• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.441-457
• /
• 2009

This study estimated ultimate load by the determination methods based on ultimate load, yield load and settlement using experimental data from static load tests that applied load to driven piles used in sandy grounds at home and overseas until failure appeared markedly. Estimated ultimate load was normalized with actually measured failure load, and was compared among the determination methods according to the characteristics of pile. In addition, I have identified to the determination methods suitable for estimating ultimate load, and reevaluated the safety factor when determining allowable load. From the results of this study were drawn conclusions as follows. Among ultimate loads estimated by the ultimate-load-based determination methods, the value interpreted by Chin's method tended to overestimate actual measurements, and B. Hansen 80% standard and the stability plot method were considered most reliable as their results were closest to actual measurements. According to the results of this study, in calculating the allowable load, if the safety factor to be applied to failing load obtained by the method of determining extreme load is converted to the safety factor applied to the Standards for Structure Foundation Design, a value larger than 3.0 should be applied except the B. Hansen 90% method, and a value larger than 2.0 should be applied in the methods of determining yield load. In addition, if the safety factor to be applied to load obtained by the settlement standard is converted based on safety factor 3.0 for extreme load, a value smaller than 3.0 should be applied to the total settlement standard and the net settlement standard.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.597-606
• /
• 2015

Until now, u-turn lane installation methods have been studied variously. But, There is no specific standard yet. This study ranges are commercial area in Incheon metropolitan city through field investigation and presents specific design standard for efficient operation of left turn using a field data through calculating relevant permitted u-turn lane length and minimum separation distance from the front intersection to starting point of permitted u-turn lane in urban signalized intersections in commercial area. Relevant permitted u-turn lane length is found to be 32m and minimum separation distances from the front intersection to starting point of permitted u-turn lanes are 72m, 40m, 24m in case of 1 left turn lane, 2 left turn lanes and 3 left turn lanes respectively. By comparing result values and field data, they had a large difference under the similar situations in their lengths. This result is caused of no specific standard about design of u-turn lanes. If results of this study applied to design of u-turn lanes, signalized intersections in urban commercial areas would be operated more safety and efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.35 no.9
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2019

Long-term allowable compressive Loads of PHC piles were analyzed based on qualification tests results by 17 small and medium PHC pile producing companies and product specifications by 6 major and 17 small and medium PHC pile producing companies. At the present stage, an average long-term allowable compressive load of PHC pile was designed at 70% level from current design data, and safety factor of 4.0 was applied to long-term allowable compressive loads of PHC pile despite of its excellent quality. Most quality standards of PHC pile are specified at KS F 4306. But compressive strength test method of spun concrete is specified at KS F 2454. As a result of analyzing quality test data supplied by each manufacturer, all quality test results showed higher performances than standard values. Therefore, it was considered that the capacity of PHC pile can be used up to the maximum allowable compressive load of PHC pile when PHC pile is designed.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.20 no.11
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2019

Limit state design (LSD) and allowable stress design (ASD) are two main types of soil nailing design methodologies. In the LSD method, stability is determined by applying individual coefficients to ground strength, working load and etc. The ASD method calculates the safety factor and compares it with the minimum safety factor to determine the stability. The global design trend of soil nailing system is changing from the ASD method to the LSD method. The design method in Korea still adopts the ASD philosophy while others mostly do the limit state design. In this study, four soil nail design methods, 'FHWA GEC 7' in U.S. (2015), 'Clouterre' in France (1991), 'Soil nailing - best practice guidance' in U.K. (2005), 'Geoguide 7' in Hongkong (2008), and 'Design guide for slope in construction work' in Korea (2016) were applied to the evaluation of the stability and the results were analyzed comparatively in brief. It is revealed that the design method of 'the overall stability of soil nail walls' in Korea is the most conservative and next those by FHWA, Clouterre and CIRIA become more conservative in order. However, the difference of results obtained from FHWA and Clouterre is negligible. Also, this study found out that efforts to improve domestic design criterion are needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.560-562
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 정보블록알고리즘(IBPA;Information Block Preprocessing Algorithm)을 이용한 정보블록 정렬알고리즘 (IBSA; Information Block Sort Algotithm)을 제안하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. IBSA의 시간복잡도는 O(N)이며, 데이터의 분포상태에 영향을 받지 않는다. IBPA의 성능을 측정해본 결과, 2백만개의 랜덤데이터를 정렬한 경우, 중복값 허용의 경우 (a)는 퀵 정렬의 32.42%, 기수정렬의 9%정도의 비교회수만으로도 정렬할 수 있음을 보여주었으며, 중복값이 없는 경우 (b)는 퀵 정렬의 53.12%, 기수정렬의 12.79%정도의 비교회수만으로도 정렬할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.07b
• /
• pp.172-174
• /
• 2005

센서 네트워크에서 집계(aggregation) 연산은 센서 네트워크를 데이터베이스로 구현하는데 있어서 중요하게 제공되어져야 하는 서비스이다 현재 연구되고 있는 것으로 집계 연산을 센서 네트워크의 특징상으로 분류하여 근접한 결과값을 받는 것을 허용하고 집계 값을 자식노드가 부모노드로 보내는 기간을 부모노드가 자식노드에게 나누어 할당하여 센서 네트워크상에 적절히 구현하는 것에 대해 알아보고 집계 그루핑을 하는 과정에서 데이터웨어하우징 연구의 최신기술인 점진적인 덜 관리 기법을 통해 센서노드들의 평균값에 대해 새로운 값이 추가될 때 다시 모든 값을 계산하기 않고 변경된 값만 적용하여 계산함으로 좀더 에너지 효율적으로 확장하는 것을 제안하였다.

• LP가스
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.49-61
• /
• 2010

제6회 LPG의 날 행사가 지난 11월 3일 서울 팔래스호텔에서 성황리에 열렸다. 이번 행사로 LPG연료의 발전방향을 모색해 보는 세미나가 진행됐다. 마지막 발표자로 나선 녹색교통운동 송상석 팀장은 우리나라 경차보급 문제점 및 확대방안을 통해 경차보급의 필요성을 주장했다. 특히 송 팀장은 경차보급을 촉진하기 위해 LPG경차를 허용했으나 자동차사의 상술로 인해 차량 값이100만원 가량 인상됐다고 지적했다. 자세한 발표 내용을 게재한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.153-156
• /
• 2004

Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) has peformed the calibration of therapy level dosimeters for Co-60 radiation since 1979. The reference standard ionization chamber has been calibrated at BIPM in France. The uncertainty on the KFDA calibration coefficients is 0.9 %(k=2) for air kerma and absorbed dose to water. Since 1999 a national quality audit program for ensuring dosimetry accuracy in Korea radiotherapy centers has been performed by the KFDA. The uncertainty associated with the determination of the absorbed dose to water from the TLD readings for high energy x-ray is 1.6 %(k=1). The correction factors for energy, non-linearity dose response, and TLD holder are used in the dose determination. Agreement between the user stated dose and KFDA measured dose within ${\pm}$ 5 % is considered acceptable. KFDA TLD postal dose quality audit program was peformed for 71 beam qualities of 53 domestic radiotherapy centers in 2003. The results for quality assurance showed that 63 out of 71 beam qualifies (89 %) satisfied the acceptance limit. The second audit was carried out for the centers outside the limit and ail of them have been corrected.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.12 no.9
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2011

This study has analysed overbreaks, shotcrete rebound and the ratio between the actual quantity of shotcrete sprayed compared to designed quantity measured during a NATM tunnel construction. Based on the measurements of size of the excavated tunnel faces, an average overbreak was about 28.5 cm, which is about 260% of allowable overbreak. The measured shotcrete rebound was about 7.2% in average which is about half the allowable rebound(15%). In addition, due to overbreaks and rebound the actual quantity of shotcrete used in the tunnelling work was about 116.5 % of the designed value. It has been found from the field measurements that the quantity of shotcrete showed some relation with rock mass rating(RMR) and the standard guideline of tunnel supports, but the size of overbreak showed less correlation with RMR and the standard guideline of tunnel supports. Hence, the current tunnel design specifications stating the size of overbreak based entirely on the standard guideline for tunnel supports should perhaps be reestablished. The insight into the design guideline regarding overbreak and actual quantity of shotcrete will be reported and discussed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.189-199
• /
• 1998

The system for optical tolerances of completion spectacles was made to sum of the accumulated error - the circumstances on composing prescription, the visual-distance, the tilting angle, the losing of a temple, the vertex distance, the axis of toric lens and the sloping of lens etc. It was given by the relation of allowed values size(T) and power(D), $T=T_0e^{-aD}$. Here, $T_0$ is the size of allowed values of plane-lens with power is 0 and ${\alpha}$ is the factor of allowed values. In case of being adopted to new form s tolerance corresponding to RAL 915, for the tolerance is large direction, the factor of allowed values ${\alpha}$ is $0.166(T_0=5.90)$ and for the tolerance is small direction, the factor of allowed values ${\alpha}$ is $0.166(T_0=2.95)$.