• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.147-151
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• 2002

One of the main issues in Diffserv AS architecture is guaranteeing fairness among the flows which have their own QoS requirements. Because the methodology of resource allocation and traffic conditioning would affect the end-to-end QoS and backbone link utilization. In this paper, we propose a variant of TSW algorithm for enhancing fair bandwidth allocation and link utilization and presents performance evaluation between TSW & TS2W3C through NS-2 Simulations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.179-184
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• 2012

The ultimate purpose of cities is 'the enhancement of quality of life in city'. In order to achieve this, it is required to optimize the Ontology-driven ubiquitous services included in the U-City and UIS of regions and communities and so on. Almost U-Service's contents are related to spatial or temporal extent. So it is important to design Spatio-temporal event schema for efficient access to U-City. There is a rapid change into an urban society in the shape of Ontology-driven ubiquitous services in which a content on a region or an incident is newly reconstructed through various ideas with the influence of the ubiquitous environment.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.663-673
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• 1999

WWW에 있어서 데이타베이스 통로는 필수적이다. 데이타베이스를 이용한 대부분의 웹 서비스는 CGI를 통해서 이루어지고 있는데 본 논문에서는 CGI가 갖는 문제점을 근본적으로 해결하기 위한 프레임웍으로서 JAQS(JAva Query Stub)를 제안하고 있다. JAQS를 통하여 이루어지는 서비스는 HTTP의 비연결성(connectionless) 및 무상태성(stateless)을 극복함으로써 상태 및 트랜잭션 관리를 지원할 수 있음은 물론 자바언어로 구현되어 플랫폼 독립적인 구조와 다중쓰레드를 최대한 활용하고 있다. 또한 JAQS와 함께 제안하고 있는 JAQS 관리자를 이용하면 데이타베이스가 분산되어 있는 환경에서도 효율적으로 동작할 수 있는 구조로 이루어져있다.Abstract Database gateway is absolutely vital to web-based services. Most web-based services with DBMS are implemented using CGI(Common Gateway Interface). This paper proposes a framework, dubbed JAQS(JAva Query Stub), as a solution for problems of CGI. JAQS not only supports state/transaction management by overcoming the connectionless and stateless nature of HTTP, but also effectively guarantees platform/DBMS-independence and multi-threading abilities because JAQS is implemented using Java. Also, using the JAQS Manager additionally proposed in this paper, JAQS can operate efficiently even in distributed database environments.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.320-325
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• 2021

BERT는 사전 학습 단계에서 다음 문장 예측 문제와 마스킹된 단어에 대한 예측 문제를 학습하여 여러 자연어 다운스트림 태스크에서 높은 성능을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 BERT의 사전 학습 문제 중 다음 문장 예측 문제에 대해 주목했다. 다음 문장 예측 문제는 자연어 추론 문제와 질의 응답 문제와 같이 임의의 두 문장 사이의 관계를 모델링하는 문제들에 성능 향상을 위해 사용되었다. 하지만 BERT의 다음 문장 예측 문제는 두 문장을 특수 토큰으로 분리하여 단일 문자열 형태로 모델에 입력으로 주어지는 cross-encoding 방식만을 학습하기 때문에 문장을 각각 인코딩하는 bi-encoding 방식의 다운스트림 태스크를 고려하지 않은 점에서 아쉬움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 BERT의 다음 문장 예측 문제를 확장하여 bi-encoding 방식의 다음 문장 예측 문제를 추가적으로 사전 학습하여 단일 문장 분류 문제와 문장 임베딩을 활용하는 문제에서 성능을 향상 시키는 Bi-Cross 사전 학습 기법을 소개한다. Bi-Cross 학습 기법은 영화 리뷰 감성 분류 데이터 셋인 NSMC 데이터 셋에 대해 학습 데이터의 0.1%만 사용하는 학습 환경에서 Bi-Cross 사전 학습 기법 적용 전 모델 대비 5점 가량의 성능 향상이 있었다. 또한 KorSTS의 bi-encoding 방식의 문장 임베딩 성능 평가에서 Bi-Cross 사전 학습 기법 적용 전 모델 대비 1.5점의 성능 향상을 보였다.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2006

Many soil amendments have been used nowadays to improve physical and chmical condition of turf soil, which might ultimately optimize turfgrass growth in golf courses. This study was carried out to Investigate the effects of new organic soil amendment containing pig excreta 50% and sawdust 50% on growth of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica L.) and kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) in greenhouse. Three applicable treatments with soil mixtures of 10, 20, and 30% (v/v) animal organic soil amendment (AOSA) with sand, were tested for chemical property, physical property, visual quality and root length of zoysiagrass and Kentucky bluegrass. As results, application of $10{\sim}30%$ AOSA mixtures were proper to grow turfgrass in soil nutrition. Especially, the treatment with 20% AOSA mixtures showed 0.7% in organic matter, which meets to green standard of USGA. Also, 30% AOSA mixtures was 1.1% in organic matter, which might be desirable for zoysiagrass-planted golf courses in Korea. It was turned out that addition of AOSA decreased the hydraulic conductivity in soil physical property Because the sand possess high hydraulic conductivity, it is recommended to combine $10{\sim}30%$ AOSA with sand in order to sustain soil balance. The treatment with $10{\sim}30%$ AOSA noticeably increased visual quality of both zoysiagras and Kentucky bluegrass during 90 days. However, treatments with either 20% or 30% AOSA were effective to develop root length of zoysiagrass but treatments with 20% AOSA were more effective than that of 30% AOSA mixtures to promote root length of Kentucky bluegrass at 60 days. In conclusion, considering all vital factors such as visible quality, root growth, organic matter content, and economical efficiency, was taken, it is recommended that a $20{\sim}30%$ mixture of AOSA with sand is good for the growth of zoysiagrass and 20% mixture for Kentucky bluegrass.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

This survey was compared and analyzed about the primary factor that dental office's working environment effect on physical subjective symptom and based on self-filling survey, 656 dental hygienists on July through August 2006, and analyzed using descriptive statics, ANOVA and Multiple Regression Analysis. The result of satisfaction degree of hospital working environment was pretty low about office air condition. Most people have complained that office's air quality makes it difficult to their work and mentioned that they were sore and dull all over the back, shoulder, and neck. The odor is major factor to be satisfied with office environment. Proper ventilates the way open the window more often was essential to maintain fresh indoor air quality and keep the extraction materials by separator and sealing tightly for remove the odor. Other factors were temperature, lighting fixture, ventilation facilities, and freshness of air. Dental hygienist was unsatisfied with hospital air condition and this polluted air condition was the cause of physical subjective symptom in work place. Furthermore, this research would be applied for improvement of working environment by decreasing of indoor air pollution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2016

This study was performed to investigate the community structure and health assessment of macrobenthic assemblages in Geoje-Hansan Bay, Southern Coast of Korea. Macrobenthos were collected by van Veen grab sampler at May (spring) and August (summer) 2013. The total species number and mean density were 300 species $7.6m^{-2}$ and $1,994ind.\;m^{-2}$, respectively. The major dominant species were the polychaetes Lumbrineris longifolia ($299{\pm}164ind.\;m^{-2}$), Aphelochaeta monilaris ($100{\pm}57ind.\;m^{-2}$), the bivalve Musculista senhousia ($91{\pm}96ind.\;m^{-2}$) and the polychaete Praxillella affinis ($80{\pm}66ind.\;m^{-2}$). From the community statistics [cluster analysis and nonmetric multidimentional scaling (NMDS) ordination], the macrobenthic community was distinguished into two groups of inner bay (farming ground of near Sandal Island) and channel station(from Hansan Island to Chubong Island) group. In this study, the ecological status was assessed by four biotic indices Shannon's H', the ATZI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), multivariate-AMBI (M-AMBI) and the Environment Conservation Index (ECI). The ecological status of the macrobenthic community in Geoje-Hansan Bay were poorer in the inner bay station than in the channel station. The results of the present study showed that three biotic indices (Shannon's H', M-AMBI and ECI) were valid as an index for evaluating the ecological status than the AMBI.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2010

This study aims to, first, classify the approach system of utilizing national and local amenities into three groups: evaluation of the level of the amenity, evaluation of the value of amenity resources, and utilization of amenity resources. Secondly, the study aims to derive an evaluation index which is required according to the approach system. As for a strategy of utilizing amenities, the self-diagnosis based on the evaluation of the level of local amenities is required. In this study, three sectors, ten items and 43 detailed items have been derived though specialists, FGIs(Focus Group Interview), and the cases within and outside of the country. In the survey with specialists, a unit-space key index which can be used in accordance with the unit-space characteristics(such as urban and rural area, fishing villages, mountain villages, and littoral areas), environmental area, important index and optional index have been derived. As for the evaluation index which is needed for the development of typical local amenities resources, 14 detailed evaluation indexes from three sectors have been derived. These have been classified again into six key indexes, six important indexes and two optional indexes. In the evaluation index of amenity resources, natural and environmental value-such as ecological value of preservation, uniqueness of aesthetic landscape and ecological value of restoration-historic and cultural value of preservation and individuality of the resources, and aesthetic and cultural values are derived as being important. As for utilization of amenity resources, 15 items from three sectors-such as reservation, restoration, intentional use, and industrial use-have been derived. Also, through a survey with specialists, key indexes and important indexes were derived by unit-space. As a result, in urban areas, seven items-including creative development of space, aesthetic landscape control and development of cultural contents-have been derived as key indexes; in rural areas, mountain villages, fishing villages and littoral areas, eight items-including brand of region, brand of the products, and brand of tourism resources-have been derived. In environmental areas, six items-including reservation of natural resources, historic and cultural heritage, and restoration of ecosystem-have been derived. Indexes derived from this study can be utilized in order to establish a strategy for amenity plans and an implementation strategy, but can be readjusted, allowing for various regional characteristics. It is, thus, advisable that local governments selectively utilize indexes according to regional characteristics or newly develop them for the maximum utilization of regional amenities.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-76
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• 2013

Objective : Based on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO), this study was to identifies the goals setting of elderly person with dementia. Methods : For 5 weeks from May to June of 2012, MOHO-based interviews and Occupational Questionnaire(OQ), Interest checklist(IC), Volitional Questionnaire(VQ), The Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills(ACIS), Occupational Performance History Interview-II(OPHI-II), Occupational Self Assessment(OSA), The Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating(OCAIR) assessment were conducted on elderly person with dementia. Further interviews were conducted with case manager and family. Results : After interviews and assessments were conducted, the results of which showed limitations in social and family relationship, financial issues, general well-being. Conclusion : Applying the MOHO forms a basis for judging the subject in a holistic and general way, changes how the subject is viewed, suggests various strategies. For improving the professinoalism and qualities of occupational therapy service, and may help expand the range of other relevant areas.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1024-1034
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• 2010

In order to select the demonstration farm site for agricultural investment by Korean fund, 14 sites were investigated by soil morphological characteristics and were evaluated by rating method in the Oudomxai province of Laos. Land evaluation was carried out by using eight factors, such as site accessibility, soil erosion susceptibility, easiness of farm mechanization, irrigation water obtainability, suitability of soil physical and chemical properties for crop growth, cost for establishment of farm foundation and land obtainability. In addition, one site to have been highly ranked was soil physico-chemically studied for farm planning. The site of heavy clayey soil has hydraulic conductivity of 26.27~40.64 cm $day^{-1}$, organic content of lower than 14 g $kg^{-1}$, available phosphate content of lower than 3 mg $kg^{-1}$, exchangeable cations of lower than 0.38, 11 and 3.1 cmolc $kg^{-1}$ in K, Ca and Mg, respectively. Major important limitations for establishment of demonstration farm were concluded as heavy soil-texture, high soil erodibility, low organic matter and phosphate contents, and insufficient irrigation water in the Oudomxai province of Laos.