• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.68-78
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• 2000

In Korea, food balance sheet and national nutrition survey have been conducted in parallel by Central Government for several decades. However, the gap between the two statistics became larger to reach an intolerable level in recent years, likely due to the limitation of dietary survey method in spite of the drastic change in dietary habits after industrialization and urbanization during last three decades. The currently available data from national nutrition survey was optimized by taking in to account of the food balance sheet. Adjusted consumption data for individual food items during the period of 1991-95 were given in tabular forms for groups of cereals potatoes sugars & sweets, legumes, nuts & seeds, fruits, vegetables, meats, eggs, dairy products oils & fats and fishery foods. Conversion factors of processed foods including wheat products, soybean products, Kimchi and dairy products into their raw materials were tentatively proposed. Great differences between supply data and intake data of food commodities were pointed out to be likely due to the seasonal variation and ignorance of processed foods and dining-out in the national nutrition survey. It is recommended to utilize these optimized food intake data as the nationally-representative one until new data from the national health and nutrition survey undertaken after modified procedures since 1998 are obtained and verified in future.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.245-256
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• 1998

In this study, we discussed about the implications of the idealization, which take an important role in physics, to the physics education. First, understanding of the idealization help the physics learning itself. This is because that various types of idealizations are included in the physics terms and concepts, derivation processes of physics laws and formulas, and explanation of natural phenomena and problem solving activities. Second, understanding of the idealization can help the application of the physics world to the real world. That is, by understanding the extent and the limit of idealization used in physics world, physics students can understand the discrepancies between the real world and the physics world. And also, by modifying or eliminating the idealization, students can extend the extent of understanding about how predictions based on the idealization used in the physics world will change. To do this, we suggested the application of computer simulation program in physics laboratories. Third, idealization take an important role in the inquiry learning for students' originality. The activities of identifying or controlling the variables, as one of the principal factors of scientific inquiry, need the appropriate establishment of the ideal conditions. And to analyze the limiting case or practice the thought experiments for understanding the impossible situation in the real world, ideal conditions also are needed. This study discussed above three aspects with various concrete examples and, with Park et al.'s study (Park et al., 1998), present the theoretical basis for the study of students' and teachers' understanding the idealization.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.214-233
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• 2017

For people with physical or sensory limitations, broadcasting is the main means of information acquisition and leisure. Recently, changes in the media environment, such as convergence of broadcasting and communication, digital mobile conversion of broadcasting, and active media usage behavior of users, make broadcasting accessibility of the disabled difficult, and as a result, the information gap between the disabled and the non-disabled is increasing. A notice on broadcasting rights for the disabled was enacted in consequence of the amendment of the Broadcasting Law in July 2011 and the web accessibility guideline became more effective with the amendment of the National Informatization Act in 2013 so that legal basis for the right of media access for the disabled was established. However, media services for them are still lacking quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, we describe the present status of the audio description service for the visually impaired, and analyze the results of the questionnaire survey on the usage status, satisfaction and improvement requirements of the audio description service for 100 visually impaired people.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.502-512
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• 2019

To examine the problem structure of balanced regional development policy and identify the causes of the gap between the capital and non-capital areas, this study examined the causal structure in terms of the concentration and distribution of functions in the metropolitan area and non-capital area and explored the policy leverage. As a research method, the causal map was drawn using System Dynamics techniques and policy leverage was derived through an exploration of the feedback structure. In particular, the causes of the problems in balanced regional development policies were approached by system accidents rather than by single-circuit accidents, and causality analysis was performed among the variables constituting balanced regional development policies based on system accidents. In particular, it singled out 31 variables, developed 13 feedback loops, and confirmed four major policy leverages, including relocation of the capital function, local decentralization policies, consistent development, and investment practices centered on the Non­Capital Area. Subsequently, a follow-up study by computer simulation is needed by modeling the structure of the system to identify the ripple effect of the policies of the Capital Area on the Non­Capital Area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5673-5682
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• 2015

Purpose of this study is to examine and investigate the utilization of low-rise floor Pilotis space which is frequently selected as a major planning element in recent high-rise apartment complex and to identify the interrelationship between the placement of Pilotis space in the complex and space utilization frequency by comparing circulation related indicators of Connectivity, Control Value, Global Integration and Local Integration through Space Syntax axial analysis. Conclusions of this study are, first, Pilotis space is not used as a space to improve regional community consciousness because it is mostly used as a 'simple movement space'. Second, regarding space utilization frequency differences in Pilotis space in each apartment building, projecting entry access+pilotis addition type complex shows more significant utilization frequency than pilotis access type complex, and the vandalism phenomenon is observed more often. Third, Pilotis space utilization is related with Connectivity, Control Value, Global Integration and Local Integration which are circulation related indicators in Space Syntax, and Pilotis spaces with high indicator values over 2 tend to show higher utilization frequency and those with low indicator values over 2 tend to show low utilization frequency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3363-3372
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• 2009

Continued jobless growth in economy, coupled with the current economic recession, is aggravating the situation of job market. In order to create more jobs and reduce the economic gap in a society, an independent creative firm of a sole entrepreneurs is suggested as an alternative mean. Understanding entrepreneurial motivations of a sole entrepreneur will be helpful in developing educational programs on starting an independent creative firm and in establishing a relevant government policy. This study, therefore, proposes a new model on entrepreneurial motivations in the independent creative firm and performs case study. The results of the study show that the personal environment and the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs have much effects on motivation of starting the independent creative firms. Among the personal environments, entrepreneurs' educational backgrounds, work experiences, and personal networks have great influences on entrepreneurial motivations. The processes of sustained entrepreneurship involve: (a) the determination of business ideas and goals, (b) the inception of a new business and managerial activities, (c) the entrepreneur's assessment of both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of business performances, and (d) the adjustment of business ideas and goals in accordance with the results of the assessment. The results of the study could be applied in developing educational programs and consulting guidelines on independent creative firms and in establishing government's supportive policies on the firm.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

We develop an identity choice model within the context of a stereotyping-cum-signaling framework. The model allows us to explore implications of the fact that, when individuals can choose identity, then the distribution of abilities within distinct identity groups becomes endogenous. This is significant because, when identity is exogenous and if the ability distributions within groups are the same, then inequality of group reputations in equilibrium can only arise if there is a positive feedback between group reputation and individual human capital investment activities (Arrow, 1973; Coate and Loury, 1993). Here we show that when group membership is endogenous then the logic of individuals' identity choices leads there to be a positive selection of higher ability individuals into the group with a better reputation. This happens because those for whom human-capital-investment is less costly are also those who stand to gain more from joining the favored group. As a result, ability distributions within distinct groups can endogenously diverge, reinforcing incentive-feedbacks. We develop the theoretical framework that can examine the positive selection and the endogenous group formation. The model implies that inequality deriving from stereotyping of endogenously constructed social groups is at least as great as the inequality that can emerge between exogenously given groups.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in human rights perception between people with disabilities and staffs in the disabled residential facilities. Using data from the '2014 Human Rights Survey on Disability in the Disabled Residential Facilities' for 602 facilities, the study compared their perception of human rights(16 items), including human rights guarantee(12 items) and human rights violation(4 items). Result showed that the rate of perception for human rights guarantee and violation(except staff violation) of staffs was higher than people with disabilities(p<.05). This study demonstrated that there were significant differences in human right perception between people with disabilities and staffs. The cause of this difference would be the conflict between roles of staff and needs of person with disabilities, absence of human rights indicators by mutual consent between the two. Our findings suggested a need for study on strategies to solve gap of perception between the two, such as integrated human rights education, developing consensual human rights indicators.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2020

Digital accessibility of the middle-aged and elderly has been increasing at a faster pace than other groups such as the handicapped and adolescents. However, studies related to the digital accessibility of middle and older adults are scarce. In order to examine variables affecting accessibility to digital information of the middle-aged and elderly people, this study researches the impacts of sociodemographic, physical and mental health and social activity variables on the accessibility of digital information. We analyzed data of 1,661 people between the ages of 55 and 84 from the 2018 Status Survey on Digital Divide conducted by the National Information Society Agency. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis shows the higher education, economic, and life satisfaction levels are, the higher digital accessibility levels of both male and female are. The result of the analysis also shows that the aged male has a higher accessibility level when he does not live alone; meanwhile, the aged female has higher digital capability as her age is lower, which describes that there are differences between gender. We expect the result of this study to be used as an important reference to understand factors related to digital accessibility level and active intervention for improving digital accessibility of the middle-aged and elderly male and female.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.23-34
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• 2020

This study aims to verify the mediating effect of mobile social participation on the relationship between the mobile device capability and life satisfaction. Using the data of 2018 Digital Divide Survey conducted by the National Information Society Agency(NIA), the mediating effect was verified by Baron & Kenny (1986)'s 3 step process, targeting 1,665 middle and older aged adults. The result is as follows: first, the mobile device capability of the middle and older aged people has a positive effect on life satisfaction. Second, the effect of the mobile device capability of middle and older aged people on life satisfaction is partially mediated by mobile social participation including expressing opinions on social concerns, proposing policies and filing a civil complaint, donation and volunteering work and online voting and responding to a poll. The result represents that the mobile device, such as a smart phone or a smart pad, capability of the middle and older aged group not only directly benefits the group but also helps expand their mobile social participation, which leads to, although indirectly, higher life satisfaction. Therefore, the study is expected to be a groundwork for a practical intervention for enlarging the use of mobile device and lifting digital information level of the elderly to encourage mobile social participation and drive life satisfaction.