• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 1993

The experiment was conducted to estasblish the large scale production of anti-serum against chicken IgG and to profile the developmental changes of serum IgG levels during all the feeding period(from hatching to 7 weeks of age) in broiler chicks. Blood sample were taken from Hubbard chicken hi-daily or /and weekly during the experimental period. The pure IgG was isolated from ammonium sulfate treated chicken serum by ion exchange chromatography. The quantitative assay of serum IgG were carried by RID method. It was observed that IgG concentrations were showed the highest at hatching(4.25 $m\ell$/$m\ell$), after that dicreased rapidly, lowest at 2 weeks of age(0.81 $m\ell$/$m\ell$), and gradually increased to 7 weeks of age (2.48 $m\ell$/$m\ell$) There was no differences of IgG level between sex, but the IgG levels of male chicks dicreased more rapidly and increased earlier thereafter than those of females during the first two weeks of agg.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1990

The direct wet mount examination of vaginal. secretion, widely applied for the diagnosis of Trichcmonas vaginalis infection in woman patients, is rapi4 and economical, however, the sensitivity of this technique is not so high. In this study enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed for the detection of serum anti-T. vaginalis IgG and IsM antibodies from 30 vaginal trichomoniasis patients and 30 non-infected healthy persons. The results were as follows: 1. Serum ELISA-IgG value was $0.37{\pm}0.134(Mean{\pm}S.D.)$ in vaginal trichomoniasis patients and $0.21{\pm}0.054$ in healthy controls(P<0.005), and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for serum IgG antibody were 70.0% and 96.7%, respectively. 2. Serum ELISA-IgM value was $0.33{\pm}0.177 (Mean{\pm}S.D.)$ in vaginal trichomonlasls patients and $0.11{\pm}0.051$ in healthy controls (p<0.005), and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for serum IsM antibody were 70.0% and 96.7%, respectively. 3, The ELISA-IgG values showed a significant correlation with ELISA-IgM values(r=0.77, p<0.005) , With above results, it is assumed that ELISA is a reliable method for the diagnosis of T vaginalis infection and simultaneous measurement of serum IgG and IgM with this technique is recommended.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.132-140
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• 2018

Purpose: The number of dengue fever cases is rising due to increasing overseas travel. Vaccination makes severe dengue fever in seronegative individuals after vaccination when they exposure to wild-type dengue virus. We investigated the seroepidemiology of the dengue virus for monitoring of Korean dengue virus immunity and establishing the prevention of dengue infection. Methods: The study was based on 446 residual sera collected from 98 infants (2 months to 1 year old), 152 adolescents (13 to 19 years old), 90 adults (20 to 50 years old), and 106 elderly participants (more than 65 years old) for other studies. Antibody levels for dengue virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) in each age group were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For each dengue virus IgG positive or equivocal result, an IgG ELISA was performed for Japanese encephalitis virus. Results: Of the 446 serum samples, only 1 (0.2%) adolescent had a positive result from the dengue IgG antibody test. In the dengue virus IgG antibody test, 14 (3.1%) samples showed equivocal results (10 adolescents and 4 elderly). In the 1 positive case of dengue virus IgG, the Japanese encephalitis IgG test was also positive. In the 14 equivocal cases of dengue virus IgG, there were 6 positive, 3 equivocal, and 5 negative of Japanese encephalitis IgG. Conclusions: The seroprevalence rate of dengue virus was very low in Koreans. This study provides important data for establishing the policy for preventive measures of dengue fever. It will be necessary to continuously monitor for dengue virus immunity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 1988

To determine the source of Cysticercus·specIfic IgG antibody in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), paired samples of serum and CSF were collected from confirmed neurocysticercosis, other neurologic diseases and normal control. The antibody levels in serum and CSF were measured by ensyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). With the measurement of total protein, albumin and IgG concentration in serum and CSF, the contribution of IgG in CSF were calculated in transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis using the formula of Tourtellotte and Ma (1978). Mean concentrations of total protein, albumin, IgG and proportional IgG levels in CSF by transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis were elevated in neurocysticercosis. But only the intracranial synthesis of IgG showed a statistically significant correlation with the specific IgG antibody levels in CSF. In CSF from lateral ventricle in the 4th ventricular neurocysticercosis, the protein concentrations were normal and the specific antibody levels were negative. However, in consecutively secured lumbar CSF from the same patients, the former were increased and the latter were positive. These results indicated that, in neurocysticercosis, the specific IgG antibody in CSF was a local product of intracranial synthesis.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2013

Purpose: The cross-protection of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) against vaccine-related serotypes has been controversial. We investigated the serological properties of cross-protective antibodies against vaccine-related serotypes 6A, 6C, and 19A induced in young children aged 12-23 months after booster immunization of PCV7. Methods: IgG and IgM antibody concentrations and opsonic index (OI) against vaccine serotypes 6B and 19F and vaccine-related serotypes 6A, 6C, and 19A were measured by ELISA and opsonophagocytic killing assay (OPA) in 4 selected immunesera. The serological properties and antigenic specificity of protective antibodies were determined by IgM depletion of immunesera, OPA, and competitive OPA against serogroup 6 and 19 pneumococci. Results: Compared to pre-IgM depleted immunesera, OI of IgM-depleted immunesera against 6B and 19F decreased and OI against 6A, 6C, and 19A decreased, too. In competition OPA, free 6B and 19F polysaccharide completely inhibited the immune protection against vaccine-related serotypes 6A, 6C, and 19A as well as vaccine types 6B and 19F. Conclusions: The booster immunization of PCV7 certainly induced cross-protective antibodies against vaccine-related serotypes 6A, 6C, and 19A with both IgG and IgM isotypes. Furthermore, IgM antibodies are more highly contributed to opsonophagocytic activity against vaccine-related serotypes as well as most of vaccine types than do IgG antibodies. Further studies are needed for the more immunized sera in the children as well as adults.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.397-402
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• 1991

Paragonimus westermani is a common fluke in Korea. The present study aimed to determine serum total IgE and specific IgG levels in experimental paragonimiasis of rats. Each Wistar rat was inoculated orally with 20~25 metacercariae of P. westermani from Cambaroides similis. Before and after infection(1,2,3,4,6,8 weeks) of P. westermani, the blood was collected from the retro- orbital venous plexus of rats and kept serum at $-70^{\circ}C$. Serum total IgE and specific IgG levels were determined by the capture and conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The results were as follows; 1. Serum IgE values were increased to 0. 18${\pm}$0.042 at 2 weeks, $0.28{\pm}0.151$ at 4 weeks and 0.43${\pm}0.055$ at 8 weeks after infection. The absorbances of non-infected rats ranged $0.07{\pm}0.021~0.12{\pm}0.025$. 2. Specific IgG values were slightly increased at 3 weeks ($0.20{\pm}$0.032) and gradually increased up to 8 weeks($0.31{\pm}0.067$) after infection. The absorbances of non-infected rats ranged $0.11{\pm}0.035~0.18{\pm}0.019$. The present results suggested that p. westermani could elevate serum IgE and specific IgG antibodies in Wistar rats which were not a good definitive host.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 1997

Clonorchis sinearis is a liver fluke which is the most prevalent helminth of humans in Korea. The better diagnostic measure of clonorchiasis is required for its nationwide control program. The present study observed antigenic bands of C. sinensis and reacting immunoglobulins in serum of infected residents. Adult C. sinensis were recovered from experimentally infected rabbits and soluble crude extract of the worms was used as the antigen after supplementation of E-64, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor. SDS- PAGE of the crude antigen resolved more than 20 protein bands between 200 and 14 kDa. The sera of infected humans collected at an endemic village showed specific IgG and IgE antibodies but little IgM and IgA antibodies. The protein bands of 94, 80, 72, 68, 52, 47, 43, 37, 34, and 28-25 kDa strongly reacted with serum Ig(GMA) or IgG antibody and 64, 62, 52, 47,44, 34,28, and 26 kDa bands reacted with serum IgE antibody. However, the 94, 80, 72, 68, 64, 62, 52, 47, and 40 kDa bands of C. sinensis antigen were found non specific. The protein bands of 43, 34, and 28-25 kDa of C. sinensis are primary target molecules of further analysis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-41
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• 1986

The applicability of micro-ELISA was evaluated in human neuro-cysticercosis using paired samples of serum and CSF. A total of 355 cases who were mostly neurologic patients was subjected. Cystic fluid of C. cellulosae was used as antigen in protein concentration of $2.5{\;}{\mu}g/ml$. Serum was diluted to 1 : 100 and CSF was undiluted in the assay for the specific IgG antibody level. The differential criterion of the positive reaction was the abs. of o. 18 in both samples. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The overall sensitivity of the micro-ELISA in 71 confirmed neurocysticercosis was 90.1% ; the sensitivity by serum was 77.5% and that by CSF was 83.1%. CSF was a more sensitive and valuable material. Most of the false negative cases of neuro-cysticercosis showed far lower level of abs. rather than marginal. 2. The overall specificity of the micro-ELISA in 52 confirmed other neurologic diseases was 88.5%; the specificities by serum and by CSF were 94.2% respectively. Cases of other neurologic diseases did not show false positive reactions in both samples. 3. When serum was assayed, taeniasis(2/18), sparganosis(2/20), paragonimiasis(1/56), clonorchiasis(1/15) and fascioliasis(1/1) cases showed cross reactions. When CSF was assayed, 2 ot 10 neuro-sparganosis showed cross reactions while none of 9 neuro-paragonimiasis showed it. Out of 71 confirmed neuro-cysticercosis cases, 6 and 11 showed cross reactions by serum and CSF to crude extract antigen of sparganum; but no case did show it to crude extract antigen of Paragonimus westermani. 4. Ventricular CSF showed low or negative levels of IgG antibody than lumbar CSF unless the lesion was at the lateral ventricle itself. 5. Out of 4 racemose cysticercosis cases, 3 showed positive reaction in serum while all of 3 examined CSF were positive. The above results indicated that the serological test for detecting the specific IgG antibody by micro-ELISA using paired samples of serum and CSF was very helpful for clinical differentiation of neuro-cysticercosis from neurologic diseases of other causes.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 1993

The experiment was conducted to compare the effects of supplements of copper, vitamin I and selenium on growth and immune responses of broiler chicks fed cornsoy diets. The basal diet contained 21% crude protein, 2,800 kcal ME, 10 mg Vitamin E, 10 mg copper and 0.1 mg selenium per kg diet. Additions of the basal diet were copper (150mg and 250 mg/kg) or combination of vitamin I(200 mg/kg) and selenium(2 mg/kg). Serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) concentrations and body weight gain were determined weekly from hatching to 7 weeks of age. Additions of copper(150mg, 250mg) to the basal diet were showed, at the four weeks of age, 4.8% and 4.5% higher in body weight gain than that of control group, respectively. The active immune system of copper and (Vit. E＋Se) treated groups developed one week earlier than control group(basal diet). Negative correlation between IgG concentration and body weight gain was showed at the period from hatching to three weeks of age and, thereafter, positive correlation were identified (p＜0.01). Mortality rates were observed lower in all treated groups than that of control. In conclusion, the lower the levels of serum IgG, at the first two weeks of age, the lower in disease Infection and the higher in body weight gain.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.501-507
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• 2009

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin disease in children and a characteristic chronically recurrent form of dermatitis with a hereditary tendency, affecting infants and may extend to the childhood or th the adult age. Environmental factors, stress, and foodstuffs such as milk, egg may cause atopic dermatitis. Nc/Nga mice were used as an animal model for human atopic dermatitis. The divided by 4group such as normal group, BMAC group, FK506 group, MR group for this study raised in conventional conditions. To investigate effect of Chamomile German on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice, the serum IgE and IgG1 level were measured while the severity degree of the skin lesion was examined by the naked eyes of two volunteers who were unaware of the treatment status. The results were the followings. 1. The score on the severity degree of skin dermatitis in FK 506 and MR group was lower than that in control group. 2. The serum IgE level in control group was higher 25% than that in normal group. 3. The serum level of IgE in FK506 and MR group compares to control group was decreased. 4. The serum IgG1 level was decreased more than 3.5 times in FK506 compared to control group while MR group had significantly less the serum IgG1 than control group. From the above results, treatment of Chamomile German oil had the effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. If scientific researches on aroma oil are performed in various way, aroma oil will be used to cure skin dermatitis as a alternative therapy in the future.