• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.157-166
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• 2024

The Army TIGER System, which is being deployed to implement a future combat system, is expected to bring innovative changes to the army's combat methods and comabt execution capability such as mobility, networking and intelligence. To this end, the Army will introduce various systems using drones, robots, unmanned vehicles, AI(Artificial Intelligence), etc. and utilize them in combat. The use of various unmanned vehicles and AI is expected to result in the introduction of equipment with new technologies into the army and an increase in various types of transmitted information, i.e. data. However, currently in the military, there is an acceleration in research and combat experimentations on warfigthing options using Army TIGER forces system for specific functions. On the other hand, the current reality is that research on cyber threats measures targeting information systems related to the increasing number of unmanned systems, data production, and transmission from unmanned systems, as well as the establishment of cloud centers and AI command and control center driven by the new force systems, is not being pursued. Accordingly this paper analyzes the structure and characteristics of the Army TIGER force integration system and makes suggestions for necessity of building, available cyber defense solutions and Army TIGER integrated cyber protections system that can respond to cyber threats in the future.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 2024

Amid global geopolitical crises that are heightening tensions worldwide, the importance of national security is being reevaluated. Consequently, South Korea is gaining attention in the global defense market due to its superior technology, competitive pricing, and rapid delivery capabilities. The increasing international demand for defense materials offers opportunities for the development of the domestic defense industry and has the potential to lead to long-term defense strategies and an expansion of exports. In particular, the development of future advanced weapons systems and the expansion of defense exports are likely to be possible through a deep understanding of the international political and economic situation and proactive defense diplomacy. This study analyzes the impact of current global geopolitical crises on Korea's defense industry and presents effective strategies based on these findings, including innovative improvements to defense acquisition systems and the discovery of overseas defense cooperation partners to strengthen defense exports. This strategic approach aims to balance domestic consumption with exports, enhance military strength, and improve the country's standing in the international community. Therefore, efforts are needed to ensure the sustainable growth of the defense industry, enabling South Korea to achieve economies of scale and play a pivotal role in the global defense industry.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.710-715
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• 2023

Urbanization brings many challenges such as traffic, housing, and environment. To solve these problems, researchers are working on new transportation systems like urban air mobility (UAM). UAM aircraft should fly safely without burdening the existing air traffic system in the early stage of low-density operation. The airspace should also be managed and operated efficiently. Therefore it is important to make urban air traffic predictable by using corridors and collecting data on low-density operations in the early stage. For this purpose various simulations are needed before operation to create scenarios that estimate potential collisions between UAM aircraft and to evaluate the risks of aircraft spacing, loss of separation (LoS), and near mid air collision (NMAC). This paper focuses on identifying the requirements and considerations for setting separation standards for urban air traffic based on the results of studies.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2024

In this scholarly investigation, the focus is placed on the transformative potential of edge computing in enhancing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for the facilitation of autonomous driving. The intrinsic capability of edge computing to process voluminous datasets locally and in a real-time manner is identified as paramount in meeting the exigent requirements of autonomous vehicles, encompassing expedited decision-making processes and the bolstering of safety protocols. This inquiry delves into the synergy between edge computing and extant ITS infrastructures, elucidating the manner in which localized data processing can substantially diminish latency, thereby augmenting the responsiveness of autonomous vehicles. Further, the study scrutinizes the deployment of edge servers, an array of sensors, and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication technologies, positing these elements as constituents of a robust framework designed to support instantaneous traffic management, collision avoidance mechanisms, and the dynamic optimization of vehicular routes. Moreover, this research addresses the principal challenges encountered in the incorporation of edge computing within ITS, including issues related to security, the integration of data, and the scalability of systems. It proffers insights into viable solutions and delineates directions for future scholarly inquiry.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.77
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• pp.171-201
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• 2024

Purpose of Research : Since ChatGPT's 2022 release, the educational sector faces mixed reactions to generative AI, sparking innovation but raising concerns about student cognition and communication. While Christian colleges employ AI reflecting their values, secular institutions stress ethical usage. This study explores ethical AI use in these settings, aiming to integrate findings into educational practices. Research content and method : Analyzing AI use and ethics guidelines from 50 domestic and international universities, differences between Christian and secular institutions were explored. Data was categorized, conceptualized via open coding, and components were identified through axial coding. The importance of components for Christian colleges' AI guides was assessed based on the initial data and previous research, leading to the development of tailored AI utilization components for Christian universities. Conclusion : Studies revealed secular institutions have six AI guide components, while Christian colleges found seven in both utilization and ethics guides, focusing on truthfulness, responsibility, and diversity. Emphasizing the need for ethical AI use in Christian colleges, the findings advocate developing AI ethics guidelines to aid marginalized groups and establish a new educational paradigm through further research.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

A goal of Bizcool entrepreneurship education targeting on the youth falls on letting understand the process of starts-up, enhance entrepreneurship will and their business creativities rather than training trivial starts-up skills such as writing business plan for successful starts-up. The effects of education enable Bizcoo students to recognize rightly the concept of starts-up training and lead to spread out demand for entrepreneurship education. The feedback check-up for how entrepreneurship education affects students getting through of it is necessary and possible to bring its' improvement alternatives. Despite of such highlight, not many measuring tools and indexes of evaluating an effectiveness of entrepreneurship education are developed and studied up until. This research suggests for the optimal indexes for them. In specific, this research 49 the first question sets of evaluating an effectiveness of entrepreneurship education classified 3 large categories and 11 following sub categories each of them such as entrepreneurship orientation, creativity, entrepreneurship preparing activities etc,. representing embedding education effects though entrepreneurship education. This research carry out the empirical survey research utilizing driven question sets against 5 different Bizcools sampling 287 students. The survey research delivers the final 3 large categories and 8 following sub categories(Innovativeness, risk-taking, problem-solving potent, cooperative decision-making potent, efficient behavior capacity, data collecting potent, career search, starts-up search and preparation), and 38 measuring indexes by search and confirming factor analysis. This research never drop the confidence test over each indexes and obtain the proper figures. Last but not least, this research confirm the gap between starts-up club members and non members as to an effectiveness of entrepreneurship education and 9 different indexes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.348-352
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• 2007

Inflammation is a complex process resulting from a variety of mechanisms. Combined inhibition of the activities of enzymes involved in the process may therefore be considered more important in anti-inflammatory property of plant extracts than any single contribution. In this study, the inhibitory effects of the ethanol extracts of thirty plant foods on the activities of secretory phospholipase $A_{2}$ ($sPLA_{2}$), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) were examined. Several legumes, mungbean sprout and some leaf vegetables inhibited the activity of $sPLA_2$, upstream enzyme of inflammation pathway. Only soybean sprout and mungbean sprout significantly inhibited 12-LOX activity. Although most of extracts inhibited the activities of both COX-1 and COX-2, water dropwort and amaranth showed selectivity for the inhibition of COX-2 over COX-1. Especially, mungbean showed anti-inflammatory property at both upstream and downstream of inflammation pathway with relatively low $IC_{50}$ values for $sPLA_{2}$ and COX-2 enzymes. Mungbean sprout exhibited inhibitory effects on all enzymes related to early and late inflammation and soybean sprout suppressed 12-LOX and COX-2 simultaneously, although the activities of these plants were showed at relatively high concentration. Therefore, mungbean, mungbean sprout, and soybean sprout appear to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by combined inhibition of inflammatory enzymes.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.51-80
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• 2012

This study is to summarize main contents which was mentioned by Beomseok Kim' doctoral dissertation. The purpose of this study focuses on presenting the outplacement countermeasure and retention level examination analysis about outplacement competency of special security government official through implement of questionnaire method. The questionnaire for retention level examination including four groups of outplacement competency and twenty subcategories was implemented in the object of six hundered persons relevant to outplacement more than forty age and five grade administration official of special security government officials, who have outplacement experiences as outplacement successors, outplacement losers, and outplacement expectants, in order to achieve this research purpose effectively. The questionnaire examination items are four groups of outplacement competency and twenty subcategories which are the group of knowledge competency & four subcategories including expert knowledge, outplacement knowledge, self comprehension, and organization comprehension, the group of skill competency & nine subcategories including job skill competency, job performance skill, problem-solving skill, reforming skill, communication skill, organization management skill, crisis management skill, career development skill, and human network application skill, the group of attitude-emotion competency & seven subcategories including positive attitude, active attitude, responsibility, professionalism, devoting-sacrificing attitude, affinity, and self-controlling ability, and the group of value-ethics competency & two subcategories including ethical consciousness and morality. The respondents highly regard twenty-two outplacement competency and they consider themselves well-qualified for the subcategories valued over 4.0 such as the professional knowledge, active attitude, responsibility, ethics and morality while they mark the other subcategories below average still need to be improved. Thus, the following is suggestions for successful outplacement. First, individual effort is essential to strengthen their capabilities based on accurate self evaluation, for which the awareness and concept need to be redefined to help them face up to the reality by readjusting career goal to a realistic level. Second, active career development plan to improve shortcoming in terms of outplacement competency is required. Third, it is necessary to establish the infrastructure related to outplacement training such as ON-OFF Line training system and facilities for learning to reinforce user-oriented outplacement training as a regular training course before during after the retirement.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2006

This study aimed to find out suitable culture conditions for the differentiation of human amniotic membrane-derived stem cells(HAM) into hepatocyte-like cells. Almost homogenous population of fibroblast-like cells was successfully isolated from the amniotic membrane. In comparison to the non-coated plates and in the absence of insulin/transferrin/selenium(ITS), HAM cultured on the fibronectin-coated plates and in the presence of ITS showed the more intense immunocytochemical staining against the albumin. Addition of both fibroblast growth factor(FGF)-1 and -2 to the differentiation medium gave stronger staining compared to the treatment with FGF-1 or -2 alone. Periodic acid Schiff's base staining of glycogen and morphological turnover of fibroblast-like appearance of HAM into round shape matched the results of immunocytochemical studies. When the efficiency of two-step culture method was examined on the differentiation of HAM into hepatocyte-like cells, all of the results of immunocytochemical staining, periodic acid Schiff's staining and morphological change exhibited effective hepatic differentiation of HAM compared to the continuous culture method. Immunoblot analyses of HAM- conditioned media against the albumin showed that the culture of HAM in the presence of both ITS and fibronectin always gave a stronger staining intensity than those in the absence of them, and that the addition of ether mixture of FGF-4 and either FGF-2 or transforming growth $factor(TGF)-{\alpha}$ to the culture medium significantly enhanced the albumin secretion by HAM. Based on these observations, it is suggested that HAM could differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells under a culture condition consisting of fibronectin and ITS, and addition of FGF-4 with either one of FGF-2 or $TGF-{\alpha}$ could enhance the hepatic differentiation of HAM.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2007

The effects of amylopectin and hydrocolloid (locust bean gum and guar gum) content on wheat flour dough and noodle properties were investigated. As the amount of amylopectin increased, the water absorption rate (farinograph), the tension (tension test), the gel stability (freeze-thawing treatment), and the springiness and the cohesiveness (TPA) increased, but the pasting temperature (RVA), the lightness and yellowness (color measurement), and the hardness (TPA) tended to decrease. In sensory evaluations, the scores for cohesiveness, springiness, and acceptability of cooked noodle increased as the proportion of amylopectin increased. The proper combination of amylose/amylopectin ratio and hydrocolloids improved the freeze-thaw stability and the sensory acceptability of wheat flour dough and noodle.