 2nd stage the measurement between a candidate relay node and the node needing a relay node starts to begin. After the 2nd stage the relay nodes to connect to the cluster node are fixed and the information delivery paths between a node and the cluster head are established. In this paper the measurement results in the realistic environment are gathered and analysed to show that the measurement procedure can be applied in the wireless indoor shipboard networks.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.455-460
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• 2023

Text augmentation is a methodology that creates new augmented texts by transforming or generating original texts for the purpose of improving the performance of NLP models. However existing text augmentation techniques have limitations such as lack of expressive diversity semantic distortion and limited number of augmented texts. Recently text augmentation using large language models and few-shot learning can overcome these limitations but there is also a risk of noise generation due to incorrect generation. In this paper, we propose a text augmentation method called TAGS that generates multiple candidate texts and selects the appropriate text as the augmented text. TAGS generates various expressions using few-shot learning while effectively selecting suitable data even with a small amount of original text by using contrastive learning and similarity comparison. We applied this method to task-oriented chatbot data and achieved more than sixty times quantitative improvement. We also analyzed the generated texts to confirm that they produced semantically and expressively diverse texts compared to the original texts. Moreover, we trained and evaluated a classification model using the augmented texts and showed that it improved the performance by more than 0.1915, confirming that it helps to improve the actual model performance.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.244-260
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• 2024

Purpose: With the 2021 revision of dietary guidelines in Korean emphasizing environmentally sustainable dietary practices, this study attempted to develop an evaluation tool to comprehensively evaluate the degree of practice and compliance with food and nutrient intake, dietary habits, and dietary culture guidelines based on the revised dietary guidelines. Methods: The candidate evaluation items were collected by reviewing 934 literature reviews on domestic and foreign dietary evaluations. Fifty-nine candidate items were derived by selecting the items corresponding to dietary guidelines. The content validity ratio (CVR) cutoff point evaluation was conducted with 11 experts to delete 11 items that did not meet the CVR standard. Fifty-five pilot survey candidate items were selected through revision and additional process according to expert opinion. Seventy final candidate items were selected by adding 15 questions for validity verification and reference. A pilot survey was conducted online and offline on 332 adults aged 19-64 in Seoul and the metropolitan area, and exploratory factor analysis was used to verify the construct validity of the evaluation items. Through exploratory factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett's sphericity test, variance explained, and Cronbach's alpha criteria were confirmed in each process. Results: Exploratory factor analyses derived three criteria: food and nutrient intakes (11 items), eating behaviors (9 items), and dietary culture (14 items), consisting of 34 evaluation items. Conclusion: The present scale was validated and can be used for comprehensive evaluations of the dietary guidelines for Korean adults in a simple way.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.223-224
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• 2004

고준위폐기물 혹은 사용후 핵연료의 처분용기 재질은 각 국의 처분개념과 처분공의 주위 환경에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 용기의 후보재질로는 탄소강, 스텐레스 강, 구리, 니켈, 티탄 혹은 이들의 합금이 주로 고려되고 있으나, 국내에서는 아직 선정되지 않았다. 국내 처분환경에서 이들 재질의 부식특성을 조사하고자 모의 화강암 지하수를 가해 만든 겔 상태의 경주 벤토나이트에 탄소강, 스텐레스 강, 구리 시편을 넣고, $70^{\circ}C$, 아르곤 분위기에서 530일 경과한 후 시편의 표면 변화 (그림 1) 및 무게 감소를 측정하였다. 철 부식시편은 검정색의 철 화합물 층으로 덮여 있었으며, 구리표면에는 노란색의 부식층이 형성되었는데, 이를 XRD로 분석한 결과 $Cu_2O$로 판명되었다. 그러나 $700^{\circ}C$에서 각각 0, 24, 96시간동안 예민화시킨 스텐레스 강 시편들은 모두 초기상태 그대로 광택을 유지하고 있었으며, XRD에서 다른 화합물의 형성을 발견할 수 없었다 (그림 2). 시편의 무게 감소가 균일부식에 기인한 것으로 가정하여 환산한 결과, 구리와 스텐레스 강 모두 0.3~0.4 $\mu\textrm{m}/yr$의 부식속도를 나타내었다. 그러나 구리는 부식생성물이 표면에 부착되어 있기 때문에 실제 부식두께는 이 값보다 더 클 것으로 생각된다. 용기가 초기 530일간과 같은 속도로 처분용기의 부식이 진행된다면 한국에서 기준처분 개념으로 삼고 있는 50mm 두께의 내부식성 외벽 금속용기는 적어도 만년이상 견딜 수 있을 것으로 추정된다. 한편, 검정색 부식층을 제거한 무게감소로부터 계산한 철의 부식속도는 구리의 약 30배에 해당하였다. 금속 재질의 정확한 부식 거동을 파악하기 위해서는 보다 장기간의 실험이 요구된다. 시험법 선정에 각계(규제기관, 학계, 발전소 현장 및 산업계 등) 전문가로부터 기술자문회의를 통하여 자문 의견을 받기로 하였다. 특히 현재 폐기물 인수 기술기준치가 설정된 국가의 시험법을 심층 있게 검토하기로 하였다.검토하기로 하였다. 혹은 수성주변 환경이 지배하는 산악이나 구릉지에서 흔히 나타나는 침엽수-낙엽활엽수의 혼합림 식생상태를 잘 대변해 주고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 끝으로, 의림지 호저 퇴적층 중에서 인위적인 교란흔적이 없는 암회색 유기질 니층에 대한 탄소연대측정 결과, 제1호공 12번 시료에서 950$\pm$40 years B.P을 얻었으며, 제3-1호공에서도 아래로 내려가면서 8, 10, 11번 시료에 대하여 500$\pm$30 years B.P, 650$\pm$30 years B.P, 800$\pm$40 years B.P의 연대측정 결과를 획득하였다. 이상과 같은 의림지 호저 퇴적층의 형성환경과 형성시기 연구를 통하여 의림지의 제방축조의 최초시기를 해석해 보면, 의림지의 제방은 적어도 과거 약 827년 전에서 866년 전에는 이미 축조되어 있었음을 알 수 있다. 과거 제천 일대에 살았던 옛사람들이 의림지 하류의 곡지중앙과 고기 충적선상지에 대한 관계용 용수조달의 필요성에 부응하여 상류부 곡지하천의 자연입지 환경을 최대한 이용하여 축조한 것으로 판단된다..준비하였다.전류를 구성하는 주요 입자의 에너지 영역(75~l13keV)에서 가장 높은(0.80) 상관계수를 기록했다. 넷째, 회복기 중에 일어나는 입자들의 유입은 자기폭풍의 지속시간을 연장시키는 경향을 보이며 큰 자기폭풍일수록 현저했다. 주상에서 관측된 이러한 특성은 서브스톰 확장기 활동이 자기폭풍의 발달과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시사한다.se that were all low

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2016

This study proposes the big data policy and case studies in Korea and the application of land and housing of spatial big data to excavate the future business and to propose the spatial big data based application for the government policy in advance. As a result, at first, the policy and cases of big data in Korea were evaluated. Centered on the Government 3.0 Committee, the information from each department of government is being established with the big-data-based system, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport is establishing the spatial big data system from 2013 to support application of big data through the platform of national spatial information and job creation. Second, based on the information system established and administrated by LH, the status of national territory information and the application of land and housing were evaluated. First of all, the information system is categorized mainly into the support of public ministration, statistical view, real estate information, on-line petition, and national policy support, and as a basic direction of major application, the national territory information (DB), demand of application (scope of work), and profit creation (business model) were regarded. After the settings of such basic direction, as a result of evaluating an approach in terms of work scope and work procedure, the four application fields were extracted: selection of candidate land for regional development business, administration and operation of rental house, settings of priority for land preservation, and settings of priority for urban generation. Third, to implement the application system of spatial big data in the four fields extracted, the required data and application and analytic procedures for each application field were proposed, and to implement the application solution of spatial big data, the improvement and future direction of evaluation required from LH were proposed.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to extract the main locational factors to affect the location of fastfood stores in Kangnam -Gu, Seoul by using Geographic Information Systems. The Franchise system, which came to be employed in full scale since 1990, now enjoying the booming period, especially fast food industry. The procedure of this research has four steps. First, the spatial distribution of fastfood chain stores in Seoul is analyzed by the land use and road map. Second, the spatial variations of fastfood stores in dong districts of Seoul is explained by multiple regression analysis. Third, the main locational factors to affect the location of fast food stores in Kangnam -Gu are extracted by demand and supply sides using GIS technologies. Finally, the potentiallocational zones where are selected by extracted locational factors are compared with the actual distribution of f astf ood stores in Kangnam - Gu. In terms of demand side, the main locational factors include commercial and service facilities, sub¬ways and bus stops which have a lot of pedestrians, and large apartment districts that have high popu¬lation densities. In terms of supply sides, the main locational factors include land use types and land value, accessibility. After fast food chain stores of Kangnam -Gu are overlaid final potentiallocational zones extracted by demand and supply sides of locational factors, it can be identified that over 80 % of fastfood stores are located in the potentiallocational zone. In conclusion, this study shows that spatial analysis functions may potentially be improved using GIS technologies. However there are still difficulties for the locational analysis for service industries to col¬lect appropriate data in terms of computerized base maps as well as consumer behavior and store characteristics itself.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.469-484
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of arousal control training conjugated heart rate biofeedback for national substitute three archery players. The arousal control training programs was developed on previous researches and 3 archery experts and 1 sport psychologist had meetings. The training programs contained as orientation, breathing regulation, progressive relaxation technique, heart rate biofeedback, cognitive restructuring, routine and consisted of 24 weeks. XCOACH was utilized as heart rate biofeedback instrument. The effects was examined on competitive state anxiety inventory-2, archery score and ranking, observation, interviews and self assessment. As the results, the score of subfactor was improved on somatic state anxiety, cognitive state anxiety and self-confidence. As the results of observation, interviews and self assessment, the ability of arousal control was enhanced by using effective psychological skills conjugated heart rate biofeedback.