• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.629-641
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• 2016

Understanding of how teachers change instruction can help predict what kind of educational materials is supportive or appropriate. On the basis of this idea, we explored elementary teachers' PCK progression on specific topics of astronomy: planet size and distance in solar system. To identify the development of PCK over time, we utilized learning progression (LP) as a conceptual framework. The progression of teacher PCK can also be illustrated as the hypothetical pathway from novice to expert like LP. Eight 5th grade elementary teachers participated in this study. We observed participating teachers' astronomy classes with the same topic. In order to document topic-specific PCK of participating teachers, we developed an analytic protocol consisting of four categories: knowledge of curriculum, knowledge of teaching strategies, knowledge of assessment, and astronomical thinking practice. In addition, we monitored the changes in the four participating teachers' PCK for two years in order to validate the evidences of the PCK progression. Participating teachers in this study took some intervention by attending a four-week pre-meeting with the researchers to profile an adaptive instruction. Through this research, we profiled four and five different levels of PCK progressions in three knowledge components (curriculum, teaching strategies, student assessment) and one astronomical thinking practice (systems thinking), respectively. Participating teachers demonstrated various levels and pathways in each component of PCK. This study released the empirical evidences in fostering instructional scaffolding, which is appropriate to the level of PCK of science teachers on specific topic.

• International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Korean Journal of Geophysical Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 1993

A radiative transfer model with two-stream/delta-Eddington approximation has been developed to calculate the vertical distributions of atmospheric heating rates and radiative fluxes. The performance of the model has been evaluated by comparison with the results of ICRCCM (Intercomparison of radiative codes in climate models). It has been demonstrated that the presented model has a capability to calculate the solar radiation not only accurately but also economically. The characteristics of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280-320nm) are examined by comparison of relation between the flux at the top of atmosphere and that at the surface. The relation of UV-B is quadratic due to the strong ozone absorption in this band. Also, the dependence of the UV-B radiation on the stratospheric ozone depletion and stratospheric aerosol haze due to volcanic eruption on the stratospheric ozone depletion and stratospheric aerosol haze due to volcanic eruption has been tested with various solar zenith angles. The surface UV-B increases as the solar zenith angle increases. The existence of stratospheric aerosols causes an increase in the planetary albedo due to the aerosols' backscattering. The planetary albedo with aerosol's effect has been increases as the solar zenith angle is not sensitive. It may be caused by the fact that the aerosols' scattering effect becomes saturated with the relatively long path length in a large solar zenith angle. Finally, the regional impact of stratospheric aerosols due to volcanic eruption on the intensity of UV-B radiation at the surface has been estimated. A direct effect is that the flux is diminished at the low latitudes, while it is enhanced in the high latitudes by the aerosols' photon trap or twilight effect. In the high latitudes, both aerosols' scattering and ozone absorption have strong and opposite impacts to the surface UV-B radiation is located at the mid-latitudes during spring season in both hemispheres.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.103-113
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• 2022

In this study, in the Nativity birth chart of Classic Astrology, the study was conducted under the premise that 'If the natives are born with different structures to govern their diseases, diseases may appear differently in the lives of natives.' did. In the birth chart, an individual's innate health was analyzed through the strengths and weaknesses of sign, planets, and aspects. In the case of managing congenital diseases, we studied the aspect relationship between the native's ASC constellation and the fixed star and planet in the Nativity Birth Chart. In the case of controlling acquired diseases, it was judged by examining the constellations, rulers, and planets of the 6^th house that control diseases in the Nativity birth chart. In the case of acquired diseases, natives may be exposed to various accidents and diseases throughout their lives. So, we looked at the relationship between diseases through the energy and weakness of the planet coming through Pirdaria, the aspect relationship with the planet, and fixed star. As a result of the study, a native's health status is given differently depending on the strength and weakness of the innate sign and planet in the Nativity Birth Chart. And it has been proven that the health of the native is determined by the state of the 6^th House, who rules over disease, and the disease and accidents that come from Direction are determined by the relationship between the planet and the aspect coming from Pirdaria.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.45.1-45.1
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• 2006

• Digital Contents
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• no.12 s.91
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• pp.14-15
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• 2000

최근에는 각 산업별로 전문지가 왕성한 활동을 보이고 있다. 경제, 금융, 식품, 법률, 행성, 정보통신, 해양, 에너지, 교육 등 이루 열거하기도 벅찰 만큼 매체들이 많다 그중에는 오랜 전통으로 그 분야의 역사를 한눈에 알아볼 수 있을 정도로 단단한 기반을 가지고 있는 매체가 있는가 하면 최근에 창간돼 이름조차 생소한 매체들도 상당수 있다.정보통신 분야만 보더라도 (정확한 통계는 낼수 없지만, MS사 등 업체들이 발간(뉴스레터 형식의 서비스를)하는 매체를 포함해서) 온라인과 오프라인을 합쳐 70여개의 매체가 있다고 추산되고 있다.

• 보건세계
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• v.43 no.11 s.483
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• pp.4-7
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• 1996

폐는 산소가 많이 포함된 신선한 공기를 혈액에 공급하여 줌으로써 우리 몸의 활동유지에 필요한 산소를 공급해 줌과 동시에 신체의 활동에 의하여 생성된 이산화탄소를 몸밖으로 배출하는 작용을 주로 하는 기관이다. 따라서 폐는 본연의 기능을 유지하기 위하여 계속적으로 외부의 공기를 흡입하여야 한다. 이 과정에서 외부에서 균으로 오염된 공기를 흡인하거나 또는 폐에 도달되기 전에 공기가 거쳐 지나가게 되는 구강 및 인후가 균으로 오염되어 있다가 오염된 분비물이 기도로 흡인되거나 하는 경우에는 폐실질에 염증이 발생할 수 잇는데, 이러한 경우를 폐렴이라고 한다. 이밖에도 다른 외부장기의 감염이 혈행성으로 폐로 전이되어서 폐렴이 발생할 수도 있다. 폐렴의 원인균은 각종 세균, mycoplasma, chlamidae, rickettsiae, virus 등 매우 다양하며, 균이 아닌 자극성 물질 또 호산구의 폐침윤 등에 의해서도 폐렴이 발생할 수 있다.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.2 s.393
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• pp.10-13
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• 2002

2001년의 가장 괄목할 과학 연구업적/초기 인간배아 복제 성공/새로운 디자인의 엔진/인간 줄기세포를 뇌세포로 전환/DNA 컴퓨터 개발/태양계 밖 행성의 대기상태 밝혀내/세계에서 가장 빠른 레이저/화성에 한때는 물이 지구보다 많았다/눈 무게 때문에 지구가 축소 팽창한다/목성의 위성 이오의 화산 분화구 촬영/산소원자 4개로 이뤄진 산소분자 발견/침팬지 지놈 98.7%가 인간과 동일/바다거북의 항해 기술

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.77-77
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• 2003

공생별의 고분산 분광 자료에서 대부분 발머 방출선은 매우 넓게 펼쳐진 날개 부분이 나타나며, 일부 어린 행성상 성운과 post-AGB별에서도 비슷한 현상이 보고되었다. 날개 부분의 형성 과정으로 현재 제안된 이론은 발머선 광자의 전자 산란과 수소 라이먼 방출선의 라만 산란이 있다. 우리는 이 연구에서 전자 산란과 라만 산란 과정에서 나타나는 날개 부분의 선윤곽의 미세한 차이점을 제시하고자 한다. 또한, 두 산란 과정이 공생별의 궤도 위상에 따라 나타나는 세기 변화의 양상을 계산하고, 장기간 관측을 통하여 공생별의 궤도 요소에 대한 정보를 얻을 수 있는 가능성에 대하여 토의한다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2006

• 대한미세수술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.164.2-165
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• 1996