• Title/Summary/Keyword: 해외농업투자

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A Study on Economy of Agricultural Investment Business to the Ukraine (우크라이나 농업투자사업의 경제성에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon, Jun Sang;Lee, Eun-Kyu;Park, Young Soon;Kim, Sung Rok
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.117-142
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    • 2014
  • This study aims to analyzing economy of agricultural investment to the Ukraine based on survey and analysis of environment of agricultural investment to the Ukraine. The Ukraine had been used as a grain belt for Russia for some 60 years among CIS nations so that agricultural environment is excellent and capital investment on agricultural field is on the rise every year. Accordingly, agricultural investment to the Ukraine should be approached not only in economy but also in the dimension of diversification of foreign agricultural investment area and food security. And it is necessary to seek measures for both government and private body to make inroads into the country together.

농업 벤처 기업 분석과 활성화 방안 연구

  • Heo, Cheol-Mu
    • 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2017.11a
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    • pp.71-74
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 농업벤처기업의 활성화를 위해 경영현황 및 애로사항, 지원 우선순위 등에 대해 조사하고 분석하였다. 이를 위해 국내 농업벤처기업 103개소를 대상으로 벤처기업협회에서 실시한 설문조사 결과를 분석하였으며, 일반벤처기업 2,098개소, 농림어업 벤처기업 67개소를 대상으로 실시한 벤처기업정밀실태조사 자료를 토대로 비교 분석 연구를 수행하여 다음과 같은 주요 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 일반벤처 대비 높은 금융비용과 부채비율, 신규자금에 대한 높은 정부 의존도, 자금조달의 어려움과 벤처 투자 유치 실적이 저조함으로 인해 농업벤처기업의 재정 여건은 매우 열악한 환경에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 극복하기 위한 방안으로 농산물 중부가가치가 높고 수출 가능한 품목을 선별하여 육성하는 투자 방안이 필요하며, 정부 보조금과 지원금 매칭 펀드 방식의 혼합 지원 및 크라우드 펀딩의 활용 검토가 필요하다. 둘째, 농업벤처는 일반벤처에 비해 R&D투자보다는 설비투자 비중이 높으나 연구개발 자금지원을 가장 필요한 방안 1순위로 꼽고 있으며, 자가 기술을 활용하여 비즈니스 모델화하는 데 어려움이 많은 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 제조업 기업 비중이 63.2%를 차지하고 있어 사업 분야의 편중이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 고려하여 해외시장을 고려한 제품 연구개발 및 생산원가 경쟁력 확보, 그리고 관련 분야 투자유치와 고용 창출이 필요하다. 또한 개발된 기술의 사업화 지원을 위해 투자 기반 사업화 추진과 제조업 외 다양한 분야의 육성이 필요하다. 셋째, 사업규모가 적고 기업이 안정화되지 못해 신규인력 확보 및 유지에 어려움을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 인력확보의 활성화를 위한 방안으로는 지속적인 농업 인력 감소에 대응하여 스마트농업 가능 인력의 양성이 필요하며, 농업벤처 지원 교육의 체계화와 효율화를 위한 컨트롤타워가 필요하다. 넷째, 국내외 판로개척에 대한 애로사항이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 위한 지원 방안으로 관 주도의 수출지원정책에서 민간참여 위주로 정책 방향 변경이 필요하며, 수출대상국에 적합한 전략적 농산물 및 가공식품 생산이 필요하다.

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Research on the Circumstance for Agricultural Investment of Cambodia (캄보디아 농업투자 환경에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Kyu-Seong;Bae, Dong-Jin;Kim, Seong-Nam;Kang, Young-Shin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.475-484
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    • 2011
  • International price of cereal has been dramatically increasing for the past few years. This price hike amplified the importance of food self-sufficiency in numerous countries due to the fact that food security is directly proportional to food self-sufficiency. In this study, we conducted a survey to provide useful information of Cambodia's agricultural environment to possible Korean agricultural investors and as to highlight Cambodia as a strong candidate for the establishment of Korea's foreign base for cereal production. The survey conducted includes information regarding Cambodia's agricultural environment and investment circumstances including the political, economical and other contributing factors affecting agricultural investment in Cambodia. Seventy percent of the Cambodia's total population engage in agriculture and this comprises about 30% of the country's GDP. This statistics reflects the possibility of Cambodia's poverty alleviation which proves that agriculture in Cambodia is the driving force for the improvement of the country's economy. In addition, low labor cost, fertile land, abundant water resources, like the Tonle sap lake and the Mekong river, and unreclaimed lands are the strong points that could attract agricultural investors to Cambodia. Poor infrastructure, irrigation systems, law reforms, including social and cultural differences may be the biggest setbacks for the acceleration of Cambodia's agriculture development. However, the Cambodian government is open and willing to make adjustments for Cambodia to be both foreign and domestic agricultural investor-friendly, expecting that it will boost its country's agricultural development. Making the best out of this opportunity, the coordination of KOICA with Korean agricultural investors in building infrastructures and with the help of the KOPIA program for the transfer of agricultural technology will benefit both countries and will play an important role in Cambodia's agriculture.

Strategies for Korean Agribusiness Investment in China (대중국 소자본 농업투자 진출 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, Sung-Eui
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.315-333
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    • 2011
  • Korea and China have a similar agricultural background and they have an analogical culture and custom of food. In addition, they are located close. Thus, their agricultural sectors easily have effected each other. The purpose of this study is to review the history and situation of Chinese agribusiness, to analyze the status of Chinese investing policy which is varied after China joining in WTO, and to suggest the ways that Korean companies can successfully invest in the Chinese agribusiness sector. In addition, we explore the cases that foreign companies in Hongkong invest in the Chinese agribusiness sector. Korean companies must have a special knowledge about Chinese laws and custom of business. They also have to make a good partners who help their business. Second, before Korean companies investing in the Chinese agribusiness sector, they must carefully choice investing items. These items have to satisfy several conditions, accessing to international market as well as Chinese market and that politic assistance of Chines government is rendered. Third, when Korean companies invest in the Chinese agribusiness sector, the scale of invest would better not be large. In addition, Korean companies have to make a joint-venture company in China and build vertical integration.

A study on the improvement of distribution system by overseas agricultural investment (해외농업투자에 따른 유통체계 개선방안에 관한 연구)

  • Sun, Il-Suck;Lee, Dong-Ok
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 2010
  • Recently concerns have been raised due to the unbalanced supply of crops: the price of crops has been unstable and at one point the price went up so high that the word Agflation(agriculture+ inflation) was coined. Korea, in particular, is a small-sized country and needs to secure the stable supply of crops by investing in the produce importation at a national level. Investment in foreign produce importation is becoming more important as a measure for sufficient supply of crops, limited supply of domestic crops, weakened farming conditions worldwide, as well as recent changes in the use of crops due to the development of bio-fuels, influence of carbon emission on crops, the price increase in crops, and influx of foreign hot money. However, there are many problems with investing in foreign produce importation: lack of support from the government; lack of farming information and technology; difficulty in securing the capital; no immediate pay-off from the investment and insufficient management. Although foreign produce is originally more price-competitive than domestic produce, it loses its competiveness in the process of importation (due to high tariffs) and poor distribution system, which makes it difficult to sell in Korea. Therefore, investment in foreign produce importation is being questioned for feasibility; to make it possible, foreign produce must maintain the price-competitiveness. Especially, harvest of agricultural products depends on natural and geographical conditions of each country and those products have indigenous properties, so distribution system according to import and export of agricultural products should be treated more carefully than that of other industries. Distribution costs are differentiated into each item and include cost of sorting and wrapping, cost of wrapping materials, cost of domestic transport, cost of international transport and cost of clearing customs for import and export. So transporting and storing agricultural products generates considerable costs compared with other products. Also, due to upgrade of dietary life, needs for stability, taste and visible quality toward food including agricultural products are being raised and wrong way of storage causes decomposition of food and loss of freshness, making the storage more difficult than that in room temperature, so storage and transport in distribution of agricultural products needs specialty. In addition, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. However, existing distribution system of agricultural products is exposed to various problems including problems in distribution channel, making distribution and strategy for distribution and those problems are as follows. First, in case of investment in overseas agricultural industry, stable supply of the products is difficult because areas of production are dispersed widely and influenced by outer factors due to including overseas distribution channels. Also, at the aspect of quality, standardization of products is difficult, distribution system is quite complicated and unreasonable due to long distribution channels according to international trade and financial and institutional support is not enough. Especially, there are quite a lot of ineffective factors including multi level distribution process, dramatic gap between production cost and customer's cost, lack of physical distribution facilities and difficulties in storage and transport due to lack of wrapping containers. Besides, because import and export of agricultural products has been manages under the company's own distribution according to transaction contract between manufacturers and exporting company, efficiency is low due to excessive investment in fixed costs and lack of specialty in dealing with agricultural products causes fall of value of products, showing the limit to lose price-competitiveness. Especially, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. Second, among tangible and intangible services which promote the efficiency of the whole distribution, a function building distribution environment which includes distribution information, system for standard and inspection, distribution finance, system for diversification of risks, education and training, distribution administration and tax system is wanted. In general, such a function building distribution environment is difficult to be changed and supplement innovatively because its effect compared with investment does not appear immediately despite of its necessity. Especially, in case of distribution of agricultural products, as a function of collecting and distributing is performed individually through various channels, the importance of distribution information and standardization is getting more focus due to the problem of repetition of work and lack of specialty. Also, efficient management of distribution is quite difficult due to lack of professionals in distribution, so support to professional education is needed. Third, though effort to keep self-sufficiency ratio of staple food, rice is regarded as important at the government level, level of dependency on overseas of others crops is high. Therefore, plan for stable securing food resources aside from staple food is also necessary. Especially, governmental organizations of agricultural products distribution in Korea are production-centered and have unreasonable structure whose function at the aspect of distribution and consumption is quite insufficient. And development of new distribution channels which can deal with changes in distribution environment and they do not achieve actual results of strategy for distribution due to non-positive strategy for price distribution. That is, it implies the possibility that base for supply will become vulnerable because it does not mediate appropriate interests on total distribution channels such as manufacturers, wholesale dealers and vendors by emphasizing consumer protection excessively in the distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, this study examined fundamental concept and actual situation for our investment to overseas agriculture, drew necessities, considerations, problems, etc. of overseas agricultural investment and suggested improvements at the level of distribution for price competitiveness of agricultural products cultivated in overseas under five aspects; government's indirect support, distribution's modernization and distribution information function's strengthening, government's political support for distribution facility, transportation route, load and unloading works' improvement, price competitiveness' securing, professional manpower's cultivation by education and training, etc. Here are some suggestions for foreign produce importation. First, the government should conduct a survey on the current distribution channels and analyze the situation to establish a measure for long-term development plans. By providing each agricultural area with a guideline for planning appropriate production of crops, the government can help farmers be ready for importation, and prevent them from producing same crops all at the same time. Government can sign an MOU with the foreign government and promote the importation so that the development of agricultural resources can be stable and steady. Second, the government can establish a strategy for an effective distribution system by providing farmers and agriculture-related workers with the distribution information such as price, production, demand, market structure and location, feature of each crop, and etc. In order for such distribution system to become feasible, the government needs to reconstruct the current distribution system, designate a public organization for providing distribution information and set the criteria for level of produce quality, trade units, and package units. Third, the government should provide financial support and a policy to seek an efficient distribution channel for foreign produce to be delivered fresh: the government should expand distribution facilities (for selecting, packaging, storing, and processing) and transportation vehicles while modernizing old facilities. There should be another policy to improve the efficiency of unloading, and to lower the cost of distribution. Fourth, it is necessary to enact a new law covering exceptional cases for importing produce in order to maintain the price competitiveness; currently the high tariffs is keeping the imported produce from being distributed domestically. However, the new adjustment should be made carefully within the WTO regulations since it can create a problem from giving preferential tariffs. The government can also simplify the distribution channels in order to reduce the cost in the distribution process. Fifth, the government should educate distributors to raise the efficiency and to modernize the distribution system. It is necessary to develop human resources by educating people regarding the foreign agricultural environment, the produce quality, management skills, and by introducing some successful cases in advanced countries.

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Status of Maize Production and Distribution in South East Asia (동남아시아 옥수수 생산 및 유통현황)

  • Lee, Sang-Kyu;Song, Jun-Ho;Baek, Seong-Bum;Kwon, Young-Up;Lee, Byung-Moo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.60 no.3
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    • pp.318-332
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    • 2015
  • The maize production in South-eastern Asian countries showed a continuous increase with increasing poultry-livestock from the beginning of the 1990s to early 2010. Also the need for a new variety development of each contries was increased rapidly in the same period. Single-Cross hybrid varieties have been developed and supplied from 2001 instead of multi-cross maize varieties since 1992 in Indonesia. In Cambodia, CP group is mainly manufacturing feeds with most of the forage maize from farmers who are growing its seeds from the company. Cambodian main cultivars are varieties of multinational corporations such as DK8868 from Monsanto, NK6326, NK7328 from Syngenta and CP333 from CP group including local business company. Vietnam is the main maze importing country in South-Eastern Asia which had imported 13 times scale of amount compared to exports in average from 1990 to 2011. Vietnamese government has developed a range of varieties for improving their efficiency in production, such as the LVN-10 with political investments. Their production has been reached to 80% of the total. According to the 2012 MIFAFF (Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) data in Korea, domestic edible maize cultivation area was approximately 15,000ha. It showed 74,399 tons of production, 3.8% of food self-sufficiency in maize and around 0.9% of grain self-sufficiency rate. The consumption of grain is mostly rely on imports in Korea. To overcome the limit of the domestic seed market and increase maize self-sufficiency, the need to develop maze varieties for world-class is increasing at present through analyzing the market trend and prospect of the seed industry in South-eastern Asia.

2020년 우리나라 산업구조 변화의 전망

  • 오상봉
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.233-241
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    • 1996
  • 1) WTO 체제의 정착과 새로운 국제무역질서의 형성 1995년 1월 신 GATT체제라 할 수 있는 WTO가 정식 출범함으로써 새로운 국제무역질서의 기반을 구축하게 되었다. 즉, WTO의 출범으로 세계 경제는 하나의 교역규범 (WTO협정)과 하나의 국제기구 (WTO)를 갖게 되었으며, 이에 따라 지난 1980년대 이후 팽배해 온 세계무역의 신보호무역주의 경향은 다시금 자유무역주의로 복귀되었다. 이러한 WTO출범에 따른 세계자유무역의 확대는 기업의 해외직접투자를 증대시키고 세계경제의 안정성장에 크게 이바지할 것으로 기대된다. (중략)

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The Effects and Implications of Africa ODA Projects on Agricultural Outputs: Application of KOPIA Practices (아프리카 농업분야 ODA 사업 성과분석 및 시사점: KOPIA 사례를 중심으로)

  • Cho, Dongin;Park, Jonghoon;Lee, Seongwoo;Park, Jiyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.21-32
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzed investment effects for Practical Field Studies conducted by the KOPIA (Korea Program on International Agriculture) centers, which are part of the ODA project operated by the Rural Development Administration. Focusing on the productivity and effectiveness factors of each project, a questionnaire survey was sent to each KOPIA center associated with each project. The results demonstrated the production and profitability of farms participating in the pilot project were significantly improved compared to those of farms that did not participate in the project. Also, in the satisfaction results of taste, nutrition, and freshness, the participating firms could significantly improve them when being compared to those of non-participating farms. It is highly expected to contribute to improving the operational effectiveness of Practical Field Projects conducted in Africa based on the results of each project's performance and economic feasibility. This study also can lead to a change in the social perception of ODA projects by raising people's awareness of ODA projects.

북한(北韓)의 경제개발전략(經濟開發戰略)의 구조적(構造的) 문제점(問題點)

  • Park, Jeong-Dong
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.185-209
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    • 1996
  • 북한(北韓)의 경제개발전략(經濟開發戰略)의 제특징(諸特徵)은 저렴한 농산물가격(農産物價格)에 의한 농업부분(農業部分)에서의 잉여(剩餘), 저임금(低賃金)에 의한 도시노동자(都市勞動者)들로부터의 잉여(剩餘)를 가지고 경제발전(經濟發展)을 이룩하는 것이라 요약할 수 있다. 농민(農民), 도시노동자(都市勞動者) 양측(兩測)을 희생시키면서 유지되어 온 이러한 성장구조(成長構造)는 원래 같으면 저농산물가격(低農産物價格)${\rightarrow}$저임금(低賃金)${\rightarrow}$축적자금확대(蓄積資金擴大)${\rightarrow}$재투자(再投資)${\rightarrow}$생산량증가(生産量增加)${\rightarrow}$소비수준 (消費水準) 증가(增加)로 점진적으로 발전해야만 하는 것이다. 하지만 이러한 성장전략(成長戰略)은 처음부터 철저히 부정되어 왔다. 먼저 농촌부분(農村部分)부터 보면 농촌협동조합(農村協同組合)에서의 소유제도(所有制度), 분배제도(分配制度)의 문제(問題)로 인해 농민(農民)의 근로의욕(勤勞意欲)이 크게 상실되었고 그 결과(結果) 농업생산(農業生産)은 저하되었다. 한편 도시부분(都市部分)에서는 인민(人民)들의 저소비(低消費)의 결과(結果)로 축적된 자금(資金)이 군사부분(軍事部分)에 집중적으로 투자됨으로 인해 그 투자효과(投資效果)가 제 구실을 못하게 되었다. 뿐만 아니라 자급자족지향형(自給自足指向型)의 중공업화(重工業化)는 중공업(重工業)과 관련산업(關聯産業) 상호간(相互間)의 수요(需要)만을 충족시켜 왔다. 그 외에 기업(企業)이 국가(國家)의 지령(指令)에 의해서만 움직이는 국영기업관리체제(國營企業管理體制)의 비효율성(非效率性)도 지금의 북한경제(北韓經濟)를 침체(沈滯)의 늪에서 헤어나지 못하게 하는 주요(主要)한 요인(要因)으로 작용했다. 농업생산(農業生産)의 정체(停滯), 중공업(重工業)을 위한 중공업정책(重工業政策)이라고 하는 왜곡된 투자구조(投資構造), 기업관리체제(企業管理體制)의 비효율성(非效率性)은 북한(北韓)의 계획경제순환구조(計劃經濟循環構造)를 기본(基本)부터 뒤흔들기 시작하면서, 급기야 1980년대 후반부터는 순환구조(循環構造) 그 자체(自體)를 마비시키는 사태(事態)로까지 발전했다. 순환구조(循環構造)의 마비(痲痺)라고 하는 심각한 경제난(經濟難)을 타개하기 위해 북한(北韓)은 나진(羅津) 선봉(先鋒) 자유경제무역지대(自由經濟貿易地帶)를 설치(設置)하고 새로운 자금축적원(資金蓄積源)으로서 외국인직접투자(外國人直接投資)를 유치하는 개방정책(開放政策)을 추진하여 왔다. 하지만 북한(北韓)의 경제(經濟) 순환구조(循環構造)의 마비(痲痺)를 풀 수 있는 근본적(根本的)인 해법(解法)은 어디까지나 그 발단(發端)인 농촌(農村)의 경제체제개혁(經濟體制改革), 농(農) 경공업(輕工業)을 위한 중공업(重工業), 국영기업(國營企業)의 개혁(改革) 등을 과감히 실시하는 것이다. 왜냐하면 해외직접투자(海外直接投資)라는 새로운 자금축적원(資金蓄積源)은 어디까지나 지금의 악순환구조(惡循環構造)를 임시적(臨時的)으로 정지시켜 주는 보완적(補完的)인 조치(措置)에 불과하기 때문이다.

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