• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.165-178
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• 2007

The recent progress in multimedia signal processing and transmission technologies has contributed to the extensive use of multimedia devices to watch sports games with small LCD panel. However, the most of video sequences are captured for normal viewing on standard TV or HDTV, for cost reasons, merely resized and delivered without additional editing. This may give the small-display-viewers uncomfortable experiences in understanding what is happening in a scene. For instance, in a soccer video sequence taken by a long-shot camera techniques, the tiny objects (e.g., soccer ball and players) may not be clearly viewed on the small LCD panel. Moreover, it is also difficult to recognize the contents of the scorebox which contains the elapsed time and scores. This renuires intelligent display technique to provide small-display-viewers with better experience. To this end, one of the key technologies is to determine region of interest (ROI) and display the magnified ROI on the screen, where ROI is a part of the scene that viewers pay more attention to than other regions. Examples include a region surrounding a ball in long-shot and a scorebox located in the comer of each frame. In this paper, we propose a scheme for raising viewing experiences of multimedia mobile device users. Instead of taking generic approaches utilizing visually salient features for extraction of ROI in a scene, we take domain-specific approach to exploit unique attributes of the soccer video. The proposed scheme consists of two modules: ROI determination and scorebox extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme offers useful tools for intelligent video display on multimedia mobile devices.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.637-648
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among smartphone addiction, communication ability, loneliness, and interpersonal relationships in university students in Korea. Between 15 and 31 May 2016, 263 subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of questions on smartphone addiction, communication ability, loneliness, and health of interpersonal relationships. Among smartphone addiction questions there were significant differences between genders (t = 2.350, p = 0.019) and educational grade (F = 3.313, p = 0.021). With regard to human relationship health, the scores for males were significantly higher than those for females (t = 2.337, p = 0.020). The smartphone addiction and human relationship health results were negatively correlated (r = -0.157, p = 0.011). In contrast, communication ability and human relationship health results were positively correlated (r = 0.581, p < 0.001). However, loneliness and human relationship health were not significantly correlated. The final multiple regression model explaining human relationship health included smartphone addiction (t = 2.753, p = 0.006), communication ability (t = 11.714, p < 0.001), and motivation for smartphone purchase (t = 2.125, p = 0.035) as independent factors. The final model explained 36.6% of the total variance. In order to improve university students' human relationship health, solutions for smartphone addiction and low communication skills are required. This results of this study can be used as a basis on which to develop a human relationship health intervention program.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.323-339
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• 2010

The complexity of embedded systems and the effort to develop them has been rising in proportion with their importance. Also, the heterogeneity of the hardware and software parts in embedded systems makes it more challenging to develop. Errors caused by hardware/software interfaces, especially, account for up to 13 percent of failures with an increasing trend. Therefore, verifying the interface between hardware and software in embedded system is one of the most important research areas. However, current approaches such as co-simulation method and model checking have explicit limitations. In this paper, we propose the synthesizable interface co-verification framework for hardware/software co-design. Firstly, we introduce the separate interface specifications for the heterogeneous components to describe hardware design and software design. Our specifications are expressive enough to describe both. We also provide the transformation rules from the software specification to the hardware specification so that the whole system can be described from the software view. Secondly, we address the solution of verifying the interface of the software and hardware design by adopting and extending existing verification-techniques and extending them. In hardware interface verification, we exploit the model checking technique and provide more efficient verification by closing the hardware design from the assumption of the software behavior which is ensured by software verification step. Lastly, we generate the interface codes such as device APIs, device driver, and device controller from the specification so that verified hardware and software codes can be synthesized without extra efforts.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.341-351
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• 2003

Digital image watermarking is the method that can protect the copyright of the image by embedding copyright information, which is called watermark. Watermarking must have robustness to intentional or unintentional data changing, called attack. The conventional watermarking schemes are robust to waveform attacks such as image compression, filtering etc. However, they are vulnerable to geometrical attacks such as rotation, scaling, translation, and cropping. Accordingly, this paper proposes new watermarking scheme that is robust to geometrical attacks by using invariant centroid. Invariant centroid is the gravity center of a central area in a gray scale image that remains unchanged even when the image is attacked by RST including cropping and proposed scheme uses invariant centroids of original and inverted image as the template. To make geometrically invariant domain, template and angle compensated Log -Polar Map(LPM) is used. Then Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT) is performed and the watermark is embedded into the DCT coefficients. Futhermore, to prevent a watermarked image from degrading due to interpolation during coordinate system conversion, only the image of the watermark signal is extracted and added to the original image. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is especially robust to RST attacks including cropping.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.427-439
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• 2006

The SBF (Simple Boundary Follower) is a boundary-following algorithm, and is used mainly for image recognition and presentation. The SBF is very popular because of its simplicity and efficiency in tracing the boundary of an object from an acquired binary image; however, it does have two drawbacks. First, the SBF cannot consistently process inner or inner-outer corners according to the follower's position and direction. Second, the SBF requires movement operations for the non-boundary pixels that are connected to boundary pixels. The MSBF (Modified Simple Boundary Follower) has a diagonal detour step for preventing inner-outer corner inconsistency, but is still inconsistent with inner-corners and still requires extra movement operations on non-boundary pixels. In this paper, we propose the ISBF (Improved Simple Boundary Follower), which solves the inconsistencies and reduces the extra operations. In addition, we have classified the tour maps by paths from a current boundary pixel to the next boundary pixel and have analyzed SBF, MSBF, and ISBF. We have determined that the ISBF has no inconsistency issues and reduces the overall number of operations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.52-59
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• 2010

As electric power demand of customers is constantly increasing, more bulk power systems are needed to install in a network. By development of renewable energies and high-efficient facilities and deregulated electricity market, moreover, the amount of distributed resource is considerably increasing in distribution network consequently. Also, distribution network has become more and more complex as mesh network to improve the distribution system reliability and increase the flexibility and agility of network operation. These changes make fault current increase. Therefore, the fault current will exceed a circuit breaker capacity. In order to solve this problem, replacing breaker, changing operation mode of system and rectifying transformer parameters can be taken into account. The SFCL(Superconducting Fault Current Limiter) is one of the most promising power apparatus. This paper proposes a methodology for on optimal location of SFCL. This place is defined as considering the decrement of fault current by component type and the increment of reliability by customer type according to an location of SFCL in a distribution network connected with DG(Distributed Generation). With case studies on method of determining optimal location for SFCL applied to a radial network and a mesh network respectively, we proved that the proposed method is feasible.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11c
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• pp.2383-2386
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• 2002

많은 ISP업체와 서버 관리자들은 자신의 시스템 향상을 위하여 많을 비용을 쏟아 붇고 있지만 그 결과는 비관적이다. 지금까지는 하드웨어적인 성능만을 고려하였으나, 최근에는 리눅스를 탑재하여 낮은 가격과 높은 가용성을 가지면서, 증가하는 네트워크 요청에 효과적으로 대응하기 위한 해결책으로 여러 대의 호스트로 구성되는 클러스터링 기술이 각광을 받고 있다. 또한 클러스터는 저렴한 호스트들로 구성되므로 구축 비용이 절감되는것 뿐만 아니라, 일부 호스트가 고장 나더라도 다른 호스트는 네트워크 작업 분담을 재설정하여 정상적으로 동작함으로 가용성이 항상 유지될 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 최근 군에서도 정보화 과학화의 열풍에 힘입어 그 어느때보다도 업무의 전산화, 정보화에 박차를 가하고 있는 실정이다. 이로 인한 군업무에 적용되는 중대형 서버의 증가와 1인 1PC정책에 의한 클라이언트의 증가, 네트웍 인프라 구축에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 그러나 사용자의 요구만큼 군환 경하에서의 정보화 업무를 감당하는 서버의 역량은 제한이 있다. 군업무의 특수성에 비추어 볼때에도 사회의 금융업무와 마찬가지로 중단없는 서비스의 수행과 서버의 안정화는 군전산의 가장 중요한 요소중의 하나임에 불구하고 아직까지도 현실성은 많이 미비한 상태이다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위하여 NAS와 SAN개념(네트웍기반)을 도입하여 군 서버 구축 새로운 패러다임을 제공하여 업무의 통폐합과 함께 서버의 통폐합의 전초단계인 무정지 클러스터링 서버의 구축방안을 제시하여 군정보화, 과학화의 초석을 다지는 계기로 삼고자 한다.위상변화에 대한 적응성을 높일 수 있도록 한다. SQL Server 2000 그리고 LSF를 이용하였다. 그리고 구현 환경과 구성요소에 대한 수행 화면을 보였다.ool)을 사용하더라도 단순 다중 쓰레드 모델보다 더 많은 수의 클라이언트를 수용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구팀에서 수행중인 MoIM-Messge서버의 네트워크 모듈로 다중 쓰레드 소켓폴링 모델을 적용하였다.n rate compared with conventional face recognition algorithms. 아니라 실내에서도 발생하고 있었다. 정량한 8개 화합물 각각과 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 스피어만 상관계수는 벤젠을 제외하고는 모두 유의하였다. 이중 톨루엔과 크실렌은 총 휘발성 유기화합물과 좋은 상관성 (톨루엔 0.76, 크실렌, 0.87)을 나타내었다. 이 연구는 톨루엔과 크실렌이 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 좋은 지표를 사용될 있고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌 등 많은 휘발성 유기화합물의 발생원은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에도 있음을 나타내고 있다.>10)의 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 얻었다. 결론: $^{18}O(p,n)^{18}F$ 핵반응을 이용하여 친전자성 방사성동위원소 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 생산하였다. 표적 챔버는 알루미늄으로 제작하였으며 본 연구에서 연구된 $[^{18}F]F_2$가스는 친핵성 치환반응으로 방사성동위원소를 도입하기 어려운 다양한 방사성의 약품개발에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.었으나 움직임

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.103-114
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• 2018

Public-Private-Partnership(PPP) is becoming a popular form of projects in construction industry worldwide. Normally, the management team of PPP project consists of various experts from different disciplines such as construction engineer, bank financier, contract manager, investors, etc. The diversity of team members causes difficulties in managing the team efficiently and furthermore for the smooth execution of the project itself. One of the solutions to this issue might be the application of citizenship behavior by the team members. This study conducts an empirical investigation of the effect of project citizenship behavior on the project performance. We have collected data by using a questionnaire from those with PPP project experiences in the domestic construction industry. The results show that project citizenship behavior has full mediating effects between PM's leadership and the project performance. This study has an academic significance in that it is the first attempt to apply the concept and to show the effect of citizenship behavior in project management discipline, particularly in construction industry, in Korea. We also expect that the project management teams for PPP projects would benefit from the findings of this study.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

Most of the present potential transformers of train vehicles are of the oil-type filled with insulating oil and are susceptible to problems such as explosion due to the increase in the internal pressure during train operation and poor reliability near the end of their life cycle. As a solution to this problem, it is necessary to develop a molded dry-type potential transformer with excellent pressure-resistance performance using insulating resin. In order to localize the product, the Korea Railroad Research Institute has been developing a molded dry-type potential transformer. As part of this research, it is necessary to analyze the vibration characteristics of the developed product and to check the transformer performance in a vibration environment. In this study, a resonance test and simulated long-term life test of the developed product were conducted according to the KS R 9144 and IEC 61373 standards, respectively, which are vibration test methods for railway vehicle parts. Their natural frequencies were analyzed by comparing the results of the numerical modal analysis and resonance test, in order to confirm their adherence to the standards. Also, the performance test after the simulated long-term life test confirmed that the operation of the developed transformer was not problematic even in a long-time vibration environment.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.16-36
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• 2005

The quantity of passenger cars in industrial countries has been significantly increased in recent years. According to prognoses, this tendency is likely to continue in the forthcoming future. As a direct consequence, an increase of End-of Life-Vehicles (ELV) will confront us with the problem of "ELV-Recycling". In order to cope with this situation, the European regulation for the treatment of End-of-Life-Vehicles (09/2000) has been transferred to national law in Germany (ELV-Regulation from 1 July 2002). The long term aim is to reduce residues from the ELV-treatment to less than 5 wt% from 30 wt% within the next 10 years (2015). For that reason, there is a need for innovative and more efficient recycling techniques tailored to future materials in automobiles. The design process at automotive industry is continuously changing due to the strong demand on optional equipment and new technical solutions for fuel saving. Light materials, such as aluminum and plastics, consequently become more important and cause a decrease of ferrous metals. Since plastic materials are often used as compounds, a separation into initial material types by means of mechanical recycling methods is not possible. For that reason, efficient recycling can only be realized by introducing recycling-friendly car designs. In the end an integrated approach of auto makers and recycling industry is of decisive significance for the fulfillment of future regulations.