• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.640-646
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• 1997

To determine variations in leaflet length (LL), leaflet width (LW), leaflet size (LS), and leaflet shape index (LSI), and their association with eight agronomic traits, characterization data of 884 soybean accessions which were grown in the autumn of 1992 in Taiwan were analyzed. LL ranged from 4.3 to 14.7 cm, and LW ranged from 2.8 to 9.7 cm. Also, LS (LL $\times$ LW) ranged from 12.1 to 124.6 $\textrm{cm}^2$. The absolute variation of LL, LW, and LS was not large because of limitation in vegetative growth by short day length. None was classified as a large leaflet based on the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) descriptors. LSI (LL /LW) ranged from 1.21 to 3.06, and three accessions were classified as narrow leaflet. There were differences in ranges and means of LL, LW, LS, and LSI between and within temperate and tropical accessions. LL, LW, LS, and LSI had highly significant positive correlations with seven agronomic traits and highly significant negative correlation with 100-seed weight except LW for all accessions. There was variation in the closeness of association among leaflet traits, and between and within temperate and tropical accessions. Generally, LL, LW, and LS were more closely associated with days to flowering, plant height at $R_1$ and $R_8$, number of pods per plant; LSI was more closely associated with 100-seed weight than other traits.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2010

Seven rice germplasms with red pigmentation within the pericarp were isolated from a large mutant collection. These red pericarp phenotypes resulted from the functions of the Rc, Rd and RdRc genes. Among them, two brown pericarp of the Rc type, four red pericarp of the RdRc type, and one white pericarp of the Rd type were identified. Morphological and agronomic characteristics of those rice germplasms were studied. The Rc type germplasms have the faint red or brown color pericarp and the Rd types produce the white pericarp, whereas the RdRc type germplasms have the dark red pericarp. Most of the important agronomic characteristics including plant stature, tillering ability, spikelet fertility, and total grain yield were lower in the colored rice than those of the wild-type control. All of the studied colored rice germplasms had a tendency of easy seed-shattering in comparison to the control. These characteristics of newly identified germplasms will be useful for identifying the genes responsible for pericarp color phenotype determination.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.644-658
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• 2021

Understanding the functional traits of dominant species in urban ecosystems provides insight into species' trait adaptation and ecosystem function in response to fragmented and isolated urban vegetation and reduced biological interactions. This study compared means and variances of environmental factors (geographic, meteorological, and soil attributes) and 4 leaf traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry mass content, and leaf shape index) and 7 reproductive traits (fruit width, fruit length, fruit shape, fruit dry weight, fruit dry matter content, seed weight, and seed ratio) measured of 40 Sorbus alnifolia individuals in four mountainous areas south of Seoul downtown, South Korea. We then performed the multivariate analysis of trait combinations. While the measured environmental factors indicated the individuality of the survey sites, the urban vegetation was drier and had a longer growth period. The leaves of S. alnifolia in the urban areas were smaller and heavier, and the fruits produced longer and lighter seeds, showing the traits affected by long urbanization. The study confirmed changes in the growth and reproduction mechanism of the S. alnifolia population under the urban environment, indicating reduced biological interaction due to vegetation fragmentation and isolation. This study provides limited but distinct ecological information about the function and persistence of key species in cities with a reduced scale of biological interactions and many negative environmental factors such as air pollution.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.275-285
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• 2020

Two specimens presumed to be hybrids of Rhodeus pseudosericeus and R. notatus were collected from the Sangcheon Stream of the Han River, Korea. The body color of natural hybrid individuals was yellowish brown, showing the intermediate characteristics of R. pseudosericeus and R. notatus, but overall, the characteristics of R. notatus were similar. Meristic and morphometric characters, the number of dorsal fin rays, anal fin rays and longitudinal row scales showed a hybrid index (HI) of 0, indicating the characters of R. notatus. The hybrid index of predorsal length (HI=74.6), preanal length (HI=75.3), and preventral length (HI=77.6) were similar to the characters of the R. pseudosericeus. Also four characters were appeared to have intermediate characters between R. pseudosericeus and R. notatus; number of gill rakers (HI=55.3), body depth (HI=67.9), snout length (HI=43.4), and inter orbital width (HI=44.8). The rest of 14 characters deviated between 0 and 100, showing unique characteristics of hybrid individuals. Recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) analysis, hybrids were identified as natural hybrids due to the overlapping peaks of their parent species. Also, as a result of analysis using the cytochrome b gene (COB), one individual was derived from R. pseudosericeus, while the other was derived from R. notatus.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.78-83
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• 1979

Eight characters namely stalk length of trifoliate, stalk length of terminal leaflets, length of terminal leaflets, width of terminal leaflets, area of terminal leaflets, length of laternalleaflets, width of laternal leaflets, area of laternal leaflets in leaf parts of soybeans were measured to estimate the heritability values in percentage and relationships between those characters. Five parents and six different $_{x}\textrm{F}_2 generations and two backcross generations were used as the materials. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Eight quantitative characters were differ from varieties. and hybrids from different cross combinations. 2. Heritability values of stalk length were showed the lowest, values of leaf length were lower than those of leaf width in both of main leaflets and laternal leaflets, and other values of leaf area in main and laternal leaflets were showed the highest values. 3. It was also recognized that there were close relationships between leaf length and leaf area, leaf width and leaf area in main leaflets and laternal leaflets, and area of main leaflets and laternal leaflets. There was, however, no any relationship between stalk length and other characters, and between length and width of main leaflets and laternal leaflets.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 1992

Environmental parameters and physiological characteristics of heterotrophic bacterial isolates were compared by factor analysis to investigate the influences of river barrage construction on the ecosystem of Naktong River Estuary. Aftcr the construction of river barrage, the influence of seawater was no longer significant. ant1 the influences of nutrients loading were increased from 50.7% to 77.1% of the environmental variances before and after the construction, respectively. The interpretations of features of bacterial physiological characteristics were closely related to environmental parameters as the results of factor analysis. But. differing from the environmental variances. it was found that the halophilic feature was the third factor of bacterial characteristics after the construction of river barrage. This suggests that the stability of Naktong estuarine ecosystem and heterotrophic bacterial characteristics are not established till now.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2002

수세공정을 거치지 않고 어육 단백질의 용해도 특성을 이용하여 pH 2.5 부근과 pH 10.5 부근에서 어육 단백질을 가용화 시킨 후 최소 용해도를 보이는 pH 5.2 부근에서 침전시켜 회수하고, pH를 7.0으로 조절한 후 법동 변성 방지제를 첨가하여 수리미를 조제하는 공정이 개발(Choi and Park, 2000; Yongsawatdigul and Park, 2001)됨에 따라 소실되는 근형질 단백질을 회수함으로서 수리미 수율을 최대로 증가시킬 수 있게 되었다(Kim et al., 2001, 2002; Choi et al., 2002). (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2000

김(Porphyra)속 식물은 색깔, 체형, 크기, 촉감 등의 식별형질에 근거하여 분류가 시작되었고, Kurogi는 일본산 김속 식물의 분류학적 연구를 개괄하면서 김속의 식별형질로서 엽체의 세포층수, 거치상 돌기의 유무, 생식유형, 정자낭반의 형태, 정자낭 및 과포자낭 분열형식, 무성포자의 형성 유무, 지리적 분포, 각포자의 형태 및 생태적 특성 등을 종합하였다. 그러나 전통적인 분류 특징을 가지고 70종이나 되는 김을 분류한다는 것은 지금까지 불충분하여왔다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.126-127
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• 2004

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2018

Sweetener is one of the additives that makes you feel sweet. Artificial sweeteners and sugar are typical examples, and sweetness proteins with sweetness characteristics have been widely studied. These studies elucidated the transformation lettuce cells with Agrobacterium method for stable production of natural sweet proteins, brazzein, thaumatin, and miraculin. In this paper, we report use of a plant expression system for production of sweet proteins. A synthetic gene encoding sweet proteins was placed under the control of constitutive promoters and transferred to lettuce. High and genetically stable expression of sweetener was confirmed in leaves by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Sweet proteins expressed in transgenic lettuce had sweetness-inducing activity. Results demonstrate recombinant sweet proteins correctly processed in transgenic lettuce plants, and that this production system could be a viable alternative to production from the native plant.