• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

Even after applying an image registration, Very High Resolution (VHR) multi-temporal images acquired from different optical satellite sensors such as IKONOS, QuickBird, and Kompsat-2 show a local misalignment due to dissimilarities in sensor properties and acquisition conditions. As the local misalignment, also referred to as Registration Noise (RN), is likely to have a negative impact on multi-temporal information extraction, detecting and reducing the RN can improve the multi-temporal image processing performance. In this paper, an approach to fine registration between VHR multi-temporal images by considering local distribution of RN is proposed. Since the dominant RN mainly exists along boundaries of objects, we use edge information in high frequency regions to identify it. In order to validate the proposed approach, datasets are built from VHR multi-temporal images acquired by optical satellite sensors. Both qualitative and quantitative assessments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed RN-based fine registration approach compared to the manual registration.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

It's a very meaningful experimental study to image restoration of ancient villages vanished at the real life spatial world. Focused on Cheung-Pyung Lake around where most part were flooded by the Chung-Ju large dam founded in early 1980s, we used remote sensing technique in this study in order to restore topographical features before the flood with 3 dimensional effects. It was gathered comparatively good satellite photos and remotely sensed digital images, then its made a new color image from these and the topographical map which had been made before filled water. This task was putting together two kinds of different timed images. And then, we generated DEM(digital elevation model) including the outskirts of that area as harmonizing current contour lines with the map. That could be a perfect 3D image of Cheung-Pyung around before when it had been flood by making perspective images from all directions, north, south, east and west, for showing there in three dimensions. Also, flying simulation we made for close visiting can bring us to experience their real space at that time.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

This studied area is divided into the mountains and the valleys. The former is nearly consisted of the badland, the latter is consisted of alluvial plains in the valley, fluvial terrace at the side of the river, alluvial fans between mountains and river terrace. There are many tors, mushroom rocks, sugarloaves, weathering pits, castle coppies, columnar rocks, pinnacles, balanced rocks carved on tuff by means of erosion in the Chiricahua Nat'l Monument. Willcox Playa is alkalic crust where was lake in pleistocene epoch at the time wetter than present. Alkalic crust was made of Ca, Na, K etc. There are sand dunes around here where was lake side in the past. We found many kinds of fossils at the 2,000ft thick horizons of valley alluvium. Pediment and alluvium bordered at the base of Mt. Dragoon wavily. Exfoliation and spalling and sheeting resulted in boulders around here. Tucson is alluvial plain filled in thick 7,0000ft valley. Volcano, fault, erosion, alluvium were and are processing in this area.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2012

The geomorphic properties of potholes at Naerin River, Inje-gun are analyzed to discover the geosites of DMZ geopark in Gangwon-do. The furrow-type potholes along the river flow are mainly found in the P1 and P2 sites. The P3 site can be divided in to the zones where the furrow-type potholes densely distribute and various types of potholes are scattered, while the various types of small potholes are scattered in the P4 site. After measuring the 44 potholes, the potholes with a U-shaped cross-section, similar directivity with river flow and deposited gravels with in them show large values in length, width, depth and slope. Because the P1 and P2 sites are characteristic in the scales and forms of potholes and show beautiful scapes, it can be suggested that they are suitable for the geosite developments.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.109-118
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to clarify the optimum locational environment of Neolithic Age and Bronze Age dwelling sites in Yeongjong-do, Incheon in terms of geographical characteristics. To make this possible, the micro-landform location environment of individual dwelling sites has been analyzed targeting 145 dwelling sites of Neolithic Age and 47 dwelling sites of Bronze Age in which quantitative analysis is possible among the dwelling sites verified in the investigation area until now. As a result, the micro-landform of hills where Neolithic Age and Bronze Age dwelling sites are crowded the most has been determined as the upper side hollow (64 dwelling sites, 44.1%) and the crest slope (39 dwelling sites, 83%), respectively. This means that the optimum locational environment of dwelling sites has been changed as the times have progressed from Neolithic Age to Bronze Age in the investigation area and the location of micro-landform of hills also where dwelling sites are located also has relatively moved up a little seen in terms of geographical perspective.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.97-108
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• 2012

During the last few decades, the ever-increasing knowledge of coastal morphogenic processes has made marine terraces the most recognizable, widespread and scientifically reliable records to determine both qualitatively and quantitatively the vertical movements that have affected the tectonically active coastal regions during the Quaternary. This study first aims to address the marine terrace records from Suje-ri to Suryum-ri along the coast of Gyeongju, SE Korea. Eight distinct flights of terraces, including HH YC, elevated up to 160 m above present sea level have been mapped along the coast of the study areas, and are designated $L_{II}$ to HH YC from the youngest to oldest. Based on the elevation of paleo-shoreline and inferred formation age for HH YC uplift rate since the middle Pleistocene has been estimated at 0.23 mm/year. Establishing the nature and timing of the uplift history derived from marine terraces provide a better understanding of neotectonic framework for explain enigmatic, complex landscape evolution in the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.105-118
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• 2017

The debris slope landforms which are existent in Korean mountains is generally on the steep slopes and mostly covered by vegetation, it is difficult to investigate the landform. Therefore a scientific method is required to come up with an effective field investigation plan. For this purpose, the use of Remote Sensing and GIS technologies for a spatial analysis is essential. This study has extracted the potential area of debrisslope landform formation using Fuzzy set and Bayesian Predictive Discriminate Model as mathematical data integration methods. The first step was to obtain information about debris locations and their related factors. This information was verified through field investigation and then used to build a database. In the second step, the map that zoning the study area based on the degree of debris formation possibility was generated using two modeling methods, and then cross validation technique was applied. In order to quantitatively analyze the accuracy of two modeling methods, the calculated potential rate of debrisformation within the study area was evaluated by plotting SRC(Success Rate Curve) and calculating AUC(Area Under the Curve). As a result, the prediction accuracy of Fuzzy set model wes 83.1% and Bayesian Predictive Discriminate Model wes 84.9%. It showed that two models are accurate and reliable and can contribute to efficient field investigation and debris landform management.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.325-337
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyze character of distribution of plants by landforms and altitude in Mt. myeonbong. The chemical properties of soil in this study sites were as follows; pH 4.86, organic 52.53 g/kg, $P_2O_5$ 7.57 mg/kg, potassium $0.18cmol^+/kg$, calcium $2.45cmol^+/kg$ and magnesium $0.49cmol^+/kg$. Generalists in the upper layer were analyzed as follows; Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, and specialists; Carpinus cordata, Tilia amurensis, Morus bombycis etc. In the middle layer, generalists were Betula schmidtii, Quercus mongolica, Sorbus alnifolia and specialists; Lindera erythrocarpa, Quercus serrata, Staphylea bumalda etc. Generalist of shrubs; Lindera obtusiloba, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Sorbus alnifolia, and specialists; Morus bombycis, Pinus densiflora, Deutzia glabrata etc. Generalists of herbaceous layer; Rhus tricocarpa, Lespedeza maximowiczii, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum and specialists; Liparis kumokiri, Davallia mariesii and Chrysosplenium flagelliferum etc.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

The main objective of this paper is to classify properties of the locational environment for each debris type by calculating likelihood ratio based on the correlation between the distributions for each type of debris landform. A total of 8 thematic maps, like as elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil drainage, geology, and landcover including with GIS spatial information generally used in this type of debris landform analysis. The results of this study showed that the block stream had a high likelihood ratio compared to talus in areas with relatively high elevation; and concerning slope, the block stream had a high likelihood ratio in a relatively low region than talus. Concerning aspect, a clear correlation could not be analyzed for each debristype, and concerning curvature, the block stream displayed a developed slope on the more concave valley than the talus. Analysis concerning TWI, the block stream displayed a higher likelihood ratio in wider sections than talus, and concerning soil drainage, the talus and block stream both displayed a high likelihood ratio in regions with well-drained soil. The talus displayed a high likelihood ratio in the order of metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and granite, while the block stream displayed a high likelihood ratio in the order of volcanic rocks, granite, and sedimentary rocks. In addition, concerning landcover, the likelihood ratio had the most concentrated distributed compared to natural bare land only concerning talus. Based on the likelihood ratio result, it can be used as basic data for extracting the possible areas of distribution for each debris type through the GIS spatial integration method.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 2017

Many debris landforms in the mountains of Korea have formed in the periglacial environment during the last glacial stage when the generation of sediments was active. Because these landforms are generally located on steep slopes and mostly covered by vegetation, however, it is difficult to observe and access them through field investigation. A scientific method is required to reduce the survey range before performing field investigation and to save time and cost. For this purpose, the use of remote sensing and GIS technologies is essential. This study has extracted the potential area of debris landform formation using a fuzzy set model as a mathematical data integration method. The first step was to obtain information about the location of debris landforms and their related factors. This information was verified through field observation and then used to build a database. In the second step, we conducted the fuzzy set modeling to generate a map, which classified the study area based on the possibility of debris formation. We then applied a cross-validation technique in order to evaluate the map. For a quantitative analysis, the calculated potential rate of debris formation was evaluated by plotting SRC(Success Rate Curve) and calculating AUC(Area Under the Curve). The prediction accuracy of the model was found to be 83.1%. We posit that the model is accurate and reliable enough to contribute to efficient field investigation and debris landform management.