• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

Several reports indicated that astaxanthin and zeaxanthin have more active anticancer activity than pro-vitamin A carotenes. ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase is a key enzyme to synthesize zeaxanthin and astaxanthin in carotenoids biosynthesis pathway. We isolated the ChyB gene encoding ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase from tomato leaves. The ChyB gene (1.5Kbp) fragment was cloned into the binary vector and designated to pIG121-ChyB-tom. Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration was used for transient assay in Nicotiana benthamiana. Leaf samples were collected 0, 1, 2, 3 days after infiltration (DAI). RT-PCR result showed that the expression of ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase transcripts was not detected in control (0DAI), but its expression was detected after 1 DPI and increased later on. When the activity of ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase was measured, the 1,1-diphenyl-pricryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (27%) at 2 DAI was significantly higher than that (21%) at 0 DAI. These results indicated that anti-oxidant activity dramatically increased at 2 DAI in tobacco leaves was due to over expression of tomato ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase. These results can be the foundation to develop tomato cultivars with high oxy-carotenoids content using the ChyB gene transformation.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.681-687
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• 2007

Biological properties of DongChongXiaCao extracts and culture supernatants were evaluated using DPPH and FRAP (antioxidants), Raw 264.7 (NO production), B16-F1 cells (cell migration activity) and HUVECs (angiogenesis activity). We found that antioxidant activity was higher in mycelium culture supernatants than in mycelial extracts. Mycelial extracts and culture supernatants inhibited or increased cyclooxygenase-2 transcription activity and NO production. Various extracts and culture supernatants inhibited B16 cell migration and motility, and inhibited HUVEC tube formation. These findings indicate that DongChongXiaCao extracts and products of mycelium could be a useful biological resource for anti-oxidant and anti-cancer purposes.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.340-348
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• 2002

Equisetum arvense L. and Lactuca dentata Makino. var. Flaviflora Makino. of samples relatively showed anticancer effects on MCF-7 mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell. The most active plant among the samples was Capsicum annuum L. var angulosum Mill. We studied that MCF-7 cells were changing chromosomal morphology and apoptosis on these samples. Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill. of samples relatively showed good anticancer effects. The cells became vague after 2 days and then destroyed. The supernatant of the cells including medium was measured by UV absorbance. The results showed that Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill also exerted high level. We also used electrophoresis in order to observe apoptic characterization of DNA fragmentation. The cells treated with Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill showed the apoptotic characterization. The chromosome of the cells were observed on those samples. The cells treated with Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill among them were shown the fastest changes. The cells were aggregated and destroyed by treatment with some edible plants. Especially, the case of Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill, it led MCF-7 cell to apoptosis faster than others. And we can observe chromosomal changes and dispersion by PI staining. These results showed that each sample exerted anticancer effects on MCF-7 cells. Especially Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Miff exerted significant anticancer effects.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.240-249
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• 2022

Purpose: Glabridin (GD) is a bio-available isoflavane isolated from the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). It exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. However, extracellular vesicles (EVs) secretion and the anti-cancer mechanism of action remains largely unknown. The present study investigates the anticancer effects of GD by determining the inhibition of EVs secretion in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Methods: Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, migration, invasion rate, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration were assessed in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with increasing concentrations of GD (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20 µM). Subsequently, EV secretion and exosomal DEL-1 protein expression were evaluated to determine the anticancer effects of GD. Results: The results showed that GD significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose- or time-dependent manner. Also, ROS production and apoptosis marker protein cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased in GD-treated MDA-MB-231, compared to control. Furthermore, GD exposure resulted in significantly decreased not only migration and invasion rates but also the VEGF concentration, thereby contributing to a reduction in angiogenesis. Interestingly, the concentration and number of EVs as well as EV marker proteins, such as CD63 and TSG101, were decreased in GD-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Markedly, extracellular matrix protein DEL-1 as angiogenesis factor was decreased in EVs from GD-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: This study identifies that the anti-cancer molecular mechanism of GD is exerted via inhibition of angiogenesis and EVs secretion, indicating the potential of GD as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.198-201
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• 2006

Hyponatremia is a dangerous electrolyte disturbance in patients on chemotherapy and may cause sudden death if not detected early. SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone) is one of the known causes of hyponatremia in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Few chemotherapeutic agents, however, are reported to cause SIADH. The current study reports that SIADH developed in a 55 year old woman on S-1 ($80\;mg/m^{2}$) and cisplatin ($60\;mg/m^{2}$) chemotherapy for the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The patient underwent a total gastrectomy, a splenectomy, and a segmental resection of the transverse colon for gastric cancer. She had used thiazide and ${\beta}-blocker$ to treat hyperiension for 12 years. She admitted to our hospital with complaining of general weakness, dysarthria, loss of appetite, and urinary discomfort. The serum level of sodium and potassium were 94 mEq/L and 2.2 mEq/L respectively. The hyponatremia completely resolved uneventfully after 3% saline infusion, which led to normalized electrolyte balance. The patient was discharged on the 13th hospital day.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1386-1392
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• 2018

Cispatin has become one of the most widely used anticancer drugs for decades. One of the drawback of cisplatin (II) complex is that it not only targets cancerous cells but also normal cells causing several serious side effects in patients. We have synthesized Pt(IV) complex that are needed to have the ability to kill target cells selectively in a short time before drug resistance develops. By introducing PDK inhibitor, butyric acid and valproic acid, on Pt complex, two fusion anti-cancer agents 3 and 4 have been synthesized and characterized their structures by nmr and mass spectrometer. MTT assay was performed with $Pt(IV)-Bu_2$ 3 and $Pt(IV)-Val_2$ 4 against MCF-7 cell line. As a result, cisplatin, Pt(IV) complexes 3 and 4 were treated, cell viabilities at $50{\mu}M$ cencentration were decreased to 39%, 54% and 84% respectively.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2015

We report a case of a 55-year-old man who diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), with A review of the literature. A 55-year old man was transferred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment after being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma through endoscopic biopsy during a regular health examination. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed AGC, stage IIA (T3N3M0), while an endoscopic examination showed AGC, Borrmann type 2. The patient is currently under observation after undergoing radical subtotal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy and subsequent administration of oral chemotherapeutic agents. As an abdominal CT response assessment performed after surgery revealed new metastasis to the liver, the patient received palliative chemotherapy as progressive disease was suspected. After receiving chemotherapy in the order of FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil (5-FU)) + Leucovorin + Oxaliplatin), FOLFIRI (5-FU + Leucovorin + Irinotecan), EAP-II (Etoposide + Doxorubicin + Cisplatin), ELF (Etoposide + Leucovorin + 5-FU), TS-1 (Tegafur + Gimeracil) + Cisplatin, an abdominal CT response assessment showed progressive disease for which the regimen was altered to PFL (Paclitaxel + 5-FU + Leucovorin). The patient has currently completed his second cycle of chemotherapy and after an abdominal CT response assessment, further course of therapy will be decided.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.552-559
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• 2009

In this study, the anticancer activity of the water extract at $100^{\circ}C$ was compared to that of the callus extracts via a ultrasonification extraction process. All the extracts were utilized to evaluate cytotoxicity, antioxidant and immune activities. The callus extracted via ultrasonification extraction showed relatively low cytotoxicity on normal human cell lines, HEK293 and HEL299, showing 13.17% and 21.78%, respectively. The callus extract has 59.82% which was similar to 61.70% for water extracts. It was also found that callus extract yielded higher nitric oxide secretion form macrophage than other extracts. The growths of both human stomach adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell and human lung carcinoma (A549) were inhibited up to 70% by adding 1.0 mg/mL of the callus extracts with ultrasonification extraction. This inhibition ratio (70%) was almost close to that of water extract. Human hepatoma carcinoma (HEP3B) cell growth was most significantly inhibited up to 75% by adding 1.0 mg/mL of callus extracts, and its selectivity was highest compared to other extracts. It indicates that the callus extracts could selectively inhibit growth of digestive system-related cancer cells. It can be also concluded from the results of this study that the callus extracts associated with ultrasonification extraction process have the potential for anticancer activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.418-427
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• 2003

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is the mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 $\omega$6), which is found abundantly in dairy products and meats. This study was peformed to investigate the anticarcinogenic effect of CLA in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cell were treated with LA and CLA at the various concentrations of 15, 30, 60, 120 UM each. After incubation for 48 and 72 hours, cell proliferation, fatty acids incorporation into cell, peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured. Postaglandin E$_2$ (PGE$_2$) and thromboxane $A_2$ (TXA$_2$) were measured for the eicosanoids metabolism. There was no cell growth differences in both of LA and CLA treated MCF-7 cells at 48 hr incubation. Compared to LA, cell growth was decreased by CLA treatment according to increasing concentration at longer incubation times, respectively (p<0.05). Both of LA and CLA was incorporated into the cellular lipids 22~54% higher than in control but LA incorporation was not so linear as CLA according to concentration. Arachidonic acid (C20:4, $\omega$6) was synthesized after treatment of LA but did not in CLA, respectively. The lipid peroxide concentration in LA 120 $\mu$M group increased as 1.7 times as that in CLA 120 $\mu$M treated. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were increased by the supplementation with CLA 120 $\mu$M at 72 hr incubation (p<0.001) compared to LA, otherwise activity of superoxide dismutase was not different in both. PGE$_2$ and TXA$_2$ levels were lower in condition of CLA treatments according to lower levels of arachidonic acids than those in LA treated group, respectively. Overall, the dietary CLA might change the MCF-7 cell growth by the changes of cell composition, production of lipid peroxide, activities of antioxidant enzymes and eicosanoid synthesis compared to dietary LA.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 2004

목적 : 이 연구는 항암제를 투여받는 여성암환자에서 발반사마사지가 스트레스반응(활력징후, 코티졸)과 면역반응에 미치는 효과를 평가하기 위함이다. 방법 : 11명의 여성암 환자를 임의로 표출한 후 단일군 전후실험설계로 진행하였다. 종속변수는 스트레스 반응으로 활력징후(수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압, 맥박수, 호흡수)와 혈중 코티졸, 면역반응으로 림프구 아군(CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19)과 자연살세포(NK cells)이며, 독립변수는 발반사마사지이었다. 중재 전후 종속변수의 변화를 보기 위해 Wilcoxon signed rank test를 실시하였다. 결과 : 중재 전에 비해 중재 후 수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압, 맥박수, 혈중 코티졸치, CD4와 CD19는 유의한 변화를 보였으나 호흡수, CD3, CD8, 그리고 자연살세포는 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 이러한 연구결과는 발반사마사지가 항암화학요법을 받는 여성암 환자의 스트레스 호르몬과 면역관련세포에 영향을 보였지만 표본수가 작고 중재가 1회에 그쳤기 때문에 이러한 단점을 보완한 추후연구를 통해 발반사마사지의 효과를 좀더 잘 규명할 수 있을 것이다.