• 대중서사연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.99-130
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• 2021

영화관에서 발행한 주보와 전단 등 인쇄물에는 영화관의 프로그램과 상영·배급, 주요 행사 등의 정보가 담겨 있어 그 가치가 상당하다. 이를 통해 해당 영화관의 정체성과 선전 전략, 관객성 등 당시의 영화문화를 복원할 수 있는 구체적인 정보들을 파악할 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문은 1926~1937년에 영화상설관 단성사에서 발행한 주보와 전단에 대해 소개하고, 영화관이 발행한 프로그램 인쇄물을 영화에 종속된 부가물로서 영화 역사의 단편으로 귀속시키는 것을 넘어, 문자문화와 영상문화, 관객과 영화가 교호하던 독립된 미디어로서 고찰하고자 한다. 1920~1930년대에 단성사는 조선극장, 우미관과 경쟁하는 과정에서 주보와 전단의 발행을 선전 전략의 핵심으로서 중요하게 인식하고 있었다. 이 시기 단성사는 수영사(秀英社)를 비롯한 경성 남촌의 여러 인쇄소를 통해 주보와 전단을 발행함으로써 당대의 선전전(宣傳戰)에서 우위를 점하며 영화문화를 주도하게 된다. 단성사에서 발행한 인쇄물이 큰 효과를 거둘 수 있었던 것은 미디어가 본질적으로 지니고 있는 '매개성'을 전략적으로 잘 활용하고 있었기 때문인데, 이는 크게 세 가지 차원과 관련되어있다. 첫째는, 주보와 전단이 지면을 통해 문자문화와 영상문화를 매개하는 방식이다. 단성사의 인쇄물은 '명멸하는 미디어'로서, 짧은 수명을 상쇄하기 위해 문자와 영상을 변증법적으로 매개하여 하나의 지면에 감각적이고 직관적으로 배치하는 전략을 취했다. 둘째는, 당대의 관객을 팬(fan)으로 호명하며 영화문화와 매개하는 방식이다. 단성사의 인쇄물은 끊임없이 관객을 팬으로 호명하고, 이들을 충성도 높은 집단으로 조직하면서 관객과 영화 사이를 매개하였다. 셋째는, 식민지 조선과, 영화로서의 '세계'를 매개하는 방식이다. 당시의 조선인들은 인쇄매체를 통해 조선과 세계의 '차이'를 감각하고 인식하였다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 1920~1930년대 경성의 문화지형에서 단성사의 인쇄매체가 '명멸하는 미디어'로서 독립된 문화영역을 구축하였음을 밝힐 것이다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.175-175
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• 2009

양자점 (quantum dot) 기반의 반도체 레이저 다이오드(laser diode)는 낮은 문턱전류와 높은 미분 이득 및 높은 특성온도 등과 같은 장점을 갖는다. 이러한 레이저 다이오드의 특성은 양자점 활성층 품질에 의해 큰 영향을 받기 때문에 고품위 양자점 성장에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 양자점 구조 성장시 발생하는 변형 (strain)은 레이저 다이오드의 문턱전류, 발진 파장, 내부양자효율 등과 같은 특성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소이다. 특히, 레이저 다이오드의 고출력 동작을 위해서는 양자점 적층 기술이 중요한데, 이때 양자점 활성층 영역에 많은 변형이 발생한다. 따라서, 양자점 성장후 변형을 감소하기 위한 변형 완화층(strain released layer)에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 변형 완화층 연구의 일환으로 비대칭 변형 완화층의 조성 및 두께 변화에 따른 양자점 파장 변화에 대한 연구를 수행하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.825-834
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• 2000

A heat exchanger analysis is performed to investigate the heating characteristics of cryogenic nitrogen by ambient air for the purpose of cryogenic automotive propulsion. The heat exchanger is a concentric triple-passage for supercritical nitrogen, and the radial fins are attached on the outermost tube for the crossflow of ambient air. The temperature distribution is calculated for the nitrogen along the passage, including the real gas properties of nitrogen, the fluid convections and the conductions through the tube walls and the fins. Since the wall temperature of the outer (ambient side) tube is very low in most cases, a heavy frost can be formed on the surface, affecting the heat exchange performance. By the method of the similarity between the heat and the mass transfer of moist air, the frost growth and the time-dependent effectiveness of the heat exchanger are calculated for various operating conditions. It is concluded that the frost formation can augment the heating of nitrogen during the initial period because of the latent heat, then gradually degrades the heat exchange because of the increased thermal resistance. Practical design issues are discussed for the flow rate of nitrogen, the velocity and humidity of ambient air, and the sizes of the fin.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2004

The incidence of endometriosis in post-operative abdominal scars is rare. We describe two cases of abdominal endometriosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA). Both patients presented with subcutaneous masses at previous cesarean section scars with cyclic symptoms of pain. The cytologic smears were cellular and comprised two distinct cell populations consisting of epithelial and stromal components. An epithelial component consisted of flat sheets of polygonal cells and the second stromal component showed crowded clusters of spindle cells or isolated single cells. Hemosiderin-laden macrophages were found in the background. FNA offers a safe and effective tool for diagnosis of abdominal wall endometriosis.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.457-463
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• 1999

The Joule-Thomson cryocooler with $H_2$gas has been developed. Cool-down characteristics and the cooling performance of a JT cryocooler have been investigated in detail. The JT cryocooler consists of JT expansion valve, heat exchanger, expansion chamber, compressed $H_2$gas storage tank, $LN_2$precooler, heater and a cryostat. The precooling process using both $GN_2$and $LN_2$was peformed to cool down the inside components of cryocooler under the maximum inversion temperature of $H_2$. The $H_2$expansion experiments have been peformed for 2-5MPa of H$_2$pressure to evaluate steady state temperatures of the cryocooler. It is found that the steady state temperatures are decreased as the H$_2$pressures are increased. The effects of cooling temperatures on the performance have been evaluated for various $H_2$and $N_2$pressures. It is seen that the cooling loads are increased, as the cooling temperature and operating pressure are increased.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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• pp.7-11
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• 1999

The recent progress in new cooling techniques of the high Tc superconductor(HTS) systems is reported and discussed with some practical examples. At the beginning stage of the HTS development in research laboratories, liquid nitrogen(LN$_2$) is the standard medium for an effective cooling. The success of HTS in many different application areas, however, has required a variety of need in the cooling temperature and the cooling capacity with specific design restrictions. While the utilization of alternative liquid cryogens such as liquid neon (LNe) or liquid hydrogen (LH$_2$) has been tired in some of them, even solid cryogens such as solid nitrogen (SN$_2$) or solid hydrogen (SH$_2$) may be another option in special applications. The gaseous helium cooled by a cryogenic refrigerator has also been a good candidate in many cases. One of the best cooling methods for the HTS is the direct conduction-cooling by a closed-cycle refrigerator with no cryogen at all. The refrigeration may be based on Joul-Thomson, Brayton, Stirling, Gifford-McMahon, or pulse tube cycles. The pros and cons of the newly proposed cooling methods are described and some significant design issues are presented.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2005

The resistive type high temperature superconducting fault current limiter (HTSFCL) limits the fault current using the resistance generated by fault current. The generated resistance by fault current makes large pulse power which makes the operation of HTSFCL unstable. So, the cryogenic cooling system of the resistive type HTSFCL must diffuse and eliminate the pulse energy very quickly. Although the best way is to make wide direct contact area between HTS winding and coolant as much as possible, HTS winding also needs the impregnation layer which fixes and protects it from electromagnetic force. This paper deals with the thermal conductivity and dielectric strength of some epoxy compounds for the impregnation of high temperature superconducting (HTS) winding in liquid nitrogen. The measured data can be used in the optimal design of impregnation for HTS winding. Aluminar filling increased the thermal conductivity of epoxy compounds. Hardener also affected the thermal and electric characteristic of epoxy compounds.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.54-57
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• 2002

In this study, a new programming method, to minimize the generation of Si-SiO$_2$ interface traps of scaled SONOS flash memory as a function of number of program/erase cycles has been proposed. In the proposed programming method, power supply voltage is applied to the gate, forward biased program voltage is applied to the source and the drain, while the substrate is left open, so that the program is achieved by Modified Fowler-Nordheim (MFN) tunneling of electron through the tunnel oxide over source and drain region. For the channel erase, erase voltage is applied to the gate, power supply voltage is applied to the substrate, and the source and drain are open. A single power supply operation of 3 V and a high endurance of 1${\times}$10$\^$6/ prograss/erase cycles can be realized by the proposed programming method. The asymmetric mode in which the program voltage is higher than the erase voltage, is more efficient than symmetric mode in order to minimize the degradation characteristics of scaled SONOS devices because electrical stress applied to the Si-SiO$_2$ interface is reduced by short programming time.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.576-582
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• 2002

Nonvolatile semiconductor memory devices with reoxidized nitrided oxide(RONO) gate dielectrics were fabricated, and nitrogen distribution and bonding species which contribute to memory characteristics were analyzed. Also, memory characteristics of devices depending on the anneal temperatures were investigated. The devices were fabricated by retrograde twin well CMOS processes with $0.35\mu m$ design rule. The processes could be simple by in-situ process in growing dielectric. The nitrogen distribution and bonding states of gate dielectrics were investigated by Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(D-SIMS), Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(ToF-SIMS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS). As the nitridation temperature increased, nitrogen concentration increased linearly, and more time was required to form the same reoxidized layer thickness. ToF-SIMS results showed that SiON species were detected at the initial oxide interface which had formed after NO annealing and $Si_2NO$ species within the reoxidized layer formed after reoxidation. As the anneal temperatures increased, the device showed worse retention and degradation properties. It could be said that nitrogen concentration near initial interface is limited to a certain quantity, so the excess nitrogen is redistributed within reoxidized layer and contribute to electron trap generation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.855-858
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• 2011

In this paper, in order to suppress unwanted current paths originating from adjacent cells in a passive crossbar array based on resistive random access memory (RRAM) without extrinsic switching devices, 1-diode type RRAM which consists of a 0.2% chromium-doped strontium titanate (Cr-$SrTiO_3$) film deposited on a silicon substrate, was proposed for high packing density, and intrinsic rectifying characteristics from the current versus voltage characteristics were successfully demonstrated.