• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.499-508
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• 2022

A lot of research has been carried out on the Hangeul generation model using deep learning, and recently, research is being carried out how to minimize the number of characters input to generate one set of Hangul (Few-Shot Learning). In this paper, we propose a CKFont2 model using only 14 letters by analyzing and improving the CKFont (hereafter CKFont1) model using 28 letters. The CKFont2 model improves the performance of the CKFont1 model as a model that generates all Hangul using only 14 characters including 24 components (14 consonants and 10 vowels), where the CKFont1 model generates all Hangul by extracting 51 Hangul components from 28 characters. It uses the minimum number of characters for currently known models. From the basic consonants/vowels of Hangul, 27 components such as 5 double consonants, 11/11 compound consonants/vowels respectively are learned by deep learning and generated, and the generated 27 components are combined with 24 basic consonants/vowels. All Hangul characters are automatically generated from the combined 51 components. The superiority of the performance was verified by comparative analysis with results of the zi2zi, CKFont1, and MX-Font model. It is an efficient and effective model that has a simple structure and saves time and resources, and can be extended to Chinese, Thai, and Japanese.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.5
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• pp.391-400
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• 2007

An interactive Hangul input method using the numeric phone keypad, which is applicable for mobile devices is introduced. In the proposed method, user only selects the corresponding keys by single tapping, for the alphabet of Korean letter which is desired to enter. The interface generates the subset of eligible letters for the key sequence, then the user selects the desired letter in the set. Such an interactive approach transforms the text entry interface into a multi-level interactive letter-oriented style, from the preexisting passive and single-level alphabet-oriented interface. The annoyance of key-operations, the major disadvantage of the previous methods, derived from multi-tap to clear the ambiguity of multi-assigned alphabets for the Hangul automata, can be eliminated permanently, while the additional letter selection procedure to finalize the desired letter is essential. Also the complexity of Hangul text entry is reduced since all letters can be compounded from basic alphabet selection of the writing sequence order. The advantage and disadvantage of the proposed method are analyzed through comparing with pre-existing method by experiments.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.181-188
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• 1998

In order to examine the legibility of the Hangul letters which is a syllabic, the three kind of visual charts were made of the ninety eight($14{\times}7$) Hangul Gothic type letters by the laser printer. These Hangul letters were constructed with the 13 consonant letters which are 'ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ', and the 6 vowel letters which are 'ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅡ, ㅣ'. The two examination methods were used, One is the discriminating the letters on the visual chart by men having 1.5 visual acuity. The other is the using the laser printer's resolution. Obtained data by these examination methods are the minimum readable size values of the letters and the maximum readable distance values from the reader to the objects. From these data the relative legibility of the Hangul letters were calculated, where the letter ㄱ was chosen for the standard. This resultant data were analyzed. In this result, the mean legibility of these Hangul letters descended in the order of 'ㄱ, ㄴ, ㅅ, ㄷ, ㅈ, ㅇ, ㅁ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ' Which are the consonant letters being in these letters. And the mean legibility descended in 'ㅣ, ㅡ, ㅏ, ㅗ, ㅓ, ㅜ' order. The mean legibility is dependent on used consonant letter more then on used vowel.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.951-959
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• 2017

In this paper, we design and implement an Android-based Hangul food menu recognition application that recognizes characters from images captured by a smart phone. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is divided into preprocessing, recognition and post-processing. In the preprocessing process, the characters are extracted using Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER). In recognition process, Tesseract-OCR, a free OCR engine, is used to recognize characters. In the post-processing process, the wrong result is corrected by using the dictionary DB for the food menu. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, experiments were conducted to compare the recognition performance using the actual menu plate as the DB. The recognition rate measurement experiment with OCR Instantly Free, Text Scanner and Text Fairy, which is a character recognizing application in Google Play Store, was conducted. The experimental results show that the proposed method shows an average recognition rate of 14.1% higher than other techniques.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14
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• pp.321-333
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• 1996

The typeface of the Shhnch 'ongjon woodblocks is unsophisticated and old-fashioned while at the same time having a tidiness and strength that give it its special appeal. This is the typeface used in publishing novPls for sale to the common people during the latter half of the Choson Dynasty_ Their demands could not be satisfied with most currently available literature. which was intended to suit the tastes of the official class. As a result of a development to overcome the unbalanced use of space characteristic of letterforms that followed the geometric principles of early Hangul. the typeface followed the refined. feminine "hrushstroke" style of kungch 'e. establishing itself as a "rough" face displaying the characteristics of carved. woodblock printing in answer to the needs of the common p-eople who had the greatest need of Hangul during the time of its f1owering. The Shhnch 'ongjon face is characterized by thin horizontal strokes. thick vertical strokes. and the appearance of being condensed left to right. They possess simple yet varied form. With these characteristics the Shimch' ongjon typeface. if revived and compared to other typefaces. has a beauty of structure and composition and a unique. modern lmage with excellent readability. giving it great significance for modern r langul typography.r langul typography.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2001

Hangout is already recognized as a world famous writing system. However, the typefaces that may show the excellence of Hangeul lack the systemic development, and their frequent change without independence rather causes an obstruction to the development of visual culture and informational systematization of the country. In this paper, I presume that the core of this obstruction is caused by a lack of successful inheritance of the creation philosophy and principle of Hangeul. In order to prove this premise definitively, I saw Hangul from the viewpoint of design, and suggested the base and objectivity to solve the problem by systematically define the excellence of Hangeul. In this paper, 1 confirmed that the creation philosophy and principle of Hangeul had the design philosophy that was appropriate for social and cultural background of that time, and went through rational design process. Therefore, as I mentioned earlier, the due for the problem with Hangeul typefaces can be found when it is handled based on the creation philosophy and principle. Furthermore, the creation of Hangeul can be explained as a creation of rational and scientific letter as a method of easier communication between different people and nations. Therefore, the study of the design method and principle used in the process of Hangul creation may provide the new base for the methodology of visual communication design, and it may be a core research subject to find the root of Korean design philosophy.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.140-146
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• 2006

한글은 자음과 모음이 한눈에 구분되는 세계 유일의 표음문자이다. 14 개의 자음과 10 개의 모음을 조합하여 글자를 만들어 내는 한글의 문자 구성원리의 우수성은 이미 세계가 인정하고 있으며, 영국 리스대학의 Geoffrey Sampson 음성언어학 교수는 물리적, 철학적 원리를 문자화한 한글을 새로운 차원의 Feature System 으로 분류하기도 하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 한글의 그 형상학적 생성원리를 바탕으로 이동통신 단말기의 문자입력 시스템의 사용성 증대를 위한 인터페이스 디자인에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 한글의 Feature System 을 응용한 이동통신 단말기의 새로운 문자입력 시스템의 인터페이스를 개발하고, 이를 기존의 이동통신 단말기를 위한 문자입력 방식과 비교 검증하여 그 사용성을 검증하고자 한다.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.34-36
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• 1992

여러 개의 문자(혹은 여러 개의 자소로 구성된 한개의 문자)를 인식할때에는 문자(혹은 자소) 상호간에 영향을 미쳐서 오인식이 발생할 가능성이 높다. 개개의 숫자인식에 기초한 숫자열 인식이나, 개개의 자소인식을 바탕으로한 필기체 한글인식이 그 좋은 보기일 것이다. 예를 들어 단순한 한글 '그'를 Neocognitron으로 인식한다고 생각해 보자, 조합 가능한 글자를 모두 기억시키려면 방대한 규모의 회로가 필요하므로 현실적으로 불가능하다. 따라서 기본 자소(자음 14개, 모음 10개)를 인식하도록 학습시키고 이를 바탕으로 한글을 인식하는 것이 효율적이다. 이때, 회로의 각 세포가 보는 receptive field가 유한하여 '?'의 끝 세로부분 'I'가 '?'에 영향을 미쳐서 '?'로 인식된다 즉, 자소간의 섭동에 의해 '그'가 '고'로 인식되는 것이다. 이와같은 예는 '니'가 '넉'으로, '41'이 '4H'로 인식되는 등 매우 많지만 그 해결에 대한 연구는 거의 없다. 이 논문에서는 필기체 한글 자소를 인식하는 Necognitron외에 자소간의 섭동현상을 제거하기 위한 high-level constraint 회로를 Lotka-Volterra동역학에 기초하여 설계하였다. 이로써 off-line필기체 한글인식을 보다 효과적으로 할 수 있음을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션으로 보인다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

As the digital technology has improved, the numbers of Hangul font users have increased and their individual needs and taste are diversified. Therefore new and various Hangul fonts out of traditional form are developed and used. But under the present font classification system, it is hard to compare and analyze these various fonts. And the present classification system is hard to be the font user's guide for proper use of various Hangul fonts. For the better use of Hangul font, to diversify the font classification system is needed. So we propose the development of these thru classification standards. First, structural classification based on the structural character of Hangul. Second, image classification based on the visual images of each font. And third, usage classification based on the fonts proper usage in various media. For the development of various typographically balanced fonts and for the suitable and effective use of the various font, we must try to build the font classification system based on the diversified classification standards and build Hangul font database based on this classification system. Through these studies, we can expect the development of good quality fonts and the better use of these fonts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.13-14
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• 2019

욕설은 게임 내 가장 큰 불쾌 요소 중 하나이다. 지금까지 게임 사용자들의 욕설을 방지하기 위해서 금칙어를 기반으로 필터링 해왔으나, 한국어 특성상 단어를 변형하거나 중간에 숫자를 넣는 등 우회할 방법이 다양하기 때문에 효과적이지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실제 온라인 게임 'Archeage'에서 수집된 채팅 데이터를 기반으로 딥러닝 기법 중 하나인 콘볼루션 신경망을 사용하여 욕설을 탐지하는 모델을 구축하였다. 한글의 자음, 모음을 분리하여 실험하였을 때, 87%라는 정확도를 얻었다. 한 글자씩 분리한 경우, 조금 더 좋은 정확도를 얻었으나, 사전의 수가 자소를 분리한 경우보다 10배 이상 늘어난 것을 고려해보면 자소를 분리한 것이 더 효율적이다.