• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2019

Moringa oleifera Lam (MOL) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat various cancers and inflammation. Whereas the bioactivities of the MOL leaf and seed are well reported, the study of the root is still rudimentary. In this study, the ethanol extract of MOL (EEMOL) and its subsequent organic solvent fractions were prepared and their anticoagulation activity in vitro and platelet aggregation inhibitory activity were evaluated. The EEMOL had negligible anticoagulation and strong platelet aggregation activities. However, the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of EEMOL showed significant inhibition against thrombin, prothrombin, coagulation factors, and platelet aggregation, without hemolytic activity up to 1.0 mg/ml. Our results suggest that the active fractions of MOL root have potential as new anti-thrombosis agents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1155-1162
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• 2013

Estrogen like activities were evaluated using ethanol and hot water extracts of gongjindan (GJD) and 3 types of brown algae by an in vitro detection system. Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida represented statistically significant (p<0.001) estrogen like activities, while GJD and Ecklonia stolonifera did not. Furthermore, activities of hot water extracts ($500{\mu}g/ml$) of Laminaria japonica and three mixture (Ecklonia stolonifera : Undaria pinnatifida : Laminaria japonica, 1: 1: 1) were stronger than that of $10^{-7}M$ $17{\beta}$-estradiol. These results suggest that Laminaria japonica contain estrogen like compounds. Based on these results, the prepared seaweed GJD were used for animal experiments about the effects on inhibition of platelet aggregation and serum lipid levels in ovariectomized rats. 9-week Old female SD-rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups as sham-operated rats, ovariectomized rats and ovariectomized rats that were treated with GJD. The rats were placed on prescribed diets for 5 weeks following ovariectomy. Total cholesterol and triglyceride contents on serum decreased in the SHAM group compared to the OVX-CON group. 5 weeks feeding of GJD resulted in significant lowering of triglyceride and a decreasing tendency of total cholesterol level. The level of HDL-cholesterol on serum increased significantly by feeding diets containing the GJD. The ability of platelet aggregation of group treated with GJD was less than that of the OVX-CON group. These results suggest that the beneficial effects of seaweed gongjindan may be used to improve menopausal syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2016

The principal objective of this study was to produce a chitosan nanoparticle (NP) system for improving blood circulation. Chitosan NPs were prepared using fucoidan and $poly-{\gamma}-glutamic$ acid (PGA), denoted as CS/Fu and CS/Fu/PGA NPs, respectively. As the chitosan concentration was increased, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of the NPs significantly increased (p<0.05). When the concentration of fucoidan and ${\gamma}-PGA$ was 5-20 and $1-10{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, the size of the CS/Fu and CS/Fu/PGA NPs was approximately 200 and 100 nm, respectively. With an increase in the fucoidan and PGA concentration, the APTT of CS/Fu and CS/Fu/PGA NPs significantly increased (p<0.05). These results suggest that CS/Fu and CS/Fu/PGA NPs could be used as a potent NP system for improving blood circulation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1068-1075
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• 2018

Kaempferia parviflora, an herbaceous plant in the family Zingiberaceae, is popular in many tropical regions. It is called as black ginger or krachaidum in Thailand and Laos, and its raw or dried root have been used as spices and teas. The rhizomes also have been traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, gout, dysentery, allergies and to improve physical work capacity. Recently, its anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and blood clot-lysis activities were reported. In this study, the anti-thrombosis activity of black ginger was investigated, since improvement in blood fluidity leads to the prevention of various lifestyle-related diseases. The hot water and ethanol extract and their subsequent solvent fractions (hexane, ethylacetate, butanol fractions and water residue) were prepared, and their anti-coagulation and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities were determined, respectively. Among the black ginger extracts and their fractions, the ethylacetate fraction (EAF) of ethanol extract only showed significant extensions of blood coagulation time determined by thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). At 5 mg/ml concentration, TT, PT and aPTT were extended to 1.22, 1.49 and >15-folds compared to non-treatment. The EAFs of ethanol and hot water extract showed strong inhibitions against collagen-induced platelet aggregations, which are comparable to inhibitions of aspirin. Also the EAFs from black ginger did not show any hemolysis activity against human RBC up to 0.5 mg/ml. Our results suggest that the EAF of black ginger has a potential as novel anti-coagulation and ant-platelet aggregation agent. This report provides the first evidence of anti-coagulation activity of black ginger.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.684-688
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• 1996

In order to search for antithrombotic peptides from soybean paste, the inhibitory activity of water extract of soybean paste and its peptide fractions on ADP-induced aggregation of washed platelets was assayed. Soybean paste extract treated with ultrafiltration (M.W. cut off, 3,000 daltons) was found to have inhibitory activity of 90% at the dose of $96\;{\mu}g/ml$ by the method of turbidometric aggregometer. Soybean paste extract was fractionated to 19 fractions (No. B-18) by Dowex 50W X-2 ion exchange column chromatography and activity test was performed by the microplate method. All of the fractions had antithrombotic activity $(IC_{50},\;101,000\;{\mu}g/ml)$, and most fractions had higher activity than positive control, RGDS $(IC_{50}.\;205\;{\mu}g/ml)$. Especially, basic fractions No.16-18 showed higher activity than soybean paste extract $(IC_{50},\;30\;{\mu}g/ml)$. The fraction No.16 with the highest activity $(IC_{50},\;10\;{\mu}g/ml)$ was purified and analysed for amino acid composition. The results showed that histidine, arginine, and alanine were major residues in the peptide part of the fraction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2022

Dystaenia takesimana is an endemic plant found only in Korea, especially on Ulleung Island. The leaves and roots of D. takesimana have been used as food, forage, and oriental medicine. Anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibition biological activities have been reported in the plant's root extract. However, studies concerning the anti-thrombosis activities of D. takesimana are still in the rudimentary stage. In this study, the extracts of the leaf (DT-L), stem (DT-S), and root (DT-R) of D. takesimana were prepared using 70% ethanol, and their anti-thrombosis activities were evaluated. DT-L extracts (0.25 mg/ml) showed strong inhibitions against platelet aggregation, comparable to aspirin, with strong radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, the DT-L extract did not show any RBC hemolysis up to 1 m/ml. The ant-coagulation and antioxidant activities of the DT-S extract were ignorable. While the DT-R extract showed inhibitions against thrombin and blood coagulation factors, it also showed strong platelet aggregation. This is a first report of the anti-thrombosis activities of D. takesimana, and our results suggest that DT-L could be developed as a valuable bioresource for high value-added products.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.817-822
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• 1997

Inhibitory mechanism of the anticoagulant polysaccharide purified from the fruit body of Coriolus versicolor was investigated in this paper. The anticoagulant polysaccharide (CV-40-Va-1) was proposed to have functions of the inhibition of intrinsic pathway in the blood coagulation pathway together with the interuption of a human platelet aggregation induced by von Willebrand factor (vWF). CV-40-Va-I inhibited other factors of the coagulation cascade such as factor VIII, IX, and as well as thrombin. Especially, CV-40-Va-I inhibited the fibrin formation mediated by thromin, however the polysaccharide did not affect the fibrin formation directly but affected the anticoagulant activity through the activation of antithrombin III. The sulfation of the anticoagulant polysaccharide increased the anticoagulant activity, showing that the sulfate concentration of anticoagulant polysaccharide was important factor in the blood coagulation cascade. Low molecular weight subfraction (MW 1,000) obtained by partial hydrolysis of the CV-40-Va-1 generated potent antiplatelet activity, but showed decreased anticoagulant activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.511-515
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• 2002

Paeoniae radix has been considered as one of the most important crude drugs used in traditional oriental medicine and has been employed as a circulatory tonic in care of weakness, night sweats, and lumbar pain, etc. Platelet activation plays an important role in thrombosis and haemostasis. Active compounds for the inhibition of platelet activation from Paeoniae radix were extracted and fractionated into five fractions. Its fraction two and three of ethyl acetate extract inhibited the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets induced by collagen. Two active compounds, bezoyloxypaeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were isolated from fraction two and three by silica gel column and high performance liquid chromatography. The chemical structures were determined by comparison of their proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Benzoyloxypaeoniflorin showed strong inhibition at the concentration of 100 ug/mL against collagen-induced washed rabbit platelets aggregation. It is suggested that Paeoniae radix has become food material to prevent a cardiovascular disease.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 1982

It was undertake to investigate the factors involved in the micro thrombus formation in the plasma from the patients with cerebrovascular disease(CVD) and the in vitro actions of sodium nitroprusside on the platelet aggregate formation. 1) The microthrombus formation in the plasma from CVD was significantly enhanced, in comparison with that from the healthy volunteers. 2) Both lipid peroxide and cathepsin D in the plasma from CVD were higher than those levels from the healthy volunteers. 3) Whereas the platelets from healthy individuals showed less aggregation activity in response to ADP in the second phase those from CVD revealed the enhanced aggregating response to ADP. 4) When the bovine basilar artery, rabbit aorta and human umbilical artery were pretreated with $K^+-free$ PSS, ouabain, 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid(13-HPLA) and cadmium they markedly enhanced the platelet aggregability respectively. 5) Platelet aggregation induced by $K^+-free$ PSS-treated bovine basilar artery was decreased by sodium nitroprusside in a dose-dependent manner, but not by either hydralazine. 6) Both dibutyryl cyclic AMP and 8-bromo cyclic GMP had the inhibitory action on the platelet aggregation. However, the latter had more prominent action than former. The antiaggregating effect by sodium nitroprusside was antagonized by pretreatment with methylene blue, but not by hemoglobin. These results provide the evidences for the therapeutic use of sodium nitroprusside in the emergency of cerebrovascular disease and in remains the further study of the clinical therapy with it.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2016

This study was investigated the improvement effects of Ledebouriella seseloides (LS) ethanol extracts on lipid parameters in an ovariectomized animal model. Sixty, nine-week old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups as follows: sham-operated rats (SHAM), ovariectomized rats (OVX-CON) and ovariectomized rats that were treated with LS ethanol extracts (50 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively). The diets were fed to the rats for six weeks after their operation. The total-cholesterol and triglyceride contents on serum increased in the OVX-CON group compared to the SHAM group, but supplementation with the LS extract caused these factors to decrease. Notably, the serum LDL-cholesterol concentration in the supplemented 200 mg/kg/day LS ethanol extract group was significantly more reduced than the OVX-CON group. In addition, the platelet aggregation ability was lower in groups treated with LS than in the OVX-CON group. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was lower in the LS extract group compared to the OVX-CON group. Collagen content, in bone and cartilage, were reduced by ovariectomy, but the supplemented LS extract groups exhibited higher concentrations in their bones. According to these results, the improvement effects of LS extract on serum lipid parameters and osteogenesis in ovariectomized rats were illuminated.