• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.39
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• pp.451-472
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• 2015

Lian Huan Hua(連環畵) has occurred in the history of China Cartoon was initially developed as a unique literary style of Chinese painting and narrative combined. Also Lian Huan Hua are also tend to form once the fusion 1920s was also a very creative fashion cartoon style. This is also referred to as chain cartoon. In 1950-1960, China 's Lian Huan Hua also mature a 'golden age' legal group reaches to indicate the unique formal features developed independently. This work is a dramatic expression of Lian Huan Hua narrative, shows a more realistic representation techniques and art forms such as portraiture is a very big breakthrough was achieved artistic maturity of the work increased significantly. by He You Zhi(賀友直) and by Hau San Chuan(華三川) is a masterpiece of artistry and maturity in the period leading side. Chapter 2 looked at the origin and development of Chinese Lian Huan Hua, it was seen by the fact that China achieved new progress in Lian Huan Hua upset every time the combination of content and form, In addition, the work of 1950-1960 in the development process of China's Lian Huan Hua confirmed the fact that they won the biggest achievement in artistry and maturity surface. Therefore, Chapter 3 how 'golden age' masterpiece of and the dramatic narrative of expression by analyzing a specific angle in the multifaceted image of the , realistic portraiture, such as the acquisition of Chinese concrete artistry Lian Huan Hua I want to show. Analysis of the figures depicting nature, landscape screens. consisted of highlights and background and techniques of utilization, production methods. The purpose of this research work is to identify two conditions of great Lian Huan Hua through analysis of concrete work and painting techniques such as framing and directing the Lian Huan Hua's artistic achievements is to investigate the influence of China in the early comics. These two works are focused on a realistic view of life and put out was to create a more effective representation of information it attempts to pass a new production techniques and will have the significance. Also completed was a new style absorbed throughout the aesthetic advantages are compelling own personality writers of Eastern and Western paintings are remarkable in that its performance. But the difference in the two works represent all types and painting techniques has a the mood of common China's lives.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 2014

After occurrence of Cyanobacteria in 1997, Songsan-ri tombs located in Gonju have been investigated to monitor for biological damage. The room temperature of Tomb No.6 was $18.6{\sim}19.8^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was 94.3~99.9%. The temperature of Royal Tomb of King Muryeong was $17.3{\sim}18.53^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was 73.2~96.45%. The variation of relative humidity increased after setting up air vents. If the outside temperature increases, dew condensation occurs on the floor and the north side. When conditioning equipment operates, the maximum temperature differences between walls is $2.8^{\circ}C$. Bacteria from the air of the tomb and on the surface of the walls outnumbered fungi. 20 species of fungi including Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and 19 species of bacteria including Pseudomonas sp., Arthrobacter sp., are identified. Microbes in the tombs may damage cultural heritage. The growth possibility of microbes should be estimated because the microbes in the tombs may damage mural painting. The interrelation between microenvironmental condition and biological damage of mural painting should be researched to come up with an long-term conservation method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

Recently, many people have attempted to combine the 4th industry in various fields. Citizen participation has also become more important in the policy making and decision making process. Therefore, this study examined ways to encourage citizen participation by integrating the 4th industry in the field of urban planning and design. The research method was to design street space using virtual reality, and to examine the preference of design and the satisfaction of using a virtual reality device for Cheongju citizens and residents. The main result is that the use of VR in the design process of street space can achieve a sufficient outcome in terms of inducing resident participation. The opinions of the respondents before and after the VR experience were different from each other. After the VR experience, understanding, participation and interest in design were improved. On the other hand, during the course of the study, there are many difficulties in obtaining a place that satisfied the conditions of the PC-VR equipment. Although it can be used by connecting a smart phone and a VR device, the constraint of free movement and degradation of the graphic quality are inevitable. In addition, it is difficult to operate simple interfaces because VR devices are not yet popularized. Accordingly, it will be necessary to popularize and commercialize VR equipment and establish a legal basis.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.89-106
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• 2014

The war simulation systems in Republic of Korea Army have been getting more and more important because soldiers can effectively and efficiently learn and share their war-related knowledge based on the interactions through the systems. But, up to now, the access to the war simulation systems has been limited to only soldiers. So, little research on them has been conducted. This study explores the effects of the antecedents to the flow experience and the characteristics of the systems on soldiers' intentions to use them. Based on the 118 samples collected from officers in Republic of Korea Army, this study empirically shows the logical reality of the war simulation systems and the flow experience positively influence soldiers' intentions to use the systems and the clarified goals, feedbacks, and the levels of the missions in the systems are significant antecedents to the flow experience. Useful implications are presented and discussed based on the new findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.78-82
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• 2005

Fishermen have higher risk of occupational injuries and disease due to frequent machine usage and direct contact to live biological materials. Moreover, growing elderly workers makes the susceptibility to occupational injuries and disease higher. This study was performed to investigate the occupational safety and health status among fishermen. The interview was carried out at Jumunjin and Geojin ports which were representative port at North East side of Korea. The structured questionnaire were used to interview the fishermen from AM 6:00 to PM 11:00 and total respondent were 97 workers. The results were followed; 7 fishermen of all respondents experienced occupational injuries during their work, 5 fishermen were needed to admission longer than 4 days. The injury types were contusion(4 persons), fracture(1 persons) and amputation(2 persons). The cause of injury might be the lack of caution and the unstability of working condition. These results suggested the ergonomical evaluation of working condition and proper management. But there was limited concern and studies on the policy on occupational safety and health on fishermen. So, further study was required to establish the sound policy of fishermen's occupational safety and health.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.123
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• pp.165-187
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• 2012

Our freedom is natural, however we are amazed at the fact that we don't sometimes have the freedom. we have to have a freedom and must be a freedom. But we think our life is restrained. Why do we think that? This is due to epistemological thinking. Also critic of Sartre' freedom is due to that. Especially Merleau-Ponty's researchers say that Sartre is an epistemologist on the problem of the freedom and his freedom is an absolute freedom. Aim of this paper is to find out problem of the critic. To achieve this, first we need to exmaine what absoulte freedom is. It is abstract and ideological. According to Merleau-Ponty, it dosen't exist. This paper argues that Sartre's freedom is not epistemoligical but ontological. It is going to come out in relation between '$l^{\prime}{\hat{e}}tre-en-soi$' and '$l^{\prime}{\hat{e}}tre-en-soi$'. Then, on the problem of the freedom, we can discover that Sartre and Merleau-Ponty are no different from each other. Finally, As I argue about Merleau-Ponty's freedom, I will show that it is 'a freedom of situation' and 'a freedom of choice'. Also, This freedom is Sartre's freedom. Sartre showes a situation is my freedom.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.63-72
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• 2011

The high capacity bi-directional pile load test is an optimum pile load test method for high-rised buildings. Especially, a high pressure and double-acting bi-directional pile load testing, a special type of the high capacity bi-directional pile load test, is the most practical way to overcome limitations of loading capacities and constraints of field conditions, which was judged to be a very useful test method for requiring high loading capacities. Total of 2 high capacity bi-directional pile load tests(P-1 and P-2) were conducted in high-rised building sites in Korea. Based on the field load test results, the sufficiency ratio of loading capacities to design loads for P-1 and P-2 were 3.3 and 2.1, respectively. For P-2, the load test could not verify the design load if 1-directional loads applied slightly smaller than the actual applied load. Also, high capacity bi-directional pile load tests were difficult to determine an ultimate state of ground or piles, although the loads were applied until their maximum loads. Hence, finite element analyses were conducted to determine their ultimate states by calibrating and extrapolate with test results.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.449-460
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• 2021

The development process of cyber literature theory in the 1990s clearly shows the duality of the pursuit of symbolic power and desire through the formation and conflict of literary fields, collective intelligence. All desires are bound to be power-oriented, and cyber literature is meaningful in that network-space critics developed while advocating the humanities of coexistence. The failure of cyber literature theory is due to the conflicting desire of critical power between real and virtual spaces. Cyber literature theory in the 1990s was the first literary response to the birth of artificial nature, although the contradiction of desires revealed in symbolic power and the limitations of barking are clear. Literature discourse has always explored the relationship between the social conditions of the time (including technological progress) and art texts. Producing a new critical discourse encompassing the whole within the literary field of artificial nature is an important task in literature in the era of technology compilation, and humanities and technology must coexist. Through this paper, we examined the impact of the birth of artificial nature on humanities. This study is an important achievement of humanities engineering that understands, interprets, and leads technology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.454-459
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• 2008

하천의 건강성을 유지하고 수환경의 정상적인 기능을 회복하기 위해서는 수서생물들에게 알맞은 서식환경 조성, 점오염원 및 비점오염원 차단, 적절한 유량과 같은 다양한 조건이 요구된다(Gore 1895; Gore et al. 1989). 이 중 유량은 수생태계를 이루는 물리적, 화학적, 생물학적 요소들 가운데 기본이 된다고 할 수 있다(Bunn and Arthington 2002; Nilsson and Svedmark 2002; Arthington et al. 2006). 국내 하천관리를 위한 하천유지유량의 산정에서 고려하고 있는 갈수량, 하천생태계, 하천수질 등 8가지 항목 가운데 최근 생태계와 환경에 대한 사회적 국민적 관심이 증가하면서 하천생태계를 고려한 환경유량의 중요성이 부각되었으나, 현실적으로 생태계를 고려한 정량적 조사자료 구축 및 환경유량산정 등의 객관적 자료는 미흡한 실정이다. 특히, 과거 해당수계 및 하천의 어류분포 현황 파악을 중심으로 이루어진 어류조사는 환경유량 산정 시 기초자료로 활용하거나 직 간접적으로 어류상이 변화하는 원인을 분석하는 자료로 활용하기에는 객관성이 결여되어 있다고 할 수 있다. 어류모니터링 기법 확립은 환경유량산정에 있어 요구되는 정량화와 자료의 객관성을 높이기 위한 작업으로 문헌조사와 청문조사를 포함한 사전조사, 현장조사, 조사결과 정리, 고찰 등의 총 4가지 과정을 기본으로 실시하는 것으로 정하였다(그림. 1), 청문조사와 문헌조사 등의 사전조사를 통해 기존자료를 확보하고 현장의 답사, 조사구간, 방법, 시기 등의 선정을 통해 두 번째 단계인 현장조사의 효율성을 높였다. 현장조사에서는 어류분포 현황 외에도 해당지점의 하상재료, 식생, 유속, 수심, 수질 등 조사지점의 수 환경요소 전반을 기록하여 어류의 서식과 물리 화학적 수환경과의 상호관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 마지막으로 고찰단계에서는 조사 대상 지역 전반적인 어류상 특징과 함께 보호종, 한국고유종, 외래도입종 출현유무 및 빈도, 물리적, 화학적 수환경의 특징, 수환경에 따른 어류상 특징 등의 분석과 함께 조사하천의 건강성을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 어류모니터링 기법 확립을 통해 환경유량산정 시 요구되는 객관적 기초자료를 구축하고 나아가 오염물질 유입, 하천정비사업 등의 각종 교란요인에 의해 발생할 수 있는 문제점들에 능등적으로 대처하고 교란에 의해 악화된 수환경의 복원을 위해 요구되는 객관적 기초자료 생산에 목적이 있다.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.142
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• pp.193-220
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• 2017

In times when identity-principles dominate through culture-industry, it appears to be the idea of the perfect identity-knowledge which Hegel had required for philosophy to become true. By being produced, cultures, according to the principle of production for production itself, became commodities which can be exchanged in the market. So what cannot be exchanged in the market is excluded as worthless and useless. As culture-industry gets rid of room for the new and the experience of it, the experience of what is new became impossible. In such degrees the consciousness is reificated, and the freedom as autonomy becomes an empty concept. But if there is not the freedom of will, conscious thought will not be possible, and human beings will degenerate into a simple species. Nevertheless, freedom which becomes meaningless in reality is an essential element for a human being to be human, so in the times when consciousness is reificated by means of the culture-industry, as the autonomous art awakens a reificated consciousness, it will be the antidote of a reificated consciousness which makes free thought and action possible. In this sense, this study will try to justify the aesthetic experience as shudder through the experience of what cannot be exchanged that becomes possible with critics regarding the constructive imperfection of identity-knowledge. Then it will argue that the aesthetic experience as shudder makes the autonomous art possible.