• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.685-691
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• 2007

In this paper through Honan high-speed railroad which is planned with the north and south axis, we will verify the feasibility of the coordinate conversion using railroad control points after regarding current planned-railroad as the linear central axises. From analysis, distortion of Y axis varies 21 cm to 40 cm diminishing to a gentle straight line, distortion of X axis varies 14 cm to 29 cm. Through a revision, the deviation value between the coordinates were 6 mm to 9 mm and it satisfied the allowable error of national geographic information institute which is following ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference Frame) and cadastral boundary survey (10 cm). consequently the coordinate conversion is possible using railroad control points as common control points.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 1996

It is important that the precise decision of the region and the accurate delivery of radiation dose required for treatment in the stereotactic radiosurgery. In this research, radiosurgery was carried with Leksell streotactic frame(LSF) which is especially developed water phantom to verify in experiment. Leksell Gamma Knife and LSF are used in radiosurgery is the spherical water phantom has the thickness of 2 mm, the radius of 160mm. The film for target localization and ionchamber for dose delivery was used in measurement instruments We compare the coordinate of target which is initialized by biplannar film with simple X-ray to the coordinate of film measured directly. The calculated dose by computer simulation and the measured dose by ionization chamber are compared. In this research, the target localization has the range ${\pm}$0.3mm for the acceptable error range and the absolute dose is :${\pm}$0.3mm for the acceptable error range. This research shows that the values measured by using the especially manufactured phantom are included the acceptable error range. Thus, this water phantom will be used continuously in the periodic quality assurance of Gamma Knife Unit and Leksell Stereotactic Frame.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.231-236
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the amounts of pesticide residues after treatment of criterion dose with 4 pesticides(tolclofos-m, folpet, procymidone, and triflumizole) under cultivated period and to compare the biological half-life of pesticides with 6 kinetic models(first, zero and second order kinetics, power function, elovich and parabolic model) and to establish proposed field tolerance using biological half-lives. Recovery of 4 pesticides form strawberry was ranged from 85.1 to 105.5%. For all of 4 pesticides, dissipation rate was over 73% at 5 days after application. Among 6 kinetic models, first order kinetic model (FO) was best fit to describe the relationship between residual pattern of pesticides and time. Therefore, half-lives were calculated by FO for establishing the field tolerance. These results showed that half-life should be calculated by comparative best fit kinetic model and field tolerance can help to prevent unacceptable agricultural products from marketing. It is good for both consumers and farmers having safe agricultural products and financial benefits, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.456-462
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• 2015

365 pieces of domestic $38{\times}140{\times}3600mm$ Red pine structural lumber were machine graded conforming to a softwood structural lumber standard (KS F 3020). The allowable bending stresses calculated for each grade were compared with the values currently tabulated in the standard. Four calculation methods for lower $5^{th}$ percentile bending stress were non-parametric estimation with 75% confidence level, 2-parameter and 3-parameter Weibull distribution fit, and bending modulus of rupture (MOR)-modulus of elasticity (MOE) regression based method. Only the data set of Grades E8, E9, and E10 were statistically eligible for the $5^{th}$ percentile calculation. The MOR-MOE regression based method only was able to estimate the lower $5^{th}$ percentile values theoretically for the full range of grades. The results showed that all allowable bending stresses calculated were lower than the design values tabulated in the standard. This implies that the current machine grading system has the pitfall of structural safety. Improvement in current machine grading system could be achieved by introducing the bending strength and stiffness combination grade system.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2022

In this paper, we proposed an active fault tolerant control (AFTC) method for the position control of a quadrotor with complete loss of effectiveness of one motor. We obtained the dynamics of a quadrotor using Lagrangian equation without small angle assumption. For detecting the fault on a motor, we designed a fault detection module, which consists of the fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) module and the fault detection and isolation (FDI) module. For the FDD module, we designed a nonlinear observer that observes the states of a quadrotor based on the obtained dynamics. Using the observed states of a quadrotor, we designed residual signals and set the appropriate threshold values of residual signals to detect the fault. Also, we designed an FDI module to identify the fault location using the designed additional conditions. To make a quadrotor track the desired path after detecting the fault of a motor, we designed a fault tolerant controller based on the multiple sliding surface control (MSSC) technique. Finally, through simulations, we verified the effectiveness of the proposed AFTC method for a quadrotor with complete loss of effectiveness of one motor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2013

The process of a feature matching for two different spatial data sets is similar to the process of classification as a binary class such as matching or non-matching. In this paper, we calculated a threshold by applying an equal error rate (EER) which is widely used in biometrics that classification is a main topic into spatial data sets. In a process of discriminating what's a matching or what's not, a precision and a recall is changed and a trade-off appears between these indexes because the number of matching pairs is changed when a threshold is changed progressively. This trade-off point is EER, that is, threshold. To the result of applying this method into training data, a threshold is estimated at 0.802 of a value of shape similarity. By applying the estimated threshold into test data, F-measure that is a evaluation index of matching method is highly value, 0.940. Therefore we confirmed that an accurate threshold is calculated by EER without person intervention and this is appropriate to matching different spatial data sets.

• Korean Journal of Dental Materials
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.233-242
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of resin cement color on the color of commercially available zirconia crown. The zirconia and resin cements used for the experiment were $NuSmile^{(R)}$ ZR Zirconia LT Shade (LT), $RelyX^{TM}$ U200 TR, A2, and A3O (TR, A2, A3O). The disks of zirconia and resin cements with diameters of 5 mm and thicknesses of 1 mm were prepared. Five disks were made for each specimen. The CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ values of zirconia, resin cements and the combinations thereof were measured on black and white backgrounds, respectively, using a spectrophotometer. The color effect of resin cement on the color of the zirconia crown was evaluated by calculating translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and color differences (${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$) based on the measured CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ values. The statistical significances were verified by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey-multiple comparisons tests. As a result, the TP and CR values were decreased (p<0.05) and increased, respectively, in the combination of zirconia and resin cement disks compared to zirconia disk per se. When using the black background, the ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values between zirconia and the combination of the zirconia and three resin cement disks were imperceptible level. The A3O showed the lowest ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ value among three resin cements. When using the white background, the ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values between zirconia and the combination of zirconia and TR resin cement (LT/TR) disks showed acceptable level. However, the ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values between zirconia and the combination of zirconia and A2 resin cement (LT/A2) disks showed unacceptable level. Meanwhile, the ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values between zirconia and the combination of zirconia and A3O resin cement (LT/A3O) disks showed perceptible but acceptable level. Within the limits of this study, the colors of resin cements did not cause unacceptable color changes of zirconia except the combination of LT/A2 on the white background. The resin cement that gave the least color changes to zirconia was A3O. This means that the resin cement A3O is recommended to use for minimizing color changes when cementing commercially available zirconia crown to tooth.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.16 no.8 s.162
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• pp.68-77
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• 1996

한전 전력연구원은 최근 월성 원자력 1호기 주증기관 배관 설비의 안전성 및 운전 신뢰도를 크게 향상시킬 `배관진동 해석기술`을 개발하였다. 이 기술은 소음진동연구팀이 연구에 착수한지 2년만에 성공한 것으로, 10년 이상 진동 문제로 어려움을 겪고 있는 월성 원자력 1호기 주증기 배관의 유체 유동, 구조물의 동적$\cdot$정적 특성을 규명, 진동 감쇠 장치를 설치하게 됨으로써 배관의 최대 진동값이 허용 기준치 이하로 줄어들어 시스템 신뢰성 및 원전 설비의 안전성을 크게 높인 것으로 평가되고 있다. 전력연구원은 앞으로 이 기술을 월성 1호기 나머지 2개 라인 및 타 발전소에까지 적용시켜 대형 배관 구조물의 해석 기술을 선진국 수준으로 향상시킬 계획이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.233-234
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• 2004

최근 들어 국제 방사선 방호위원회(ICRP: International Commission on Radiological Protection)의 ICRP-60에서는 원전 작업종사자의 연간 허용 피폭량을 현행값인 5 rem보다 연 평가 2 rem으로 제한 운영토록 권고하고 있다. 이렇게 엄격해지는 방사선 관리규정에 능동적으로 대처할 수 있도록 새로운 방호차원에서 관련 계통 및 기기들의 방사선량을 낮출 수 있는 기술 개발이 절실한 실정이다. 각국의 원전에서는 방사능을 강구하고 있는 실정이다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.295-300
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• 1997

건물지하터파기에서 지하굴착시 공사비절감 및 안전관리를 위하여 계측관리를 실시하였다. 본 빌딩은 길이와 폭이 38.6m, 28.5m, 터파기깊이는 17.5m로 원설계에서는 strut5단으로 토류벽을 지지하여 흙을 굴착하는 것으로 설계되어 있으나 토질주상도를 참고로 할 때GL-8.5m부터는 굳은 토사층 및 풍화암층이 나오는 상태이므로 원설계와는 달리 토층이 연약한 부분만 strut로 지지한 후 strut에 strain Gauge를 부착하여 굴착단계마다 strut의 응력을 검정하고 이 응력값이 부재의 허용응력 이내로 계속된다면 Strut단 수를 절감하는 방안으로 일을 추진하였으며 본문에서는 이에 대하여 설명하고자 한다. (중략)