• Title/Summary/Keyword: 환경폐기물

Search Result 2,179, Processing Time 0.033 seconds

Investigation on optimal factors in regard to matureness degree of food waste and mixing rate of the casting in vermicomposting (지렁이 사육에 있어서 음식물쓰레기의 부숙정도와 분변토 혼합비의 영향)

  • Kim, Young-Koo;Park, Sang-June;Choi, Hun-Geun;Phae, Chae-Gun
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.72-81
    • /
    • 2004
  • For disposal food wastes which is about 30% portion of tatal organic wastes, vermicomposting is more environmental-friendly treatment than lanfill, incineration, etc. Recently, the interest has been increasing but there are many problems on management of vermicopmposting in field especially. This study was conducted to investigate an optimal factors, which are limit NaCl conc., the mixing rate of food wastes and casting for growth of an earthworm related to efficient vermicomposting. The limit conc. of NaCl was 0.5% and in case of feeding food wastes to earthworms as a prey only, most earthworms were dead in a few hours due to excessive degradation of organic materials and high NaCl conc. However as feeding with the casting of proper mixing rate(3:7), most earthworms were survived until finishing composting. It was investigated the increaser degree of matureness of food wastes, the higher conc. of NaCl, therefore for efficient vermicomposting, it seemed proper mixing rate of food wastes and the casting is better than matureness of food wastes. and the most suitable mixing rate was 3:7 food wastes and the casting.

  • PDF

Design of Automatic Classification System of Black Plastics Based on Support Vector Machine Using Raman Spectroscopy (라만분광법을 이용한 SVM 기반 흑색 플라스틱 자동 분류 시스템의 설계)

  • Bae, Jong-Soo;Oh, Sung-Kwun;Kim, Hyun-Ki
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
    • /
    • v.26 no.5
    • /
    • pp.416-422
    • /
    • 2016
  • Lots of plastics are widely used in a variety of industrial field. And the amount of plastic waste is massively produced. In the study of waste recycling, it is emerged as an important issue to prevent the waste of potentially useful resource materials as well as to reduce ecological damage. So, the recycling of plastic waste has been currently paid attention to from the view point of reuse. Existing automatic sorting system consist of near infrared ray (NIR) sensors to classify the types of plastics. But the classification of black plastics still remains a challenge. Black plastics which contains carbon black are not almost classified by NIR because of the characteristic of the light absorption of black plastics. This study is focused on handling how to identify black plastics instead of NIR. Raman spectroscopy is used to get qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of black plastics. In order to improve the performance of identification, Support Vector Machine(SVM) classifier and Principal Component Analysis(PCA) are exploited to more preferably classify some kinds of the black plastics, and to analyze the characteristic of each data.

Mineralogical and Physico-chemical Properties of Fine fractions Remained after Crushed Sand Manufacture (국내 화강암류를 이용한 일부 인공쇄석사 제조과정에서 생기는 스러지의 광물.물리화학적 특성)

  • Yoo, Jang-Han;Ahn, Gi-Oh;Jang, Jun-Young
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
    • /
    • v.19 no.4 s.50
    • /
    • pp.355-361
    • /
    • 2006
  • Artificially crushed sands occupy approximately 30 percent of the total consumption in South Korea. The demand for the crushed sands is expected to rise in the future. Most manufacturers use granitic rocks to produce the crushed sands. During the manufacturing process, fine fractions (i.e., sludges or particles smaller than 63 microns) are removed through the process of flocculation. The fine fraction occupies about 15% of the total weight. The sludges are comprised of quartz, feldspars, calcite, and various kinds of clay minerals. Non-clay minerals occupy more than 75 percent of the sluges weight, according to the XRD semi-quantification measurement. Micas, kaolinites, chlorite, vermiculite, and smectites occur as minor constituents. The sludges from Jurassic granites contain more kaolinites and $14{\AA}$-types than those from the Cretaceous ones. The chemical analysis clearly shows the difference between the parent rocks and the sludges in chemical compositions. Much of colored components in the sludges was accumulated as the weathering products. Particle size analysis results show that the sludges can be categorized as silt loam in a sand-silt-clay triangular diagram. This result was for her confirmed by the hydraulic conductivity data. In South Korea, the sludges remained after crushed sand production are classified as an industrial waste because of their impermeability, and which is caused by their high silt and clay fractions.

Analysis of the under Pavement Cavity Growth Rate using Multi-Channel GPR Equipment (멀티채널 GPR 장비를 이용한 도로하부 공동의 크기 변화 분석)

  • Park, Jeong Jun;Kim, In Dae
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
    • /
    • v.16 no.1
    • /
    • pp.60-69
    • /
    • 2020
  • Purpose: Cavity growth process monitoring is to periodically monitor changes in common size and topography for general and observational grades to predict the rate of common growth. The purpose of this study is to establish a systematic cavity management plan by evaluating the general and observational class community in a non-destructive method. Method: Using GPR exploration equipment, the acquired surface image and the surrounding status image are analyzed in the GPR probe radargram in depth, profile, and cross section of the location. The exact location is selected using the distance and surrounding markings shown on the road surface of the initial detection cavity, and the test cavity is analyzed by calling the radar at the corresponding location. Result: As a result of monitoring tests conducted at a cavity 30 sites of general and observation grade, nine sites have been recovered. Changes in scale were seen in 21 cavity locations, and changes in size and grade occurred in 13 locations. Conclusion: The under road cavity is caused by various causes such as damage to the burial site, poor construction, soil leakage caused by groundwater leakage, waste and ground vibration. Among them, indirect factors could infer the effects of groundwater and localized rainfall.

Treatment of High Organic Wastewater Using Ecological Water Treatment System (생태학적 수처리 시스템을 이용한 고농도 유기성 폐수처리)

  • 조재훈;김중곤;김준휘;윤성명;이정섭;김시욱
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • v.37 no.4
    • /
    • pp.317-324
    • /
    • 2001
  • We have previously developed three stage methane fermentation system capable of digesting food wastes effectively and then releasing high organic wastewater as a final product. In this study, we tried to devise an ecological water treatment system, which can efficiently remove the nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the organic wastewater. The system was made of microbiological filters, algae, and waterfleas. Of two species of alga tested, Selenastrum capricornutum showed higher growth rate and more efficiently removed the nitrogen from the wastewater than by Chlorella sp. In addition, the highest growth rate and the nitrogen removal efficiency could be obtained when high concentrations of $Mg^{2+}\; and\; Ca^{2+}$ were added to the diluted wastewater and the molar ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was adjusted to 10 : 1. In this study the population relationship between alga and water flea was also examined in a test tube. The initial number of algal cells decreased as the waterflea population increased. However, the number of algal cells gradually increased again when waterflea population decreased partly due to the environmental resistance. From these results, it was believed that the ecological water treatment system could be used for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus from organic wastewater very effectively. Moreover, the waterflea cultured by this system as a final predator could be used as a good foodstuff for fishes.

  • PDF

Certification and Quality Control of the Official Test Facilities of Dioxins in Korea (국내 다이옥신 측정분석기관 지정 및 정도관리)

  • Jang, Seong-Ki;Kim, Tae-Seung;Lee, Won-Seok;Chung, Young-Hee;Choi, Doug-Il
    • Analytical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.13 no.5
    • /
    • pp.675-682
    • /
    • 2000
  • The concentration of dioxins from flue gases of municipal waste incineration facilities with capacities over 50 tons/day are regulated by the guideline: $0.1ng-TEQ/Nm^3$ for new facilities, and $0.5ng-TEQ/Nm^3$ for existing facilities and it will be strengthened to $0.1ng-TEQ/Nm^3$ until 2003 year. Dioxins from these incineration facilities have to be measured more than 2 times annually by the Official Test Facilities of Dioxins. Seven institutions have been certified so far as the Official Test Facilities of Dioxins. These facilities have to be evaluated by the quality control program provided by National Institute of Environmental Research every year. We reported the results of quality control test performed in 1999. Four institutions certified in 1998 sampled flue gases at stack of M incineration facilitiy and analyzed dioxins by Official Methods of Air Pollution. The isokinetic coefficients, the parameter for evaluation of sampling ability were excellent for all four institutions. They were 100.9%, 102.4%, 102.1% and 99.2%, respectively. The criteria required are as follows; resolution over 10,000, mass calibration within ${\pm}5ppm$, ion abundance ratio within 15%, and the recovery of 50-120%. As results, those institutions also met these parameters of Official Method of Air Pollution.

  • PDF

Characterization of lead isotope emission profiles in non-ferrous smelters in South Korea (국내 비철금속 제련시설에서의 납 동위원소 배출특성 연구)

  • Park, Jin-Ju;Kim, Ki-Jun;Park, Jin-Soo;Yoo, Suk-Min;Park, Kwang-Soo;Seok, Kwang-Seol;Shin, Hyung-Sun;Song, Guem-Joo;Kim, Young-Hee
    • Analytical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.26 no.5
    • /
    • pp.333-339
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study was conducted to build up the inventories of Pb isotopic compositions of major Pb pollution sources in South Korea. Since non-ferrous metal smelters are one of major anthropogenic sources, two smelters for zinc, each one of smelter for lead and copper were selected for the study. The Pb concentrations and isotopic compositions of metal ores, wastewater, sludge, metal rod and produced sulfuric acid were analysed to understand the Pb isotopic patterns in environment. The isotopic ratio, $^{206}Pb/^{207}Pb$, of zinc ores from zinc smelter were in the range of 1.179~1.198 and the ratio of waste, flue gas and products samples were 1.105~1.147. This results implied that the isotopic patterns of output samples showed mixing patterns between two distinct metal ore soerces. In 2011, major importing countries of zinc ore were Australia, Peru and Mexico. Thus Pb isotopic patterns from zinc smelter is originated from the mixing patterns between less radiogenic Australian ores and more radiogenic South America's ores. Lead smelters also showed the same mixing patterns with those of zinc smelters. However copper smelter showed same Pb isotopic patterns with more radiogenic South America's ores.

Effect of gamma irradiation on the color values and physiological properties of spent coffee ground extraction (감마선 조사가 커피박 추출물의 색도 및 생리활성에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Ha-Yeon;Kim, Hye-Min;Kim, Woo Sik;Yang, Mi-So;Byun, Eui-Hong;Jang, Beom-Su;Choi, Dae Seong;Byun, Eui-Baek
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.49 no.5
    • /
    • pp.544-549
    • /
    • 2017
  • The spent coffee grounds (SCG) are considered valuable by-products because they contain various bioactive compounds. The SCG extraction (SCGE) was irradiated at doses ranging between 30 and 50 kGy. The deep dark-brown color of SCGE was changed to a bright yellow color by gamma irradiation. The content of the bioactive compounds of gamma-irradiated SCGE was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Interestingly, the content of quinic acid was increased by gamma irradiation, whereas other compounds were decreased. Although the contents of bioactive compounds were changed by gamma irradiation, the biological activities (radical scavenging activity and whitening effects) of SCGE were unaffected. Our findings suggest that gamma irradiation can effectively improve the color values of SCGE without the loss of biological activities. Consequently, gamma irradiation can be a useful tool for improving the utilization of SCGE in the cosmetic industry.

A Model for Evaluating Eco-friendly Demolition Works for Remodeling in the Pre-construction Stage (친환경 리모델링 철거공사 수행을 위한 사전검토 모델 개발)

  • Chae, Seong-Hyun;Kim, Kyung-Rai;Shin, Dong-Woo;Cha, Hee-Sung
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
    • /
    • v.13 no.1
    • /
    • pp.14-23
    • /
    • 2012
  • Due to the increase of aged housing demolition in preparation for the rapid growth of the market, Eco-friendly remodeling demolition work which can minimize environmental destruction have been studied. However, the owner or contractor to apply for eco-friendly remodeling demolition work does not reflect the characteristics of the site can not have a potential for many variables. In addition, There is no standard which can find effective part and catch a problem by performing eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Therefore, the project owner and construction company executives in the Pre-construction stage to the implementation of eco-friendly remodeling demolition construction by providing a model for the pre-evaluating the project. In this paper, the performance of eco-friendly remodeling of demolitions is proposed for the pre-evaluating model. After the eight items were drawn affecting the performances which are influence to accomplishment of the eco-friendly remodeling demolition, evaluation criteria was suggested for each item. Also By classifying and assessing the evaluation items, It will be able to identify the problems and supplements for eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Through the final evaluation sheet, The works of the appropriacy and supplement will be checked for the eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Finally The preinvestigation model is helpful for making the plan of systematic demolition, futhermore It is contribute to the expansion of the eco-friendly remodeling demolition.

Environmental Assessment and Characteristic of Refuse Derived Fuel by Mixed Biomass with Binder (바이오매스에 바인더 첨가에 따른 폐기물 고형연료 특성 및 환경성평가)

  • Lee, Hyung-Don;Cho, Joon-Hyung;Kim, In-Deuk;Kim, Yun-Soo;Oh, Kwang-Joong
    • Clean Technology
    • /
    • v.17 no.4
    • /
    • pp.336-345
    • /
    • 2011
  • The total area of forest land in Korea is 64.2%, and significant forest resources can continuously be produced. However our country didn't separate the recyclable waste wood and was illegal landfill or incinerated. In this study, waste-wood and rice husk of biomass and low-grade-anthracite made refuse derived fuel by mixing and compressing. In addition, the binding effect of binders and additives were analyzed. Physical and chemical characteristics of manufactured refuse derived fuel were analyzed and evaluated suitability by compared with quality standards. A result of change with compressed and relaxed density, added 20% anthracite and 10% rice husk is optimal density change and average density increased large range when 20 wt.% P.V.A., guargum, molasses and 10 wt.% starch were added. All fuel samples be distributed over 3,500 kcal/kg LHV and grade of No. 3~4 fuels appeared. A result of the characteristics of physical and chemical compressed biomass refuse derived fuel with addictive, 12.9% of durability improvement appeared when is mixing asphalt and 5.8% of durability improvement appeared when is mixing rice bran by pretreatment of NaOH 5%.