• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2013

Koreans' traditional view on death has been much influenced by Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and shamanism since ancient times. Confucianism emphasizes the importance of the real life in this world and highly praises doing good deeds for the family and the community. It also praises people who are enlightened by education and self-discipline. Confucian scholars admit that death cannot be understood by rational thinking although it is unavoidable as a cosmic order. Taoism sees life as the same entity as death; Both are two different aspects of the same cosmos or the wholeness. However, the disciples of Taoism became much interested in a long life and well being that may be achieved by harmonizing with the cosmic order. Buddhism thinks that death and life are an "illusion". It says that people can be enlightened by recognizing the fact that "Nothing is born and nothing is dying in this world. Everything is the product of your mind occupied with false belief." However, secular Buddhists believe in the afterlife and metempsychosis of the soul. This belief is sometimes connected with the view of the traditional shamanism. Shamanism dichotomizes the world between "this world" and "that world". After death, the person's soul travels to "that world", where it may influence life of people who reside in "this world". And shamans who are spiritual beings living in "this world" mediate souls and living people. In conclusion, there are various views and beliefs regarding death, which are influenced by a number of religions and philosophies. They should be seriously considered when making a medical decision regarding the end of patients' life.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.66-77
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• 1992

Tidal sand ridges and sand waves are well developed in the Yellow Sea off Tae-An Peninsula, Korea. Their transport directions were inferred based on high resolution seismic profiles, surficial sediment characteristics and tidal regime. Tidal sand ridges are asymmetric, with long axes parallel to or slightly oblique to the dominant NE-SW tidal current direction. They show steep south and/or southeast flanks, which are in concordance with the apparent direction of internal cross-bedding in the south. Holocene sediments occur in accordance with distributional patterns of tidal sand ridges. These features indicate that Holocene active tidal sand ridges move toward the open sea in southeast, south and southwest direction. Sand waves which are distributed in flat sea floor with depth of about 40-60m show also asymmetric forms with a steep east-to-northeast face. Surficial sediments in the sand wave field are characterized by well sorted fine sands compared with poorly sorted adjacent areas. The sand waves appear to undergo easterly or northeasterly landward movement.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.536-543
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a new type of hexapod robot that can walk fast. Most of the conventional hexapod robots are either rectangular type of hexagonal type. Those robots have drawbacks in the speed and stability of walking. The proposed robot has six legs, one fore leg, one hind leg, two left legs and two right legs. The proposed robot forms relatively wide supporting polygons along the walking direction, so it can walk very fast stably. We implemented the proposed hexapod robot and showed the feasibility of the robot by 3+3 walking experiment and 2+4 walking experiment.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.142-148
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• 2013

High-power ultrasonic promotes a chemical reaction by its own energy, thus it has been used for sonochemistry applications. For example, it has been mostly used for mixing, reaction catalyst, dispersion and disintegration. High-power ultrasonic transducer is made with structure based on a Bolt-clamped Langevin type Transducer (BLT), But it has difficulty in the development because degradation of piezoelectric ceramic by the heat generation of BLT. In this study, for a development of the transducer of 25 kHz and 1000 W used in sonochemistry and industrial cleaning, BLT with a hole in its center and tubular type waveguide of the transducer were designed based on finite element method (FEM). The transducer was fabricated based on the design parameter, and the impedance characteristics are measured experimentally and compared with the numerical results.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1455-1458
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• 2007

In this research, a polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) film layer for micro thermoelectric generator (TEG) was fabricated. The fabrication process of the thermoelectric poly-Si film layer is explained. The P-type and N-type poly-Si films were fabricated on a tetra ethoxy silane (TEOS) layer with a supporting Si wafer. Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured, including the transport properties such as the hall coefficient, hall mobility and carrier concentration. The design parameters for a rapid thermal process (RTP) were decided based on the experimental results. The measured power factors of the P-type and N-type were $21.2\;{\mu}Wm^{-1}K^{-2}$ and $26.7\;{\mu}Wm^{-1}K^{-2}$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.364-365
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• 2006

Transverse some wave was generated by T type waveguide for single wafer cleaning application T type megasonic waveguide was analyzed by acoustic pressure measurements and particle removal efficiency. Compared to conventional longitudinal waves, not like longitudinal waves, transverse waves showed changes of direction and phase which increased the cleaning efficiency.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2003

Systematic geometrical variation method of hull forms, such as "1 -Cp", "Swinging" and "Lackenby" are widely used in the early stage of a new design from those of a similar parent ship, which shows a better performance through the model test and/or sea trials. This method is simple and easy to modify original hull forms without changing the main characteristics. The shape of the prismatic curie can be easily varied by these methods, however, the frame line shape in the body plan can′t be generated easily, when the section shapes are complicated or have discontinuities or the mismatch of the body plan and the stem and stern profiles. To overcome this drawback of the hull form variations, a simple and useful method has been proposed in the present study.

• Cement
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• s.38
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• pp.16-21
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• 1970

시멘트공업경영은 자본집약산업으로 그 규모는 일정수준의 단위까지 팽창되지 않으면 안되는 시장경쟁적 여건을 포함하고 있는데 특히 시멘트제품의 수급비탄력성은 방대한 규모의 생산시설과 여기에 투입된 노동을 유휴화시키고 이로 인한 기업의 고정비부담을 가중시키므로 적자의 가장 큰 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 이와 같은 유휴비용중 특히 노무비부담이 큰 비중을 점하고 있는데 현세멘트공업계의 임금제도는 저생산저임금형태로 기업과 종업원에게 공히 유용한 요소가 되고 있다. 이러한 시멘트의 계절적인 수요변동에 따라 성수기에 있어서는 노동의 부족을 나타내고 비성수기에 있어서는 확대된 부분이 축소된 것만큼 인원을 감소시켜야하므로 노사간의 불화와 기업공신력의 상실등을 야기시키게 되어 기업측이나 종업원측으로 보아서도 서로의 손실임에는 틀림없다. 따라서 이와 같은 문제는 합리적인 임금제도 및 영리의 결여에서 오는 것인 만큼 기업과 종업원에 공히 이득을 가져와 줄 수 있는 성과급제도의 도입적용에 시급히 필요하다고 하겠다.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 2012

In this paper, we introduce an intelligent quadruped walking robot that can perform stable walking and a couple of intelligent behaviors. The developed robot has two sets of ultrasonic sensors and six sets of infrared sensors and can perform obstacle avoidance by detecting obstacles and estimating the distances and directions of those obstacles. The robot also has a stereo camera and can paly soccer by detecting a ball and estimating the 3 dimensional coordinates of the ball. In performing those intelligent behaviors, the robot needs to have the capability of generating its walking patterns, solving the inverse kinematics problem, and interfacing several sensors in realtime. Therefore we designed a hierarchical controller that consists of a main controller and an auxiliary controller. The main controller is a 32-bit DSP that can perform fast floating-point opertaion and the auxiliary one is a 8-bit micro-controller. We showed that the developed quadruped walking robot successfully perform those intelligent behaviors through experiments.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1810-1814
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• 2008

A small L-type megasonic module for nano-pattern cleaning was designed and manufactured. The impedance graph of the quartz waveguide with a piezoelectric actuator was predicted using finite element method (FEM). The peak value of the piezoelectric actuator alone was 3.373 MHz, which was the same as the experimentally measured value of 3.373 MHz (0.0% error). In addition, the maximum impedance value of the quartz waveguide with the actuator was 3.373 MHz, which agreed well with the measured value of 3.362 MHz (0.3% error). The acoustic pressures of a conventional megasonic system (3 MHz) and the developed system under similar conditions were measured and compared. The results showed that the maximum values and standard deviations of the developed system decreased by 29% and 18%, respectively, compared with the conventional type. This suggests that the small L-type would have higher particle removal efficiency with lower possibilities of pattern damages.