• Strategy21
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• s.30
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• pp.286-311
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• 2012

한국은 세계 유일의 분단국가로서 대륙으로는 북한과 대치 중에 있으며, 해양으로는 세계 강대국인 중국, 일본, 러시아 등에 의해서 둘러 쌓여 있다. 이러한 안보환경에서 최근 북한은 김정은 후계세습을 위해 천안함 피격사건과 연평도 포격도발 사건을 감행하였으며, 이러한 북한의 도발위협은 김정일 사후 지속되고 있다. 그러나 한국은 북한이라는 현존 위협에 대비함과 동시에 주변국으로 상정할 수 있는 잠재적 위협에도 대비해야 한다. 특히 잠재적 위협의 경우 해상에서 한국과 국가이익이 상충되고 있으며, 이들 모두 한국보다 강한 해군력을 보유하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 최근 들어 해군력을 강화하고 있다. 따라서 최근의 안보정세는 한국해군이 향후 어떠한 해양전략을 추구해야 하는지에 대한 재정립을 요구하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 한국의 잠재적 위협인 러시아와 일본 간에 발생한 러일전쟁을 통해 미래 위협에 대비한 최정예해군(Post modern navy)으로 도약하기 위한 한국해군의 발전방향을 도출하고, 이를 달성하기 위한 4가지 핵심개념을 제시하였다. 구체적으로 이는 최정예해군으로서 해양통제와 거부를 균형적으로 갖추고, 원정작전 수행능력을 보유하며, 해양경찰과 결속력이 있는 유대관계를 형성 및 북한의 비대칭전력에 대한 대응능력을 갖춘 해군이라고 설명할 수 있다. 결국 한국해군은 대륙세력인 북한의 위협에 대비하고 동시에 미래 잠재적 위협에 대비함과 동시에 해양에서의 국가이익을 보호해야 한다고 할 수 있다. 한국은 해양국가이다. 한국은 결코 바다를 포기할 수 없으며, 한국해군이 추구하는 해양전략은 국가의 운명을 결정짓는다고 해도 과언이 아닐 것이다. 이러한 측면에서 본 논문은 향후 한국해군이 어떠한 해양전략을 추구해야 하는지에 대해 하나의 방향을 제시하고 있다.

• Maritime Security
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.115-140
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• 2021

The South China Sea is a significant maritime shipping route with abundant submarine and fishing resources. Over 40,000 ships pass through the South China Sea every year, constituting around 50% of global shipping and 66% of crude oil. In particular, 30% of Korea's import cargo and 90% of energy imports pass through this body of water. The US and China realized the significance of this sea area from early on and are embodying national interest through maritime security at the national strategic level by implementing the 'Indo-Pacific' and 'One Belt One Road' strategies, respectively. Such geopolitical conflicts are manifested in the 'freedom of navigation operations' by the US in the South China Sea. Despite its significance, there is a lack of studies in Korea on the freedom of navigation operations, and most previous studies only focus on analyzing international law and agreements. This article examines the origin and background of the strategic perception of the freedom of navigation operations and derives implications for the peace and security of the Korean Peninsula as the strategic competition between the US and China continues.

• Maritime Security
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-70
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• 2021

This study started from questioning our general view that the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) is a natural result of Japan being a prosperous and island country. Japan's naval power collapsed after World War II. The initial power of the JMSDF, founded in 1954, was very small and not different from the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN), mostly consisting of ships given by or borrowed from the US. Although growing into the world's second-largest economy and the geographical characteristics of an island nation acted as an opportunity to increase naval forces, there were also difficulties in the early stage, such as a temporary severance with the Japanese Navy, strategic thinking centered on land forces, and an economic crisis caused by the oil crisis. As a result, the JMSDF has become a world-class naval power and is developing into a four helicopter carrier operating system, which may change the basic concept of exclusive defense. There are various factors behind the growth of Japan's naval power, but this study explores how to develop Korean naval forces by analyzing how Japan developed their escort fleet, the core of the JMSDF, focusing on the eight (艦)-eight (機) fleet system, which was the basic logic behind building the JMSDF.

• Maritime Security
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.85-112
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• 2022

The maritime blockade has long been used as a means of war in that it serves as a bridge for economic warfare by paralyzing enemy maritime transport, although it is not a decisive battle, and in the Korean War, U.N. forces have achieved significant results in the war with limited maritime blockade through the Clark Line. However, with China emerging as a maritime powers based on its strong naval power, there is a lack of consideration on how to set up a blockade to block maritime activities and how to respond neutral ships or carrying wartime contraband products if war breaks out again on the Korean Peninsula, In addition, since maritime blockade should be used as a sensitive and flexible naval force projection in that it has interests with neutral countries, it should be carefully reviewed in that it can be used only through careful and reasonable judgment considering the principle of ensuring the legality of maritime blockade Therefore, in this study, Reexamine the process of change in the application of the International Law of Blockade, and through this, Derive the basic principle of ensuring the legitimacy of maritime blockade. In addition, by reviewing the application of these basic principles in the waters off the Korean Peninsula at wartime, we presented answers to research questions by reviewing what needs to be done to neutral ships and ships carrying wartime contraband products, and considered the implications for us

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2018

As the Korean navy's capabilities increase, it becomes increasingly necessary to develop sufficient navigational capabilities and train proficient seafarers. However, in terms of securing personnel resources, seafarers will need to be utilized more effectively due to the population decline of recent years. This paper reviews the use of civilian maritime personnel to research potential resources and uses the U.S. military sealift command as a benchmark. As a result, it has been found that it is possible to increase naval combat capability through the establishment of like a military sealift command organization to operate defense civilian support vessels. In addition, it is possible to train civilian seafarers by utilizing the current national education system through existing maritime universities. Furthermore, taking these actions will allow the ROK navy to operate its onboard ship reserve service and designated international ship system more efficiently.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.363-369
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• 2015

This paper describes deployment of a sea based sensor platform for the detection of a submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM). Recently, North Korea successfully conducted the underwater launching test of the SLBM, which will seriously threaten the global security. To defend these threats successfully, a sensor platform of the ballistic missile defense (BMD) should be deployed in the area of high detection probability of the missile. The maximum detection range characteristics of the typical radar sensor system, however, depend on the radar cross section (RCS) and flight trajectories of the target. In this point of view, this work analyzed the flight trajectories based on the tactics and calculated the RCS of the SLBM. In addition, sea based sensor platform position is proposed from the analysis of the detection time.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

The Military Demarcation Line(MDL) divided the two Koreas when armistice agreement was signed in 1953, July 27 but there was no regulation for the sea border. Since then, The North has constantly denied the legitimacy of the sea border, which has remained the inter-Korean maritime border. But the armistice agreement has been virtual maritime demarcation line for the avoidance of hostilities on the Korean Peninsula and maintain and manage the armistice system peacefully. Therefore we should strengthen the Korea's sovereignty over the NLL by tightening the effective control.

• Strategy21
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• s.45
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• pp.60-90
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• 2019

The use of the high seas are supported by the two pillars of customary principles --the freedom of navigation and the flag state control on its vessels, which are codified in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. There have been attempts to limit and retrain the two pillars as maritime regimes are newly created to address new maritime threats, while coastal stares' control over the seas expand. The pillars have been created over thousands years since human beings took to the sea and have served as a foundation to use the oceans peacefully and orderly. Therefore, any retreat or exception from these principles would undermine the fundamental framework for the use of the oceans and eventually these regimes would be subject to control of maritime powers. In conclusion, new maritime regimes such as the sanction measures on North Korea should be enforced within the framework of international law and comply with the fundamental principles such as innocent passage and the freedom of navigation at the high seas.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.311-318
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• 2021

Research has been ongoing to detect ships from offshore photographs for a variety of reasons, including maritime security, identifying international trends, and social scientific research. Due to the development of artificial intelligence, R-CNN models for object detection in photographs and images have emerged, and the performance of object detection has risen dramatically. Ship detection in offshore photographs using the R-CNN model has also begun to apply to satellite photography. However, satellite images project large areas, so various objects such as vehicles, landforms, and buildings are sometimes recognized as ships. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology to improve the performance of ship detection in satellite photographs using R-CNN series models. We separate land and sea via marker-based watershed algorithm and perform morphology operations to specify RoI one more time, then detect vessels using R-CNN family models on specific RoI to reduce typology. Using this method, we could reduce the misdetection rate by 80% compared to using only the Fast R-CNN.

• Maritime Security
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 2023

Recently, with the rapid development of ICT(Information and Communication Technology) and AI(Artificial Intelligence) technology industries, the emergence of MASS(Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship), which were thought only in the distant future, is approaching a reality. Along with the development of these amazing technologies, changes in the private law sector, such as liability, compensation for damages, and maritime insurance, as well as in the public law sector, such as maritime safety, marine environment protection, and maintenance of maritime order, have become necessary in the field of maritime law. In particular, with the advent of a new type of ship called MASS that does not have a crew on board, the kind and type of liability, compensation for damages, and insurance contracts in the event of a marine accident will also change. In this paper, the general theory about concept, classification, effectiveness and future of MASS and the general theory about concept and various obligations and responsibilities under the maritime law for discussion of MASS are reviewed. Next, in addition, regarding the problems that may occur in the event of a marine accident from MASS, the status as a ship, the legal relationship of the chartering contract, obligation to exercise due diligence in making the vessel seaworthiness, subject of responsibility, and liability for damages and immunity are reviewed from the perspective of maritime law. In addition, in the degree four of MASS, the necessities of further research to clarify the attributable subjects and standards of responsibility in the event of a marine accident, as well as the necessities of institutional improvement such as technology development, enactment and amendment of law and funding are presented.