• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2020

This study aimed to develop a foam concrete material for a ground repair system that has low strength and low fluidity by using an eco-friendly binder, which substitutes industrial by-products for more than 90% of cement. Basic properties were evaluated after substituting a small amount of calcium sulfo aluminate (CSA) for the binder to improve the sinking depth rate and volume change, commonly found when it had a large amount of industrial by-products. The substitution rates of CSA for the eco-friendly binder used for the foam concrete were 2.5, 5, and 10%. Fresh properties, hardened properties, pore structure, and hydrates were analyzed. Experimental results showed that using only 2.5% of CSA could improve the deep sinking depth which occurred when using an eco-friendly binder. As a result, the weight difference between the upper, middle, and lower parts of cast specimens was improved even after being hardened. The addition of CSA also contributed to the formation of small, uniformly sized closed pores and improved initial strength. However, when the proportion of CSA increased, the long-term strength decreased. However, it satisfied the target strength when 5% or less of CSA was used. The results of this study revealed that it was possible to manufacture foam concrete with low strength and high fluidity for repairing ground satisfying target qualities by adding 2.5% of CSA to the eco-friendly binder containing a large amount of industrial by-products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.632-638
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• 1997

To develop the Instant Nuroong-gi in a short reconstitution time, we made puffed Instant Nuroong-gi samples and investigated their physicochemical characteristics. The Nuroong-gi was prepared using a Japonica variety with three different cooking conditions: steam cooker(process A), pressure cooker (process B) and cabinet cooker(process C). The Instant Nuroong-gi is produced by adding water to the Nuroong-gi which is broken into the size of 0.5~1.0cm. The amount of the added water is 40% of the weight of the broken Nuroong-gi. And it was puffed at 160~17$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 secands. The water binding capacity of Instant Nuroong-gi samples was 7.2 at process A, 6.5 at process B and 6.6 at process C. The total sugar content of Instant Nuroong-gi samples in hot water reached at the highest level at 3-minute cooking time. Through the sensory evaluation by a panelists, we discovered that Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a steam cooker showed the highest roasted nutty taste, hardness, stickiness and overall acceptability. And Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a pressure cooker showed the highest color, clearness, and roasted nutty flavor. Correlation coefficients between overall acceptability and other sensory attributes of Instant Nuroong-gi indicated that hardness had the most significant correlation to sensory evaluations. When we compared the results of color test with those of sensory evaluation of Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by three different cookers, we discovered that panelists preferred yellow Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a pressure cooker. We found some morphological properties of Instant Nuroong-gi as a result of the comparison of the crystalization by a X-ray diffraction analysis and the observation of the shapes by a the scanning electron micrographs.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.23-33
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• 2015

This paper is results of numerical study for application of sheet pile retaining wall reinforced with H-pile as sheet piles are needed in field for a cutoff wall and are limited to use because of driveability in the ground condition of having a larger strength than a weathered rock. Extensive 101 cases of numerical approach were conducted to investigate the behavior of sheet pile retaining wall reinforced with H-pile, changing installing members of two types of sheet pile and three types of H-pile, the embedded depth of sheet pile and H-pile, the horizontal space between H-piles and excavation conditions. As the results of numerical analysis, combined use of the sheet pile SP-IIIA with H-Pile H250 and the sheet pile SP-IV with H-Pile H350 among precast products was found to be efficient since two members tended to reach allowable stresses simultaneously or have similar stress concentration ratios. Increased stiffness in reinforced sheet pile showed reduction of lateral displacement of wall. Embedded depth of sheet pile did not affect stability of wall significantly so that driving the penetrable depth of sheet pile should be enough to maintain stability of wall and satisfy purposes of cutoff and stiffness increase of wall.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.257-286
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• 2002

This study intends to develope the resident leadership training in order to activate community organizations. Recently, it has been largely stressed the importance of "community" approach in social welfare practice. Traditionally, the community organization approach was emphasized in the community work methods. But many social workers express their difficulty of doing community organizations when they confront with the practice. Although there were a few cases, it was pointed out that the subgroups of long-lease housing project were not democratic, accountable, or open. This study shows the way to overcome these problems and suggests the programs that can reinforce the resident leadership development. To accomplish these tasks, I have planned programs, implemented, and then analyzed their process by qualitative evaluation methods. I have divided "the general community organization" and "the welfare community organization" to operate the leadership program and took the education and training methods using small groups. This study is significant to suggest the specific program of program planning, the activity methods of step by step community organization practice, and the formation of self- help groups.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.15-22
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• 2012

A performance index of singalized intersections is a standard to optimize signal control variables and to manage traffic flow. Traffic delays is generally used to minimize the average delay time on intersections or networks, progression efficiency is used to improve travel speed of main cooridors or to provide transit signal priority. We manage traffic flows with only selecting one index between delays and progression according to the objective of traffic management and field characteristics. In real field, the driver's satisfaction is high in any performance criteria when the waiting time is shorter and the unnecessary stop in front of traffic is smaller. This paper aims to develop simulation model to represent real progression with concurrently considering delays and progression. In order to reflect an effect of level of traffic volumes and residual queues which don't be considered in prior progression model, we apply shockwave model with flow-density diagram. We derive Cell Transmission Model of Daganzo in order to develop the delay index and the progression index for the macroscopic simulation model. In order to validate the effect, we analysis traffic delays and progression efficiency with comparing this model to Transyt-7F and PASSER V.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.182-189
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between degree of satisfaction and experience on performance in accordance with the characteristics for the dental hygiene students. Dental hygiene students to 480 people from November to December 2014 and analyzed by conducting a survey. The higher grade students were more satisfied with the degree of satisfaction on experience for clinical test performance and clinical practice organization rather than the lower grade students. Also, the degree of satisfaction on major for the higher grade students has been shown as relatively higher than the lower grade students. The factors that affecting the experience for clinical performance and the degree of satisfaction for clinical practice were shown as grade, satisfaction for major and period for practice. In order to enhance the degree of satisfaction on the clinical performance for students, it should be established the system for practice management considering the characteristics of clinical practice by relevant organizations. Also, the dental hygienist who is responsible for dental education should manage his/her practice for students actively. Meanwhile, the practice organization should improve and update the content of education through the consistent alliance with colleges continuously.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.128-128
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 자동유량측정시설에 의하여 실시간으로 생산되는 자동유량측정 자료의 정상성 여부를 판단하는데 중요한 적정 측정 신뢰구간을 실시간으로 예측할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다. 전세계적으로, 현대적인 유량측정이 시작된 이래 연속유량 산정을 위한 방법은 수위-유량관계곡선을 이용하는 방법 외에 실무적으로 활용 가능한 방법은 거의 전무한 실정이다. 수위-유량관계곡선을 이용하는 방법은 연속수위를 계측하여 이에 해당하는 연속유량을 산정하는 방법으로 수위와 유량간에 일정한 관계를 가지는 정상적인 흐름을 보이는 자연하천의 경우에 정확도가 매우 높다. 그러나 감조나 구조물 등에 의해 유량이 조절되는 경우에 유량산정의 정확도는 현저히 떨어지게 된다. 따라서 수위에서 유량을 환산하는 방법이 아닌 유량을 직접 연속으로 측정하는 방법이 꾸준히 연구되어 왔고, 이 중 가장 대표적인 방법이 자동유량측정 방법이다. 그러나 자동유량측정 방법은 유량을 연속으로 측정할 수 있다는 장점에 반해 측정된 유량의 정확도를 높이기가 매우 어렵다는 단점도 가지고 있다. 계측 자체의 기술적 한계는 주로 계측기기적인 문제로 이는 전자기, 통신 기술 등 첨단 기술의 발전과 함께 다양한 현장 시험을 통해 폭넓은 개선이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 아직 기술적 완성도가 완전하지 못한 현실에서, 현재 설치되어 있는 자동유량측정 유량자료의 신뢰도를 높이기 위해서는 각각의 계측 시점에서 자료가 정상적으로 산정되고 있는지에 대한 검정이 필요하고, 이는 자동유량측정 자료의 정확도 확보에 매우 중요한 관건으로 작용할 수밖에 없다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구에서는 조석성분과 유출성분을 분리하여 예측하는 방법을 새롭게 개발 적용하였다. 자료는 자료의 시간해상도 증감에 따른 실제 예측의 정확도 증감을 고려하여 가장 적절하다고 판단되는 시자료를 사용하였으며, 자료간 상관을 분석하여 주 입력 자료로 팔당댐 방류량, 한강대교 지점 수위, 전류 수위를 이용하였다. 모형의 예측 능력을 극대화하기 위하여 조석 영향을 받는 자료의 경우는 웨이블릿 변환(wavelet transform)을 이용하여 순수 유출성분과 조위성분을 분리하여 별도로 적용하였다. 그리고 예측을 위한 모형은 실시간 자료기반 모형으로 그 안정성이 인정된 서포트벡터머신(support vector machine)을 이용하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 한강대교 지점의 순수 유출성분과 조위성분의 유량을 각각 예측한 후 두 결과를 합성하여 최종 한강 대교 지점의 유량을 산정하였다. 조석성분을 분리하여 한강대교 지점의 유량을 예측한 결과 대부분의 예측치가 95% 예측구간에 포함되었다. 그리고 조석성분을 분리하지 않은 모형과 조석성분을 분리한 모형의 예측 능력을 비교한 결과, 조석성분을 분리한 모형이 예측이 정확도가 높았다. RMSE의 경우 분리하지 않은 모형대비 23%의 예측오차가 감소하였고, NSC의 경우 0.92에서 0.95로 예측의 정확도가 증가하였다.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.61
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• pp.59-91
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• 2018

Using a Consensus Qualitative Research approach, this study aimed to identify the ageism and explore age-integration as a solution of age discrimination that occurs during the delivery of medical services by nine healthcare professionals who have experience in treating elderly patients. There were two-sided confession has shown by health care professionals about the Ageism. They reported that they don't discriminate by age. However, They also appealed an inconvenience due to the elderly. There were real Ageism in the Healthcare Professional site as a way of Unsuitable care, elderly alienation and dependence on caregivers, polarization of medical service and double discrimination against poor elderly. They found it difficult to offer age integrated health care as a means to mitigate or solve. However they have sought to break barriers to communication, provided a comfortable environment not only for senior citizens but also for all others, and have diversified institutional and service standards. To ensure the healthy life and proper medical service of the rapidly increasing elderly patients, we proposed to do critical review of the factors in the Korean medical system that accelerate the Ageism, reorganization of the health care system for the poor elderly, including the curriculum associated with age-integrating within the health care professional education system, raising the Geriatric Medical Service and the relating professionals and improvements in perception of the health care domains for the elderly and older adults.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.62
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• pp.103-139
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the social workers' reflections developed during the participatory action research seeking practice methods in the community welfare center single parent self-help groups. Nine social workers and researchers sharing difficulties in the community welfare center single parent self-help group practice were involved in the participatory action research. We performed a circulatory research repeating 'plan-action-reflection-replan' cycles through ten sessions of research meetings including peer supervision in parallel with 4 self-help group practices. Multiple practice methods were derived as the result among which change in the social workers' perception was the key. We focused on the result that the social workers' perception was changed by reflections from participatory action research and the contents of the reflections were qualitatively analyzed using materials acquired during the study. As a result the following 5 themes were derived; 'recognition and worry on the lack of appropriate practice for the self-help group', 'specification of the social workers' role based on the changed perspective on the member-social worker relation', 'confirmation of the possibility of the concerned person initiated practice', 'detailed understanding of the single parent self-help group in the community welfare center', and 'renewed recognition of the development of the single parent self-help group in the community welfare center'. Based on these results, empowerment and reflection/reflective practice for single parent self-help group in the community welfare center were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.421-437
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• 2010

Surface particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration estimated from Maximum Normalized Difference Carbon Index (MNDCI) algorithm using SeaWiFS data is used to determine spatial and temporal variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) in the East China Sea. 10-year monthly POC concentrations (1997-2007) show clearly seasonal variations. Inter-annual variation of POC in whole and three different areas separated by standard deviation is not linearly correlated with the Changjiang River discharge that has decreased after 1998. To determine more detailed spatial and temporal POC variations, we used empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis in summer (Jun.-Sep.) from 2000 to 2007. First mode is spatially and temporally correlated with the area influenced by the Changjiang River discharge. Second mode is temporally less sensitive with the Changjiang River discharge but spatially correlated with north-south patterns. Relatively higher POC variations during 2000 and 2003 were shown in the southern East China Sea. These patterns during 2004 and 2007 moved to the northern East China Sea. This phenomenon is better related to spatial variations of wind-direction than the amount of Changjiang River discharge, which is verified from in-situ measurement.