• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.29-43
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• 2016

Pesto were prepared with five different nuts including pine nut, sunflower seed, pumpkin seed, walnut and almond to examine the antioxidant properties(total polyphenols, total flavonoids, electron donating ability) and sensory test(attribute difference, acceptance). Pesto were measured based on color value, pH, viscosity, total cell numbers for 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days at $4^{\circ}C$. The higher total phenol and total flavonoid content of pesto added with various nuts was higher antioxidant capacity. Basil pesto added with sunflower seeds and walnuts were considered to be more functional more than pine nuts addition. The attribute difference test results was the color intensity, nut taste, bitter taste, coarseness, oily taste, thickness were evaluated significant difference kinds of nuts. Gloss, basil flavor, nuts flavor, basil taste were not evaluated significant difference in kind of nuts. The preference test results reveal that the appearance, taste, texture and overall preference level was the highest in PNP(pinenut pesto) and SSP(sunflower seed). L value, pH, decrease while a value, b value and viscosity increased as kind of nuts in during storage. Total cell number increased and then decreased a little at a certain point. When prepared pesto, SSP(sunflower seed) was the highest in antioxidant property, and change of color value, pH, viscosity, total cell number were the lowest. In addition to the use of pine nuts, sunflower seeds have been identified are possible.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.709-717
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• 2008

Rhizofiltration for cesium uptake by sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris var.) was investigated for groundwater contamination. The cesium removal by sunflowers was greater than 98% of the total cesium in solution, and the uptake by beans was also greater than 99% within 24 hours of the rhizofiltration, showing that the rhizofiltration has a great capability to remove cesium from the contaminated water system. Experiments at various pH of solution indicated that a solution of pH $5{\sim}9$ yielded very high cesium accumulation in two plants. From the results of the analysis for cesium accumulation in plant parts, about 80% of cesium transferred into the plant from solution was accumulated in the root part and less than 20% of cesium existed in the shoot part (including leaves). Results suggest that only the roots of the fully grown plant used for rhizofiltration should be disposed or post-treated and thus the cost and time to treat massive amounts of grown plants could be dramatically reduced when sunflower and bean are used in the real field. The results of SEM and EDS analyses indicated that the most of cesium were accumulated in the root surface as a ionic phase rather than a soil precipitation phase.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.202-205
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• 2017

Pink rot appeared in greenhouse-grown sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Jeonju, Korea. The symptoms appeared as brown discoloration of sunflower head and progressed into stem in advanced stage. In order to investigate the causal organism of this disease, we isolated a fungus from the infected seeds and maintained the isolated fungal culture on potato dextrose agar medium. Conidiophores were simple or branched, 62.5 to $123.1{\mu}m$ long. Conidia were produced in basipetal chains, ellipsoidal to pyriform with oblique and prominent truncate basal scars, two-celled, hyaline and measured $10.2-21.4{\times}7.5-12.6{\mu}m$. The fungus was inoculated to a new sunflower plant and showed the typical blight on the leaves. Study of morphological characters, pathogenicity tests and sequence analysis revealed that the isolated fungus is confirmed to be Trichothecium roseum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pink rot on sunflower caused by T. roseum in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1984

For the purpose of investigating whether the administration of sunflower pollen load has any influence upon liver cholesterol metabolism in mouse, lipids were isolated from sunflower pollen load, identified and quantitated by thin-layer and gas liquid chromatographies. We also studied changes in liver cholesterol level in mouse according to the amount and the period of pollen load administration. Lipids of sunflower pollen load were constituted 84.10f of neutral lipid, 10.50% of glycolipid and 5.40% of phospholipid. The main fatty acid contents of neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid were ranged 28.48 to 33.70% of linoleic acid, 12.90 to 47.50% of palmitic acid ana 11.20 to 12.20% of oleic acid, however, phospholipid contained more palmitic acid than the other lipids. The body weight of the Pollen fed mouse significantly increased during experimental Period in comparison with control group. From the fact tat the ratio of liver weight to body weight of pollen fed mouse was smaller than that of control group, it was proved that liver lipid metabolism of pollen fed mouse was more active than that of control group. During early experimental period, liver cholesterol level had been increased according to pollen load administration(P.O), and then the level decreased rapidly to the similar level to that of control group at the end of the period.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

To evaluate agronomic characteristics for the use of biodiesel crop, 328 collections of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) were obtained from Genebank in Rural Development Adminstration (RDA). The necessary days from seeding to emergence of collections were from 7 to 12 days, and the days to flowering were widely distributed from 55 to 86 days. Stem length ranged from 131 to 345 cm with a mean of 259 cm, and the mean maturing days were 35 days. The number of head flower was 1~23 ea per plant, and the mean size of head flower was 17.6 cm with a range from 14.7 to 21.3 cm (72.8%). The mean seed number per head flower was 1,430 ea, and the weight of seed per plant ranged from 23 to 379 g with a mean of 91.4 g. The mean seed length was 11.7 mm with a range from 9.0 to 21.5 mm, and the mean diameter was 6.4 mm. The mean weight of seed per litter, 1000 grain weight and seed weight per plant were 322.5 g, 63.3 g and 204 g, respectively. Variation of number of head per plant was largest and weight of grain per plant was large in next among growth and grain characteristics. At the results of correlation analysis among characteristics, the seed diameter was getting bigger and the days for flowering dates were prolonged in the higher stem length plant, but the days to maturing and growth duration was shortened.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 1975

Despite the extensive study of protein effect to man and domestic animals, protein effect of sunflower seed oil cake to the growth and value of erythrocyte in rats is still remained to be investigated. This study is to investigate the effect of protein of sunflower seed oil cake to the rat growth and value of erythrocyte as well as the liver weight, heart, kidneys and spleen of rats. Sixty to seventy-days-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 50-60g, were used in this experiment and 36 rats allotted to 4 groups: standard, 30% cake, 20% cake and low protein. The standard group was fed for 7 weeks on the ration supplemented with 17% casein, 30% and 20% cake groups with sunflower seed oil cake by 30% and 20%, respectively, and low protein group without any supplementation. To observe value of erythrocyte, blood was taken from heart. Value of erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit value were determined by usual method and oxygen consumption by the method of Watts and Gourley. The result of this experiment suggests that it is recommendable to supplement deficient amino acids in animal.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.213-219
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• 2007

To develop an anti-dementia agent with potential therapeutic value in the protection of neuronal cells, we selected a water extract of Helianthus annuus seed for analysis. We measured acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in the extract, and analyzed the protective effect of the extract on neuronal cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide, or amyloid ${\beta}-peptide$, of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The result showed that the extinct exerted protective effects of 83%, 72% and 53% respectively, on cell death induced by 100M, 200M, and 500M hydrogen peroxide. Also, when 50M of amyloid ${\beta}-peptide$ was added to the cells, the extract showed a protective effect (up to 80%) on cell death. Overall, the results showed that the H. annuus extract inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity in a dose-dependent manner, and the extract also strongly protected against cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide or amyloid ${\beta}-peptide$.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2002

해바라기를 주원료로 한 복합조성물인 해바톤(HYE-BATON, (주) 새벽을여는사람들)의 면역활성 증진효과와 당뇨 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 시험관 내에서 HYEBATON을 첨가하여 먼역세포를 배양한 결과 면역세포가 현저하게 활성화되었다. 생쥐에 HYEBATON을 투여한 결과 세포 매개성 면역반응이 증진되었으며, 암세포 이식 생쥐에서 종양의 생장을 억제시켜 생존기간을 연장시키는 경향을 보였다. 또한, HYEBATON이 혈당과 지질 대사에 미치는 영향을 흰쥐에서 살펴보았다. 쥐를 정상식이군, streptozotocin (STZ) 투여에 의한 당뇨군, 고지방식이군으로 나누어 HYEBATON을 7주간 투여하였다. 경구포도당 내성 검사에서 HYEBATON은 당뇨군의 증가된 공복시 혈당을 감소시켰으며, 경구로 포도당을 투여 시에도 당뇨군의 혈당을 계속 낮게 유지시켰다. HYE-BATON 이 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, HYE-BATON은 정상식이군, 당뇨군, 고지방 식이군의 혈중 및 간의 콜레스테롤과 지질의 양을 유의성 있게 감소시키거나 혹은 감소시키는 영향으 ?보였다. 한편, 시험관내 유전독성시험 및 생지의 급성독성시험에서 HYE-BATON은 안전한 것으로 평가되었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 HYEBATON은 면역활성 증진효과 뿐만아니라 당뇨 쥐의 혈당 및 지질대사 개선효과를 보였으므로, 면역증징 및 당뇨와 지질대사 개선을 위한 기능성 식품으로서 활용이 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.465-468
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• 2002

The galactose/mannose ratio of guar gum, guar gum treated with purified ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and locust bean gum were investigated. Gel-promoting property of enzyme-treated guar gum increased when the galactose/mannose ratio was about 1 : 3.2, which was close to the ratio of 1 : 3.3 for locust bean gum. And the ratio was obtained when the guar gum was hydrolyzed by the enzyme for 24 hr. It is clear that enzymatic depletion of galactose from guar gum by sunflower seed ${\alpha}$-galactosidase would lead to a significant increase in gelation ability. The mixture of xanthan gum and guar gum, and xanthan gum, guar gum and enzyme-treated copra meal were also investigated in viscosity behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.380-389
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• 2020

The conversion characteristics and fuel properties for producing biodiesel (BD) by blending beef-tallow, an animal waste resource with a high-saturated fatty acid content, and sunflower-oil, a vegetable oil with a high-unsaturated fatty acid content, were investigated. For this investigation, the effects of the control factors, such as the oil-blend ratio and methanol-to-oil molar ratio, on the fatty acid methyl ester and BD production yield were also investigated. The kinematic viscosity reduction effects of BD using heating and ultrasonic irradiation were verified, and the optimal temperature of each BD-diesel fuel blend for reducing the kinematic viscosity was derived using the correlation equation. As a result, the optimal conditions for producing blended biodiesel were verified to be TASU7 and a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 10:1. The analysis results of the fuel properties of TASU7 satisfied the BD quality standard; hence, the viability of BD blended with waste tallow as fuel was verified. The experimental results on the kinematic viscosity reduction showed that heating is more effective in reducing the kinematic viscosity because it took less time than ultrasonic irradiation, and the equipment was cheaper and more straightforward than the ultrasonic irradiation method.