• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.511-521
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• 2002

Coastal sand dunes in West coast of Korea are under stress. Due to the newly constructed Seohaean(West Coast) Highways, the number of visitors and the anthropogenic pressures will keep rising in near future. Sea level rise due to the global warming may cause a lot of damage to the natural resources and residents of coastal area. Therefore, many countries including United States are doing nationwide coastline survey using highly sophisticated methodology. In this study, high resolution IKONOS satellite images along with aerial photographs taken since 1960's have been sequentially analyzed using GIS software (Erdas Imagine 8.3). Onsite monitoring has been performed at the 31 measuring points in 10 beaches since the May of 2001 in order to measure the sand budget. Post-construction monitoring after installation of sand fences is also being done on sites regularly. Restoration works seem to be effective at this moment.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.437-445
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• 2012

The study performed the implementation monitoring of the revegetation methods applied to the test-bed of Simgok Stream in Incheon to identify the effect of water level and inundation period on the vegetation coverage of the stream bank revegetation methods. The categories of monitoring included the plant species and plant coverage for each method, physicochemical property of soil, water level and water quality. The result of monitoring revealed that plant growth conditions of all revegetation methods of each stream bank were good in the first survey as of May 2010. However, in the second survey of June 2011 when inundation period was less than a week, plant growth conditions and coverage of revegetation methods were partially bad. In the third survey as of August 2011 when inundation period was longest as 8 weeks during survey period, most vegetations did not survive except for Phragmites communis. But plant species number and plant coverage were increased gradually in the forth survey as of October 2011 when inundation period was less than 2 weeks so water level decreased more than that of third survey. Accordingly, the correlation analysis among number of plant species and plant coverage on stream bank, which applied revegetation method, water level and inundation period was performed for quantitative analysis. The result revealed that number of plant species and plant coverage has a negative correlation with water level and inundation period, but inundation period had higher correlation with plant occurrence than water level.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.337-345
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• 2000

The flora and vegetation of salt marsh region in Nonhyun-dong, Incheon were investigated from June 1999 to June 2000. The surveyed region includes the several abandoned salt farms and natural salt marshes developing along the intertidal zone at the stream of the Sorae Inlet, Yellow Sea and is going to be constructed a costal ecopark. In this survey 14 species of halophytes were collected in the region, among them Suaeda maritima is the most common one, Salicornia herbacea, Artemisia scoparnia and Aster tripolium are also observed popularly. The flora of the abandoned salt farms is very similar to that of the natural salt marshes. However, the bank areas between the abandoned salt farms and the natural salt marshes showed more richness of species diversity including 21 naturalized plants. The vegetations on the natural salt marshes are mainly composed of Suaeda maritima -Artemisia scoparnia and Suaeda maritima communities. On the other hand, various plant communities were investigated in the abandoned salt farms such as Suaeda maritima-Salicornia herbacea, Phragmites communis-Typha angustata, Suaeda asparagoides -Suaeda maritima and Phragmites communis communities. Based on the plant physiognomy and species diversity, the region can be divided into three types of area for conservation, that is, the area composed of well-developed vegetation, disturbed one by human activities and plant withering area. Futhermore, according to the construction of the costal ecopark in the region the conservation scheme for each area was discssed.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

This study was conducted to provide basic data for the effective conservation and management in the black pine(Pinus thunbergii) stand which is located in the eastern coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do where the fragmentation of vegetation has been caused by the exploitation and the increase of tourists, and installed the seventy study sites($20{\times}20m$) in the dominant black pine stand. The black pine stand was classified into three groups(P. thunbergii - P. densiflora community, P. thunbergii - Robinia pseudoacacia community, P. thunbergii - P. densiflora-Celtis sinensis community) by a cluster analysis. As a result of Multi-Response Permutation Procedures test, there is significance among the communities. Pinus densiflora, Callicarpa japonica, Juniperus rigida, Rhododendron yedoense for. poukhanense etc. nineteen species were significant by indicator species analysis. The population structure of black pine stand showed that the class of diameter 12 to 26 cm was dominance, which had the inverse hump-shape pattern. Species diversity index(H') of investigated ranged from $1.033{\pm}0.234$ to $1.629{\pm}0.226$ in the woody layer group and from $2.448{\pm}0.457$ to $2.545{\pm}0.318$ $2.174{\pm}0.333$ in the herb layer group.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.193-207
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• 2012

This study discussed characteristics of Shindu Coastal Dune as habitat, and relationship between geodiversity and biodiversity. It was identified spatio-temporal variation of incoming nutrients depended on geomorphic differences of foredunes. The main incoming path of nutrients into coastal dune was considered as influx with movement of wind blown sands from the beach and tidal f lat. Concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, and P in blown sands were compared. Concentrations of Na, Mg, and K showed high and irregular pattern in favorable condition of influx of blown sand. So these nutrients were related with geomorphic characteristics of foredunes. However, Na was also influenced by other factor such as salt spray. P was independent from effects of sea water and blown sands. In the case of Ca, a large coastal dune system rather than localized forms of foredunes made differences in the variation. Due to differences in spatio-temporal variation of nutrients, patterns of major vegetation could be inferred to appear differently. This study shows geomorphic dynamics of coastal dunes as habitat, and will provide information for coastal dune management and for understanding biological distribution and growth pattern in coastal dune.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2005

This study was conducted to prepare efficient and systematic measures for nature conservation and management in Beomseom Islet, and to provide for basic data to investigate the process of vegetation change in the future. The vegetation of Beomseom Islet was classified to six vegetation type; i.e., Miscanthus sinensis community, Pinus thunbergii community, Iythophyte vegetation, evergreen broad leaf community, shrub community, and Pseudosasa japonica community. The size of each vegetation type was 40,230 $m^2$ ($23.3\%$) for shrub community, 39,366 $m^2$($22.8\%$) for Iythophyte vegetation, 30,012 $m^2$ ($17.4\%$) fur Pinus thunbergii community, 29,853 $m^2$ ($17.3\%$) for Miscanthus sinensis community, 5,564 $m^2$ ($3.2\%$) for evergreen broad leaf community, and 3,325 $m^2$ ($1.9\%$) for Pseudosasa japonica community. The area of non-vegetated sea cliff Bone that composed of bare rocks is 24,246 $m^2$($14.1\%$). We estimated that these distribution patterns of vegetation were the result of various environmental factors such as the steepness of slope and shallowness of soil as well as the cultivation of exotic plants causing disruption of native vegetation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.324-324
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• 2023

수제는 비용 대비 높은 효율을 가지는 수공 구조물로 하천과 해안에 많이 이용된다. 수제는 하천에서 식생물의 서식처, 유량 확보, 하천시설 보호 등의 목적으로 설치되며 해안에서는 해안선보호, 수심 확보 등의 다양한 목적으로 설치된다. 수제는 일반적으로 넓은 영역을 제어할 수 있도록 여러개의 군수제 형태로 설치한다. 수제설치 시 기존 하도나 수로의 흐름에 교란이 일어나는데 본류부에서는 하폭이 좁아져 수제선단부에 의한 영향으로 높은 유속이 발생되며 수제역내에서는 재순환흐름과 함께 다양한 형태의 유속분포가 형성된다. 이러한 수제에 의한 흐름은 수제 선단부의 영향으로 발생하는 흐름분리선(Separation Layer)을 기준으로 흐름중심선(Talweg Line)과 흐름분리영역(Separation area)을 만들어내며 수제역내의 재순환영역에서 완화된 유속은 제방을 침식으로부터 보호하며 식생물의 서식처를 제공한다. 기존의 연구는 대부분 단일수제에 대한 연구가 수행되었으며 연속된 군수제에 대한 연구는 다소 제한된 조건에서 수행되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 연속된 수제가 설치된 경우 수리실험을 통해 수제주변의 흐름 변화 특성을 분석하였다. 수리실험은 30.0m(L')×1.52m(B')×1.10m(H')의 직선 개수로에 050m(l)×0.10m(b)×0.25m(h)의 수제를 수로측면을 따라 연속적으로 배열하여 설치하였다. 실험은 수심, 유량, 수제설치간격을 변화시키면서 수행했으며 마그네틱유속계를 사용해서 수제의 영향을 받지 않으며 벽면의 영향이 가장 적은 수로상류의 중앙지점에서 접근유속을 측정했다. 표면유속을 취득하기 위해 일반디지털카메라로 FHD(1920×1080) 해상도를 가진 영상을 각각의 조건마다 10~20분 촬영했다. 촬영된 영상을 연속된 정지영상으로 변환하고 영상해석 프로그램을 이용하여 표면유속을 도출했다. 표면영상유속계를 활용하여 도출한 결과로 각각 조건에 따라 발생하는 최대유속과 최대역방향유속, 와도(vorticity), 흐름중심선과 단면유속분포의 변화와 발생 위치를 분석했다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2009

To investigate the vegetation structure of the section from Naesosa to Naebyonsan district, thirty plots which Size is $100m^2$ were set up in the Byeonsan Peninsula National Park. According to the classification(TWINSPAN) and ordination(DCA) analysis which were used for community division, the plots are appeared in uncontiguity with each ones. At the end of classification analysis, the community was divided into the four groups of Pinus densiflora(I), Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata(II), Zelkova serrata-Rhamnella frangulioides(III) and Aphanaghe aspera-Rhamnella frangulioides community(IV). Through the results, Pinus densiflora community coast-sided will be going with status quo, but Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community inland-sided will progress toward Q. serrata dominated community. It was turned out that the forest of the Byeonsan Peninsula National Park is about over 40-year-old through tree ring analysis.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.69-69
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• 2002

갯대추(Paliurus ramosissimus (Lour.) Poiret)는 갈매나무과에 속하는 낙엽관목으로 드물게 교목으로 자라며, 우리나라에서는 제주도에만 분포하는 것으로 알려진 희귀식물이다. 이 종의 주요 분포대는 동아시아의 열대 및 아열대로 제주도는 위도 상 북한계로 알려져 환경부 지정 보호식물 제 39호로 지정\ulcorner보호하고 있으나 자생지에 대한 구체적인 조사가 이루어진 바 없다. 따라서 본 연구는 자생지의 현황과 생육상황을 파악하여 자생지 보전에 기여하고자 실시하였다. 갈매나무과는 세계적으로 58속 900여종이 분포하고, 갈매나무속(Genus Rhamnus), 헛개나무속(Genus Hovenia), 대추속(Genus Zyzyphus) 등이 주요 속으로 알려져 있으며, 그 중 갯대추속(Genus Paliurus)은 과실이 건과이고 날개가 있는 특징으로 다른 속과 구별된다. 꽃은 양성화로 7월~9월에 피고, 화서는 수 개의 꽃이 달리는 취산화서, 열매는 반구형으로 과병에 연한 갈색의 복모가 있으며 얕게 3부분으로 갈라져 각 실마다 편평한 공모양의 종자가 1개씩 들어있다. 갯대추 자생지는 제주도의 동부지역인 북제주군 구좌읍 김녕에 1개소, 남부지역인 남제주군 남원읍 태흥에 1개소, 서부지역인 북제주군 한경면 용당에 1개소, 한경면 용수에 1개소, 한경면 신창에 3개소 및 남제주군 대정읍 일과에 2개소 등 총 6지역 9개소였다. 분포지는 해발 20m이하의 해안가 토심이 얕은 암반 위였으며, 주로 해수의 영향을 직접적으로 받는 곳이었다. 생육상황을 조사한 결과 바다 쪽으로 갈수록 수고가 급격히 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 최소 0.3m, 최대 4.5m였고 평균 1.6m 정도였다. 수반종으로는 순비기나무와 갯기름나물, 갯까치수영 등 해안식생의 구성종이 대부분이었으며, 돌가시나무, 상동나무 등도 혼생하는 것으로 조사되었다. 자생지 위협요인으로는 양식장 시설, 도로개발, 해안매립 및 쓰레기 투기 등과 같은 인위적 간섭과 상동나무 등 주변식물의 피압이 주 요인이었다. 한편 갯대추는 희귀식물로서 뿐만 아니라 해류에 의해 전파되는 종으로 알려져 있어 제주도의 식물지리학적 연구에도 좋은 연구대상이 되고 있으므로 종 보전대책 및 자생지 보호에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.342-354
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• 2015

We suggested definition and classification scheme of uninhabited islands in Taeanhaean National Park for efficient management. Islands (seom) and reefs (yeo) were classified based on approximate HHW. Uninhabited islands were categorized into vegetated islands and rocky islands depending on presence of woody vegetation cover for physical geographic and ecological value and importance. Reefs were also divided into an underwater reef and a reef which covers and uncovers based on approximate LLW. We excluded those areas which are not separated from main land by waterbody even though it is in approx. HHW from islands. We considered several divided areas which adjoin geographically and ecologically one another under the condition of approx. LLW as an island. By using above schemes, we categorized 50 uninhabited islands in Taeanhaean National Park into three groups; 24 vegetated islands, 14 rocky islands, and 12 reefs. If the public institutions adopt these schemes as national standards, it will be useful in managing uninhabited islands nationwide.