• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

Total body water is increased after cardiopulmonary bypass resulting in tissue edema and organ dysfunction. Ultrafiltration has been used to reduce this accumulation of water. We have carried out a prospective randomized study in 17 children undergoing open heart surgery, comparing modified ultrafiltration(MUF) with nonfiltered controls. MUF was carried out for about 10 minutes after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass to a hematocrit 36∼42%. Blood loss, blood transfused, hemodynamics, and laboratory data were recorded for 24 hours postoperatively. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test, comparing controls(n=7) to ultrafiltered(n=10). There was no death in each group. The mean filtrate volume(ml/kg) was 42(30∼68). Blood loss(ml/kg/24hr) was 14.5 mean(4.0∼26.6) in controls versus 12.1 mean(6.0∼21.5) in MUF(P＞0.05) ; blood transfused(ml/kg/24hr) was 9.4 mean (6.0∼36.3) in controls versus 3.4 mean(0∼11.4) in MUF(P<0.05). There was rise in arterial blood pressure during MUF. Percent rise of systolic blood pressure was 4.2(0∼11.7) in controls versus 19.8(7.0∼36.9) in MUF(P=0.001). Percent rise of diastolic blood pressure was 10.0(1.6∼20.8) in controls versus 30.6(5.8∼73.3) in MUF(P<0.05). Platelet count, fibrinogen, and oncotic pressure rose after MUF. No complications directly attributable to the ultrafiltration were observed. Conclusively, MUF is safe, effective means of removing body water and beneficial to hemodynamics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 1998

Homologous blood transfusion entails substantial risks, including allergic reactions, transmission diseases such as hepatitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Autotransfusion system is a common method of reducing the need for homologous blood transfusion during cardiac operation. Between July 1993 and July 1995, a series of 40 patients undergoing open heart surgery was selected to an autotransfusion group(n=20) or a control group(n=20). The cell saver system(AT1000, Electromedics, Englewood, CO, USA) was employed for autotransfusion. With this system, shed blood in operative field during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) and remained blood in cardiotomy reservior after CPB was aspirated by means of a locally heparinized collecting system. After centrifuge salvaged blood, the resulting red cell concentrate reinfused subsequently. The amounts of blood loss were 766.5$\pm$121.3 ml in cell saver group, 770.1$\pm$113.6 ml in control group, and there were no significant differences between two groups(P=NS). The amounts of blood transfused were 2.91$\pm$1.72 units in cell saver group, 4.82$\pm$1.72 units in control group. Composition of processed blood by cell saver was hemoglobin 17.4 gm%, hematocrit 56.4%, RBC 5,780,000/ul, WBC 9,900/ul, and platelet 33,000/ul. There was no complication related to cell saver. Conclusively, cell saver autotransfusion system is safe, effective method for reducing the homologous blood trasfusion in cardiac surgery.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.757-764
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• 2015

The immature fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel (bokbunja in Korean) is mainly consumed as a fruit wine due to its sour taste and low sugar content. The lees (LBW) remaining after the production of bokbunja wine are discarded as they have no specific usage. The aim of this study was to develop high-value-added biomaterials for functional foods and beauty/health products by investigating the anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombosis activities of LBW using ethanol and hot water extracts and their subsequent organic solvent fractions. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of LBW extracts has a high polyphenol content (413–459 mg/g), and showed strong anti-microbial activity against gram-positive bacteria. The EA fraction also showed excellent radical-scavenging activity against DPPH anion, ABTS cation, and nitrite, with strong reducing power. The polyphenol-enriched EA fraction strongly inhibited thrombin, prothrombin, and blood coagulation factors. The butanol fraction showed a specific inhibition of coagulation factors, as measured in activated partial thromboplastin time assay, which is linked to intrinsic blood coagulation. The butanol fraction also showed strong inhibition of platelet aggregation, at levels comparable to aspirin. The residue of the hot-water extract, which is produced by sequential solvent fractionation of the LBW extract, showed superior inhibition against platelet aggregation when compared to aspirin. Our results suggest that the LBW, which are currently discarded, are a promising source of novel functional foods and beauty/health products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.705-711
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• 2022

A 46-year-old male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis underwent a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for refractory ascites. On the 9th day after the procedure, he presented with melena and decreasing hemoglobin levels. Hemobilia due to fistula formation between the right intrahepatic bile duct and right hepatic artery was suspected on computed tomography. Angiography revealed a fistula of the small branches of the hepatic segmental arteries, and right intrahepatic bile duct was confirmed; embolization was successfully performed with a coil for the eighth segmental hepatic artery, a glue-lipiodol mixture for the fifth segmental hepatic artery, and gelfoam slurry for the right anterior hepatic artery. However, 2 days after embolization, the patient died owing to aggravated disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. When gastrointestinal bleeding occurs after TIPS, careful evaluation is immediately required, and hemobilia should be considered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.465-469
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• 2004

Exudative pleural effusion can arise from pneumonia, tuberculosis, cancer, etc. Early drainage is needed for prevention of complications such as pleural fibrosis, thickening, bronchopleural fistulae and decline of lung function. Intrapleural Instillation of fibrinolytic enzymes has been used for 50years as an adjunct in the removal of fibrous material, hematoma and pus from the thoracic cavity. By the local fibrinolytic effect on fibrinous exudates within the pleural space, fibrinolytic agent has improved results of chest tube or pig tail drainage. But there were no controlled randomized studies, so significant controversy exists concerning the efficacy of this therpy, especially tuberculous pleurisy. Furthermore about complication, severe spontaneous bleeding has not been reported with intrapleural urokinase. Intrapleural fibrinolytic enzymes has shows no systemic complication. When it is administrated intravenously, not into intrpleural space, major bleeding is reported about 1-3% of patient, especially they had systemic disease, such as coagulation abnormalities. This case report presents a patient who suffered major hemothorax induced hypovolemic shock following the administration of 100,000 units of urokinase intrapleurally. He was 25-year old male with tuberculosis pleurisy without systemic illness demonstraion.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.369-375
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• 1997

We have isolated an anticoagulant polysaccharide from the alkali extracts of Coriolus versicolor. The anticoagulant polysaccharide was purified through a gradual ethanol precipitation and three concecutive chromatography of DEAE-Toyopearl 650C, Sephadex G-100, and Sepharose CL-6B by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The anticoagulant polysaccharide showed the homogenecity on HPLC using a gel permeation column and had about $7.2{\times}10^{5}$ molecular weight. The polysaccharide consisted of fucose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.2:0.2:0.1, and also compromised 19.32% of sulfate at its constituent sugars. The polysaccharide showed the two typical bands of C-O-S $(823\;cm^{-1})$ and S=O $(1257\;cm^{-1})$ in the IR spectroscopy. The sulfated polysaccharide (CV-40-Va-1) inhibited the blood coagulation via the intrinsic pathway like heparin whose activity produced a concentration dependent effect in aPTT and thrombin time (TT).

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 1998

The medium optimization was investigated to maximize the production of fibrinolytic enzyme by Bacillus subtilis KCK-7 isolated from Chungkookjang, which could hydrolyze the fibrin produced through the blood coagulation mechanism in human body. The simultaneous addition of 5% soluble starch and 0.5% cellobiose to the medium as carbon sources resulted in the highest production of the fibrinolytic enzyme. Likewise, the optimized composition of medium appeared to be 0.5% peptone, 0.3% beef extract, 0.5% cellobiose, 5% soluble starch, 2% raw soybean meal and 0.02% Na$_2$HPO$_4$. In addition, the fibrinolytic enzyme production by Bacillus subtilis KCK-7 reached to the maximum level after the cultivation for 48 hr, using the optimized medium.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.219-224
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• 2001

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a thrombotic disorder characterized by the association of arterial and venous thrombosis with the antibodies directed toward phospholipids. The presence of these antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) has been shown to be related to several clinical and analytical alterations. We experienced one case of lupus nephritis with positive antiphospholipid antibodies in a 10-year-old girl whose chief complaint was persistent microscopic hematuria. We report this case with a brief review of related literatures. (J. Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2001 ;5 : 219-24)

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.311-316
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• 2016

This study was designed to develop the functional beverage using Salicornia herbacea L (SH). To evaluate the anti-oxidation and anti-thrombosis activities of SH, the ethanol extracts of leaf (LF), stem (ST) and seed (SD) of SH were prepared. Components analysis showed the total polyphenol of LF > ST > SD, and the total flavonoid of LF > SE > ST, respectively. Amounts of total sugar and reducing sugar of LF and ST were similar, but the SD had only 1/10 of sugar contents of LF. Anti-oxidation activities of each extract determined by calculated RC₅₀ showed LF > SD > ST for DPPH anion, nitrite and reducing power, and LF = SD > ST for ABTS cation scavenging activity, respectively. In anti-coagulation assay, SD showed strong inhibition activity against thrombin and blood coagulation factors. All the extracts had no platelet aggregation activities against human platelet and no hemolysis against human RBC. Our results suggest that the SD from SH has a great potential as a new anti-coagulation agent.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.156-160
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• 2007

We evaluated the newly developed plastic sodium citrate tubes for routine coagulation test by direct comparison with glass citrate theophylline adenosine dipyridamole (CTAD) tubes. Blood was drawn from 100 patients into glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. After collection, samples were centrifuged at 1500 ${\times}$g for 15 min at $22^{\circ}C$. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen were measured by using the Coagrex-800 (IRC, Japan). We used comparison plot by linear regression model and difference plot graphs to compare the results of the independent measurements of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. On the comparison study between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes, the correlation coefficients (R) were 0.99 for PT, 0.97 for aPTT and 0.97 for fibrinogen. This results implicated good correlation of each parameter between two tubes. Although the difference plot graph analysis showed statistically significant differences between glass and plastic tubes for PT, aPTT and fibrinogen, the range of difference was acceptable according to the CLSI/NCCLS guideline. The plastic sodium citrate tubes showed good correlation with the glass CTAD tubes, so it can substitute glass citrate tube for routine coagulation tests.