• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 1996

The effects of Al addition to Fe-B-Nb-Cu alloy for improving the high-frequency magnetic properties and the magnetic properties of ultrathin $Fe_{78}Al_{4}Nb_{5}B_{12}Cu_{1}$ nanocrystalline alloy ribbons with the thickness less than $10\;\mu\textrm{m}$ were investigated. It was found that the effective permeability at frequencies over- 100 kHz was very high and the core loss was very low for the composition $Fe_{78}Al_{4}Nb_{5}B_{12}Cu_{1}$ alloy. Moreover, the reduction of the ribbon thickness below $10\;\mu\textrm{m}$ was very effective in improving their permeability and the core loss characteristics up to the MHz frequency range. The values of effective permeability at 1 MHz and core loss at 0.2 T, 1 MHz were 5,000 and 1.4 kW/kg, respectively. It was considered that these results were due to far refined $\alpha-Fe$ phase structure with grain size less than 10 nm and domain structure modification.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.218-224
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• 1996

The magnetic properties and crystallization behaviors of $Fe_{83-x}Al_{x}Nb_{5}B_{12}(X=1~5at%)$ alloys were investigated. The $Fe_{80}Al_{3}Nb_{5}B_{12}$ alloy was developed a very good soft magnetic material with ultra-fine grain structure in Fe-Al-Nb-B system alloys. When 1 at% of Cu was added in Fe-Al-Nb-B alloy, the soft magnetic properties were found to improve significantly through the reduction of the grain size upto about 6~7 nm at $450^{\circ}C$. The magnetic properties of the $Fe_{79}Al_{3}Nb_{5}B_{12}Cu_{1}$ alloy were as follows : ${\mu}_{eff}(1\;kHz)=26,000,\;B_{10}=1.45\;T,\;H_{c}=25\;mOe,\;P_{c}(100\;kHz,\;0.2\;T)=55\;W/kg$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.174-174
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• 1999

Pt(001)의 깨끗한 표면은 재배열된 (5x20) 또는 (nxn) 구조를 갖는다. 이러한 재배열된 구조는 소？의 가스를 흡착에 대해서도 (1x1)구조로 다시 재배열되는 재배열인 쉽게 풀리는 준안정적 재배열 구조를 갖는 표면이다. Pt(100) 표면 위에 Ni과 같은 금속을 흡착시키는 경우도 동일하게 표면의 장력을 해소시켜 (1x1) 표면을 만든다. Pt와 Ni과 같은 덩어리 상태에서 Pt와 Ni가 질서있게 교차되어 배열되는 합금이 쉽게 이루어지는 물질들로 잘 알려져 있고, 이 합금은 Pt나 Ni와 동일한 규칙적인 fcc 구조를 갖는다. 따라서 Pt(100) 표면 위에 Ni를 흡착시키는 것은 Nm/Cu(100)과 같은 표면합금이나 Mn/Ag(1000에서 보이는 2층으로 된 표면 합금과 같은 표면 근방에 국한된 질서있는 표면 합금의 가능성이 있다. 또한 Ni/Pt(100)은 Ni과 Pt가 3대 1의 비로 조합될 때 나타나는 Ni3Pt의 층별구조인 표면에 Ni가 채워져 있고, 다음 층에 Ni와 Pt가 50%씩 질서 있게 섞여 있는 형태의 구조 즉 표면 밑 합금이 나타날 수 있는 가능성이 있는 물질계라는 점에서 관심을 갖게 한다. 본 연구는 LEED를 이용하여 Ni/Pt(100) 박막의 층별구조를 확인하고자 한다. PtNi 합금은 ATA(average t-matirx approximation)을 이용한 LEED 분석이 잘 적용되는 물질계로 알려져 있고, 본 연구는 ATA를 적용한 LEED I/V 분석을 통하여 Ni가 성장된 Pt(100) 표면의층별 농도비와 층별 구조를 구하고자 한다. 실험은 기본 압력이 3x10-11torr인 챔버에서 이루어졌으며, 증착시 압력은 5x10 torr이고, 증착은 열증발 방법을 이용하였다. Ni가 증착됨에 따라 (nxn) 재배열 표면에 기인한 extra spot들의 세기는 점차 감소하고 특정 증착량 이상에서부터 이 (nxn)의 spot들이 사라지고 깨끗한 (1x1) 패턴이 나타난다. 계속되는 증착량의 증가에 대해서도 이 (1x1) 형태는 유지되며, 표면의 질서에 따르는 c(2x20 패턴은 보이지 않았다. (1x1) LEED spot를 보임에도 불구하고 덩어리 절단 형태의 구조를 기반으로 한 LEED I/V 분석으로는 잘 맞출수 없었다. 이것은 Ni가 일정 이상 흡착된 경우 그 구조가 덩어리 절단 형태의 fcc(100) 구조와 벗어난 구조를 가지는 것으로 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.79-79
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• 2018

마그네슘은 나트륨, 알루미늄과 함께 지구상에서 가장 풍부한 금속 중 하나로서 밀도가 약 $1.74g/cm^3$으로서 구조용 금속재료 중 가장 가볍고 우수한 비강도를 지니고 있으며, 우수한 열전도도, 전기전도도, 전자파 차폐능을 지닌다. 최근 마그네슘 및 그 합금은 항공기, 자동차, 전자제품, 기계류 및 생활용품 등에 쓰이고 있으며, 사용량 및 적용범위가 매년 급격히 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 마그네슘합금은 매우 낮은 표준 환원전위와 치밀하지 못한 표면 산화막으로 인하여 부식에 대한 저항성이 매우 취약하다는 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 마그네슘합금의 표면처리 가운데 부식에 대한 저항성을 보완할 수 있는 방법은 활발한 마그네슘합금의 응용에 필수적이다. 이러한 마그네슘합금의 내식성을 향상시키고자 전기화학적 플라즈마 전해 산화처리 (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation)를 하게 되는데, 아노다이징, 화성피막처리 등 과 같은 기존의 산업적 표면처리 방안으로는 불가능한 수준의 표면경도를 확보할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 두꺼운 산화피막 형성을 통해 이들 합금이 가진 기본적 취약점인 내식성 문제를 보완할 수 있는 장점이 있지만, 다공성 산화피막 형성만으로 기대할 수 있는 내식성 향상 효과가 매우 크지는 못하다. 따라서 다공성의 양극산화피막의 단점, 즉 다공성 물질로 부식성 물질의 이동을 허용할 수 있는 공간을 가지는 구조를 개선시킬 수 있는 추가적인 처리를 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 발수성 표면처리를 이용하여 다공성 구조물의 표면이 물에 대한 저항성을 가지도록 함으로써 초발수성 표면을 구현하고자 하였다. 이러한 방법은 기존의 후처리 방법인 봉공처리로는 얻을 수 없었던 다공성 구조물로의 부식성 물질의 침투를 억제할 수 있었으며, 상당한 수준의 내식성 향상 효과를 보여주었다. 또한 물에 대한 반발성은 표면에 물의 이동성을 높이는 효과를 보여주며 이로 인하여 자기세척 효과도 보여주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 1995

The effects of Nb and Cu additives as will as substitutional Co into $Nd_{4}Fe_{85.5}B_{10.5}$ melt-spun alloy were studied aiming for finding a $\alpha$-Fe based Nd-Fe-B composite alloys with high energy product. The addition of Nb and Cu to $Nd_{4}Fe_{85.5}B_{10.5}$ decreased the average grain size and increased the coercivity up to 207kA/m(2.6kOe), Further-more, the substitution of Co for Fe in $Nd_{4}Fe_{82}B_{10}Nb_{3}Cu_{1}$ alloy resulted in the decrease of the average grain size (<20nm) and improved the hard magnetic properties. The remanence, coercivity and energy product of optimally annealed $Nd_{4}Fe_{74}Co_{8}B_{10}Nb_{3}Cu_{1}$ alloy were 1.345, 219kA/m(2.75kOe) and $95.5kJ/m^{3}$(12MGOe), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.129-134
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• 2017

Bulk-type body-centered-tetragonal Fe-Co alloy was synthesised by utilising a conventional alloy preparation technologies, such as melting, solidification, and homogenising treatments, and its magnetic properties were investigated. In the $(Fe_{100-x}Co_x)_{1-y}C_y$ alloy, the composition range, from which single phase body-centered-tetragonal alloy (martensite phase) was obtained, was severely limited: Co content x = 2.5, and C content y = 0.062. Tetragonality(c/a) of the synthesised body-centered-tetragonal $(Fe_{97.5}Co_{2.5})_{0.938}C_{0.062}$ alloy was 1.05. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant ($K_1$) of the body-centered-tetragonal $(Fe_{97.5}Co_{2.5})_{0.938}C_{0.062}$ alloy was measured to be $9.8{\times}10^5J/m^3$), which was 3.1 time as high as the pure iron (${\alpha}-Fe$).

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.1123-1128
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of Sn on the recrystallization of Zr-based alloys. Zr-xSn (x=0.5, 0.8, 1.5, 2.0wt.%) alloys were manufactured to be the sheets through the defined manufacturing procedure. The specimens were annealed at $300^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. The hardness, microstructure and precipitate of the alloys with the annealing temperature were investigated by using micro- knoop hardness tester, optical microscope(O/M) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), respectively. The cold-worked Zr-xSn alloys showed the typical behavior of the recovery. recrystallization, and grain growth. The recrystallization of Zr-xSn alloys occurred between $500^{\circ}C$ and $700^{\circ}C$. As the Sn content increased. the recrystallization temperature of the cold-worked alloys increased but their grain sizes after recrystallization decreased. It is suggested that the recrystallization of the cold- worked Zr alloys be occurred by the subgrain coalescence and growth mechanism.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 1999

Recently the Ni/MH secondary battery has been studied extensively to achieve higher energy density, longer cycle life and faster charging-discharging rate etc. In this work, the electrode properties of $(LM)Ni_{4.49}Co_{0.1}Mn_{0.205}Al_{0.205}$ alloy and $Ti_{0.6}Zr_{0.4}V_{0.6}Ni_{1.4}$ alloy with addition of Pd were investigated. These alloys did not show any change in XRD pattern by Pd addition. As Pd was added as alloy element, the activation behavior was not affected significantly in both $AB_2$ type and $AB_5$ type electrodes and, On charging and discharging in high current density, Discharge capacity with increasing of Pd content was more decreased. But cycle life was showed increasing. Especially the electrode of $Ti_{0.6}Zr_{0.4}V_{0.6}Ni_{1.4}+0.5wt%$ Pd alloy was not almost decreased discharge capacity for 400cycles.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 1999

The effect of the composition and the heat treatment on the magnetic and magnetoresistance properties in AgCo alloy films and Fe/AgCo/Fe trilayers prepared by the co-evaporation method were studied. As the alloy film thickness decreases, especially below 50 nm thick, the magnetoresistance decreases and the saturation field increases significantly. The change of the Co content, heat treatment, and deposition of the Fe under/over-layer were effective to prevent the reduction of the and the increasing of the saturation field. For 40 at.%Co sandwiches, the minimum saturation field was obtained in the 20 nm alloy film with 30nm Fe under-over layer annealed at 300 $^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. Its saturation field and the MR ratio were 1.01 kOe 5.16% respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.261-269
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• 1998

Induced anisotropy with the energy of $6{\times}10^4\; J/m^3$ is obtained in amorphous Sm-Fe based thin films which are fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering under a magnetic field of 500~600 Oe. Compared with conventional thin films, the anisotropic thin films exhibit a similar "saturation" magnetostriction, but show a very large anisotropy in magnetorstiction which is of significant practical importance due to increased strain at a particular direction. It is shown from a systematic investigation over a wide composition range for binary Sm-Fe alloys that anisotropy is also induced, though small, during a normal sputtering procedure due to the stray field, and the largest anisotropy is observed in the composition range of 25~30 at.% Sm. Furthermore, induced anisotropy is also found to be formed by magnetic annealing, but the anisotropy energy is much smaller than that by magnetic sputtering. This may be because the volume diffusion by which atoms move during magnetic annealing to from induced anisotropy is much slower than the surface diffusion which is expected to be a dominant factor during magnetic sputtering.puttering.