• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

With the proliferation of wireless devices, mobile ad-hoc networking (MANETS) has become a very exciting and important technology. However, MANET is more vulnerable than wired networking. Existing security mechanisms designed for wired networks have to be redesigned in this new environment. In this paper, we discuss the problem of anomaly detection in MANET. The focus of our research is on techniques for automatically constructing anomaly detection models that are capable of detecting new or unseen attacks. We propose a new anomaly detection method for MANETs. The proposed method performs cross-feature analysis on the basis of Rough sets to capture the inter-feature correlation patterns in normal traffic. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through a simulation. The results show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to the performance of Huang method that uses cross-feature based on the probability of feature attribute value. Accordingly, we know that the proposed method effectively detects anomalies.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.276-284
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to identify factors affecting terminal care performance of clinical nurses. Methods: The participants in this study were 175 nurses working in hospitals in Daegu and North Gyeongsang Province. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire and were analyzed with the IBM SPSS WIN 19.0 program. Results: Nurses' terminal care performance was significantly related with suffering experience, empathy ability and caring behaviors. Significant predictors for terminal care performance were their department, empathy ability and caring behaviors. These factors explained 43.52% of the variance in terminal care performance of clinical nurses. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that terminal care performance of clinical nurses can be strengthened by improving empathy ability and caring behaviors.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.56
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• pp.156-174
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• 2011

Empathic concern is a major psychological factor which activates motives for help. This study investigates how the impact of empathic concern, as a personal trait, and the interaction with positive/negative framing influences responses towards help campaigns. Experiments with 176 subjects were conducted and the data were analyzed focusing on the role of anticipated emotions(satisfaction and guilt). The results were that people high in empathic concern showed larger anticipated satisfaction and behavioral intention compared to people low. The main effect was weak for anticipated guilt. Evidence suggests that anticipated satisfaction mediate the influence of the interaction of empathic concern and framing on behavioral intention. Anticipated guilt did not appear to act as an mediating variable. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.19C no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2012

MANET(Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) has a weakness from a security aspect because it operates where no wired network is built, which causes the exposed media, dynamic topology, and the lack of both central monitoring and management. It is especially difficult to detect and mitigate a malicious node because there is not a mediator which controls the network. This kind of malicious node is closely connected to the routing in the field of study of Ad-Hoc security. Accordingly this paper proposes the method on how to enhance the security for the safe and effective routing by detecting the malicious node. We propose MBC(Identification technition of Malicious Behavior node based on Collaboration in MANET) that can effectively cope with malicious behavior though double detecting the node executing the malicious behavior by the collaboration between individual node and the neighbor, and also managing the individual nodes in accordance with the trust level obtained. The simulation test results show that MBC can find the malicious nodes more accurately and promptly that leads to the more effectively secure routing than the existing method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.481-486
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• 2015

This study aimed to analyze how a variety of relations created by the actions of characters shown in SBS Wednesday and Thursday dramas are communicated by using Greimas' actantial model. This study analyzed the sparsity structure that the subject have in relations between the subject, and a desire structure that the subject have will appear if we look into the interactive and binding relation between the subject and the object in the process of solving those problems. In the relations between the subject and originator, the role of originator in the dramas was limited when his or her character is established as a poor character weaker than the subject and the one to be protected, whereas he or she was more authoritative than the subject in the structure that originator shares a role as an antagonist. Objectors shown in three works gave help to the solution of incident after all by turning coat as another cooperators of the subject and the object, showing a tendency to reach maturity rather than being unhappy.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2006

This study intends to present essential models for collaborative learning in e-learning environment as well as to analyze learning behavior elements appearing in collaborative learning activities. In order to achieve goal of the study, the researchers analyzed existing cooperative learning models for face-to-face classroom, collaborative activity models based on instructional theory, and the structures and activities elements of learning community and collaborative activity models focusing on e-learning environment. As a result of the study, the researchers produced a generalizable collaborative learning model for e-learning which include general collaborative learning model, and further analyzed specific learning behaviors performed by learners while they proceed in this model based learning processes. The adequacy of this model and reliability of learning behavior elements were tested through experts' review meetings. The research result, suggesting generalizable collaborative learning model as well as learning behaviors elements which might occur within e-learning based collaborative learning, might work as a foundational model for software infrastructure and e-learning solution business. Moreover, its value might be maximized if its being used for enhancing learning content interoperability and reuse as well as for establishing international standardization for collaborative technology.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.265-288
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• 2002

The use of alcohol is recognized as having negative consequences on clinical and psychosocial outcomes in service users with major mental illnesses. This necessitates an introduction of intervention measures in domestic mental health service in Korea. Since research basis on which such measures are developed lacks, this paper aims at exploring drinking patterns of Korean service users and suggesting directions and strategies for intervention. The data came from 151 service users recruited at 14 service settings in Seoul Metropolitan area. The quantitative part of the data includes their recent drinking experiences in terms of patterns and severity; the qualitative part includes information on the drinking context. The data were compared among three types of service settings, each of which differs in physical availability of alcohol by their users. Each group revealed distinctive features in drinking patterns, the author thus suggested directions and strategies of intervention specific to type of service setting.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

The mass collaboration, one of the newest solutions for web-related tasks, has been recognized to be an effective tool for the R&D sectors of the corporates, since the key advantages of crowdsourcing is that the industrial challenges can be shared with the public entities to find proper solutions. This research approaches to the possibility of the design adoption with participation thorough the Internet will positively effect to its process. This research tried to look around the current trend of web 2.0 based services which support the Mass Collaboration method and results of paper related to the Crowdsourcing and design integration. Following to the analysis of web research, we meet the conclusion as just a small number of users' opinion has helped designing new product and service. And we compared it to the conventional design process detail functions, less number of websites support it. However, the result of paper research shows optimistic results of collective design activity. Several cases emphasize that participants were very active to support their thoughts, memories and novel design idea, therefore designer and researchers got enormous help from them and it was better than conventional participatory design in some perspective.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.3-35
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• 2009

A concept of Aircraft crime includes an Air range, unlawful seizure of aircraft and unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation. There are international treaties and conventions which have mainly been enacted by ICAO. The following treaties and conventions are categorical and unconditional norms that any States are clearly condemned. Convention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft, Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, Convention for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation, Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation, Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection In this essay, I present the meaning of the aircraft crime mentioned on the treaties above and jurisdiction of the crime. Moreover, I explain how to demand reparation for damages onboard or on the surface when an aircraft crime is occurred. Lastly, I indicate legal bases of how to protect the victims of the aircraft crime by mentioning specific cases relating to the crime.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.94-106
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• 2009

오늘날 항공기사고는 우리나라뿐만 아니라 세계도처에서 때때로 발생되고 있다. 특히 항공기에 대한 갑작스러운 테로 공격 또는 일반 항공사고에 기인된 항공기의 추락 및 물건의 낙하로 인하여 지상에 있는 제3자에게 손해를 입히는 경우가 간혹 발생되고 있다. 이와 같은 항공사건에 있어 가해자(항공기 운항자)는 피해자(지상 제3자 등)에 대하여 불법행위책임을 부담하게 되는데 이러한 사건들을 해결하기 위하여 1952년의 개정로마조약과 1978년의 몬트리올의정서 등이 있음으로 본 논문에서는 이들 조약의 성립경위 및 주요내용과 개정이유 등을 간략하게 설명하였다. 특히 2001년 9월 11일에 뉴욕에서 발생된 이른바 항공기 납치에 의한 동시다발 테러 사건의 피해는 4대의 항공기에 탑승한 승객 및 승무원 266명이 전원 사망하였고 워싱턴에 있는 미국 방성청사에서의 사망 및 실종이 125명, 세계무역센터에서의 사망 및 실종이 약5,000여명에 달하는 막대한 피해가 발생되었다. 9/11참사사건은 지상에 있는 제3자의 인적 및 물적 손해가 거액에 달하였음으로 이에 따라 영국의 로이드보험 등 세계보험업계가 크게 손실을 입게 되어 항공보험을 기피하는 현상이 생겨나 법적인 문제점이 제기되었다. 국제민간항공기구(ICAO)에서는 9/11사태 이후 이와 같은 테로 사건의 법적대응책과 자구책을 마련하기 위하여 약 8년간의 심의 끝에 항공기에 대한 테로 공격(불법방해 행위)과 1952년 개정로마조약의 현대화(일반위험) 등 새로운 2개 조약을 2009년 5월 2일에 성립시켜 공표하였다. 상기 새로운 2개의 조약 중 첫째 조약은 항공기의 불법방해 행위에 기인된 제3자에 대한 손해 배상에 관한 조약(Convention on Compensation for Damage to Third Parties, Resulting from Acts of Unlawful Interference Involving Aircraft: 일명 불법방해조약이라고 호칭함: Unlawful Interference Convention)이고 둘째 조약은 항공기에 기인된 제3자에 대한 손해배상에 관한조약 (Convention on Compensation for Damage Caused by Aircraft to Third Parties: 일명 일반위험 조약이라고 호칭함: General Risk Convention) 이다. 본 논문에서는 이 새로운 2개 조약에 대한 ICAO가 주관한 성립경위와 주요 내용 및 필자의 논평을 제시하였고 이들 조약에 대하여 한국의 조속한 비준을 촉구하는 바이다.