• Title/Summary/Keyword: 한국 제4기학회

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Preparation of Chitosan-coated Magnetite Nanoparticles (키토산이 피복된 나노 크기의 자성체 분말 제조)

  • Cho, Jun-Hee;Ko, Sang-Gil;Ahn, Yang-Kyu;Song, Ki-Chang;Choi, Eun-Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.102-106
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    • 2006
  • Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for a variety of biomedical applications. They can be used in the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents in vivo, in the hyperthermic treatment of cancers. in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as contrast agents and in the biomagnetic separations of biomolecules. We have synthesized magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$ nanoparticles using chemical coprecipitation technique with sodium oleate as surfactant. Nanoparticle size can be varied from 2 to 8nm by controlling the sodium oleate concentration. Magnetite phase nanoparticles could be observed from X-ray diffraction. Magnetic colloid suspensions containing particles with sodium oleate and chitosan have been prepared. Nanoparticles, both oleate-coated and chitosan-coated, have been characterized by several techniques. Atomic farce microscope (AFM) was used to image the coated nanoparticles. Magnetic hysteresis measurement were performed using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer at room temperature to investigate the magnetic properties of the magnetite nanoparticles. The SQUID measurements revealed superparamagnetism of nanoparticles.

Effects of Microspraying of Water and Coating by White Materials on Fruit Sunburn Occurrence for 'Fuji'/M.9 Apple Tree (미세살수와 흰색 코팅제 도포가 '후지'/M.9 사과나무 과실 일소 발생에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Yang-Yik;Park, Moo-Yong;Yang, Sang-Jin;Nam, Jong-Chul;Sagong, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.76-82
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    • 2010
  • This study was carried out to compare and analyze control methods of the sunburn occurrence that affected 'Fuji'/M.9 planting systems in Korea from 2001 to 2003. It is very important to control temperature of the surface of fruits, because sunburn may occur when the temperature of fruit surfaces reaches $40^{\circ}C{\sim}45^{\circ}C$ due to high air temperature and sunlight during growing periods. As control methods of the sunburn occurrence, white coating materials such as $CaCO_3$ or kaolin were applied four times at two-week intervals from late June, and microspraying of water was conducted when air temperature was over $31^{\circ}C$ from late July to mid-August. Both methods were effective for preventing the sunburn occurrence and improving fruit quality by decreasing peel's temperature of fruits and increasing photosynthesis.

Sanitizing Agent Effect and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Raw Chicken Carcasses in Food Service (집단급식용 생계육에서 분리된 Salmonella의 항생체 내성과 위생 처리제의 영향)

  • Kang, Ji-Hyun;Lee, Young-Duck;Jung, Ki-Chang;Park, Jong-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.582-588
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    • 2001
  • To control the growth of Salmonella on raw chicken supplied in food service, they were isolated and analysed for their physiological characteristics. Total viable microbe counts under the skin of the chicken amounted to 10% of numbers on their skin. Fifty one of Salmonella were isolated and identified from 75 chicken carcass samples. About 70% of the isolates showed resistance to more than four antibiotics, which indicated very high resistance among the strains ever reported in Korea. Lactic acid and trisodium phosphate(TSP) as sanitizing agent were applied to the Salmonella spp. isolates by agar diffusion method. The resistance by isolates to those sanitizing agents was compared with type strains of S. typhimurium ATCC 14028, S. typhimurium ATCC 12023, S. heidelberg and S. enteritidis. The isolates showed similar or less resistance to the type strains as for the lactic acid. However, as for trisodium phosphate known recently as a good sanitizer, 50% of the isolates showed more resistant compared with the type strains. Also, the treatment time and regeneration medium affected significantly the resistance of the isolates, which indicates that more careful test might be needed for TSP's practical application to raw chicken. Therefore, From the results, it is suggested that antibiotic treatment during breeding broiler and contamination after slaughtering should be minimized along with careful use of sanitizing agent in order to ensure more safe raw chicken supply.

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Study of Hydrodynamics and Reaction Characteristics of K-based Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture in a Continuous System Composed of Two Bubbling Fluidized-bed Reactors (두 개의 기포유동층으로 구성된 연속장치에서 CO2 회수를 위한 K-계열 고체흡수제의 수력학적 특성 및 반응특성)

  • Kim, Ki-Chan;Kim, Kwang-Yul;Park, Young Cheol;Jo, Sung-Ho;Ryu, Ho-Jung;Yi, Chang-Keun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.499-505
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    • 2010
  • In this study, hydrodynamics and reaction characteristic of K-based solid sorbents for $CO_2$ capture were investigated using a continuous system composed of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors(1.2 m tall bed with 0.11 m i.d.). Potassium-based dry sorbents manufactured by the Korea Electric Power Research Institute were used, which were composed of $K_2CO_3$ of 35% for $CO_2$ absorption and supporters of 65% for mechanical strength. The continuous system consists of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors, solid injection nozzle, riser, chiller, analyzer and heater for regeneration reaction. The minimum fluidizing velocity of the continuous system was 0.0088 m/s and the solid circulation rate measured was $10.3kg/m^2{\cdot}s$ at 1.05 m/s velocity of the solid injection nozzle. The $CO_2$ concentration of the simulated gas was about 10 vol% in dry basis. Reaction temperature in carbonator and regenerator were maintained about $70^{\circ}C$ and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively. Differential pressures, which were maintained in carbonator and regenerator, were about $415mmH_2O$ and $350mmH_2O$, respectively. In order to find out reaction characteristics of dry sorbents, several experiments were performed according to various experimental conditions such as $H_2O$ content(7.28~19.66%) in feed gas, velocity (0.053~0.103 m/s) of simulated gas, temperature($60{\sim}80^{\circ}C$) of a carbonator, temperature($150{\sim}200^{\circ}C$) of a regenerator and solid circulation rate($7.0{\sim}10.3kg/m^2{\cdot}s$). The respective data of operating variables were saved and analyzed after maintaining one hour in a stable manner. As a result of continuous operation, $CO_2$ removal tended to increase by increasing $H_2O$ content in feed gas, temperature of a regenerator and solid circulation rate and to decrease by increasing temperature of a carbonator and gas velocity in a carbonator.

Studies on Persistence of Pesticides in Soils and Crops under Polyethylene Film Mulching Culture;III. Persistence of Soil Insecticides Endosulfan, Fonofos and Ethoprophos (폴리에틸렌 멀칭재배시(栽培時) 농약(農藥)의 토양(土壤) 및 작물체중(作物體中) 잔류(殘留)에 관한 연구(硏究);제(第)3보(報) 토양살충제 Endosulfan, Fonofos, Ethoprophos의 잔류성(殘留性))

  • Ryang, Hwan-Seung;Moon, Young-Hee;Kim, Nak-Eung
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 1988
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of polyethylene film(P.E.) mulching on degradation of the soil insecticides, endosulfan(6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide), fonofos(O-ethyl S-phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate), and ethorprophos(O-ethyl S, S-dipropyl phosphorodithioate) in red pepper, peanut, and sesame fields. Degradation of endosulfan, fonofos and ethoprophos in the soils under P.E. mulching and non-mulching followed first-order kinetics. The half-lives of fonofos, ethoprophos, ${\alpha}-$ and ${\beta}-endosulfan$ were $19{\sim}21$, $25{\sim}37$, $33{\sim}39$ and $56{\sim}81$ days, respectively. There were few differences in the half-lives of fonofos in either mulching or non-mulching concitions. However, half-lives of α-endosulfan, ethoprophos, and ${\beta}-endosulfan$ were 6, 12 and 25 days longer under P.E. mulching than under non-mulching conditions, respectively. The effect of P.E. mulching on degradation was remarkable for the slower degrading insecticides. Residues of ethoprophos in the harvested sesame under P.E. mulching and non-mulching conditions were 0.024 and 0.074ppm, respectively. Residues of fonofos in the harvested peanuts under P.E. mulching and non-mulching conditions were 0.078 and 0.017ppm, respectively. However, no endosulfan was detected in the harvested red peppers under either condition.

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Quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus compared with non-diabetic subjects in Korea: The 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (비당뇨병 환자와의 비교를 통한 우리나라당뇨병 환자의 삶의 질; 제5기 국민건강영양조사(2010-2012))

  • Shin, Hwan Ho;Han, Mi Ah;Park, Jong;Ryu, So Yeon;Choi, Seong Woo;Park, Seon Mi;Kim, Hyo Ju
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2015
  • Objective: This study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with diabetes in Korea and to compare them with the HRQoL of individuals without diabetes history. Methods: The study subjects were 17,655 adults aged over 19 who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). The EuroQoL-5Dimension was used to evaluate HRQoL. Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were performed to test the difference of HRQoL in diabetic subjects and controls. Results: The mobility dimension was the highest reported problem: 36.4% for diabetic subjects. The proportion of any reported problem was significantly high among diabetic subjects compared with two controls in terms of mobility [reference group: diabetic subjects, chronic controls: adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=0.66-0.91, healthy controls: aOR=0.61, 95% CI=0.50-0.75], self-care [reference group: diabetic subjects, chronic controls: aOR=0.68, 95% CI=0.55-0.83, healthy controls: OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.51-0.94]. and usual activities [reference group: diabetic subjects, chronic controls: aOR=0.85, 95% CI=0.72-0.99, healthy controls: OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.62-0.98]. Also, EQ-5D index were significantly low in subjects with diabetes compared to two controls. Conclusions: Subjects with diabetes had a significantly lower HRQoL compared with two controls. To improve the quality of life of diabetics, it is necessary to study various variables related to the quality of life, and develop and manage various health programs or welfare policies reflecting socio-demographic characteristics and health related features that affect the quality of life.

Optimization of Production Medium by Response Surface Method and Development of Fermentation Condition for Monascus pilosus Culture (Monascus pilosus 배양을 위한 반응표면분석법에 의한 생산배지 최적화 및 발효조건 확립)

  • Yoon, Sang-Jin;Shin, Woo-Shik;Chun, Gie-Taek;Jeong, Yong-Seob
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.288-296
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    • 2007
  • Monascus pilosus (KCCM 60160) in submerged culture was optimized based on culture medium and fermentation conditions. Monacolin-K (Iovastatin), one of the cholesterol lowing-agent which was produced by Monascus pilosus may maintain a healthy lipid level by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Plackett-Burman design and response surface method were employed to study the culture medium for the desirable monacolin-K production. As a result of experimental designs, optimized production medium components and concentrations (g/L) were determined on soluble starch 96, malt extract 44.5, beef extract 30.23, yeast extract 15, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 4.03, $Na_2HPO_4{\cdot}12H_2O$ 0.5, L-Histidine 3.0, $KHSO_4$ 1.0, respectively. Monacolin-K production was improved about 3 times in comparison with shake flask fermentation of the basic production medium. The effect of agitation speed (300, 350, 400 and 450 rpm) on the monacolin-K production were also observed in a batch fermenter. Maximum monacolin-K production with the basic production medium was 68 mg/L when agitation speed was 500 rpm. And it was found that all spherical pellets (average diameter of $1.0{\sim}1.5mm$) were dominant during fermentation. Based on the results, the maximum production of 185 mg/L of monacolin-K with the optimized production medium was obtained at pH (controlled) 6.5, agitation rate 400 rpm, aeration rate 1 vvm, and inoculum size 3%.

The Assessment of pH Variation for Neutralized Acidic Areas using Lysimeters by Seasons (라이시미터를 이용한 중화처리된 산성화경사지의 계절별 pH 용탈특성 평가)

  • Oh, Seungjin;Oh, Minah;Park, Chan-O;Jung, Munho;Lee, Jai-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.79-86
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    • 2015
  • Korean territories has formed about 70% of mountainous areas that have acidified serious level to average pH 4-5. There are a number of abandoned metal mines about 1,000 in Korea. However, mine tailings and waste rock included heavy metals are exposed to long-term environment without prevention facility or treatment system. Thus, ongoing management and monitoring of soil environment are required. Most of abandoned mine scattered in forest areas of slopes. Soil erosion due to continuous rainfall in the slopy areas can cause the secondary pollution by the influence eutrophication of water system and the productivity loss of the plant. Therefore, this study would like to estimate pH leaching rate by artificial rainfall using waste neutralization-agent in lysimeter. Moreover, the potentially of secondary pollution related to precipitation is figured out through the experiments, and the optimal planting methods would examinate after neutralizing treatment in soil. Experiments composed three kinds of lysimeter; lysimeter 1 had filled only acidic soil, lysimeter 2 had neutralized soil, and lysimeter 3 had planting plants after neutralized soil. In the results, lysimeter 2 showed the lowest pH leaching, and there is not specific relativity with pH leaching of the seasonal characteristics.

The Stability of Aspalatone and Aspirin in Buffered Aqueous Solution (완충 수용액중 아스파라톤 및 아스피린의 안정성)

  • 곽혜선;전인구
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1995.04a
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    • pp.130-130
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    • 1995
  • AM, SM 및 ASA는 수용액중에서 겉보기 1차반응에 따라 분해되었으며 보존온도가 높을수록 분해가 촉진되는 온도 의존성을 나타내었다. AM의 분해경로는 pH 1.22 및 pH 7.0 이상에서는 AM$\longrightarrow$ SM $\longrightarrow$ SA의 경로로 주로 분해되었으며 pH 2.01 - 6.08의 범위에서는 AM $\longrightarrow$ASA$\longrightarrow$SA의 경로로 분해되는 양상을 보였다. 또 pH가 분해에 미치는 영향을 pH-rate profile로 나타낸 결과 AM, SM 및 ASA의 최대안정 pH는 각각 4.0, 3.0, 2.0 부근이 있고 이 조건에서의 분해 반감기는 114, 168, 113 hr로 나타났다. 전체적으로 보면 pH 2.0 이하에서는 ASA가 AM 보다 약간 안정한 편이나 pH 2.0-8.0 사이에서는 AM의 분해속도가 ASA보다 현저히 낮았다. 또 AM은 pH 7.0 이상에서, SM은 pH 6.0 이상에서, ASA는 9.0 이상에서 특수염기촉매반응에 따라 분해가 이루어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이온강도($\mu$)의 영향으로는 pH 7.0에서 이온강도가 0.115에서 1.0으로 증가할수록 $\mu$$^{1}$2/에 대해 AM의 분해속도정수가 직선적으로 완만하게 감소되었다. 또 완충수용액 중 AM의 가수분해 억제효과를 검토하기 위해 시클로덱스트린류를 첨가하였을 때, $\beta$-시클로덱스트린과 히드록시프로필기-$\beta$-시클로덱스트린은 AM의 분해를 각각 1.6배 및 1.1배 촉진시켜 촉매적으로 작용하였으며 디메칠-$\beta$-시클로덱스트린은 약 3.2배 분해속도를 억제시켜 안정화제로 작용하였다.Zn^{2+}$, soybean trypsin inhibtor에 의해 25~50% 정도, serine proteinase inhibitor인 phenylmethylsulfonyl floride에 의해 80%정도 활성이 억제되는 특성이 있음을 규명하였다.면역환성 (immunoreactivity)이 나타났고 pyramidal cell layer (PCL)와 glia에 SOD-1이 강하게 염색되었다. APT 병용 투여로 상당수의 경련이 일어나지 않은 흰쥐는 해마의 DG에 FRA가 경미하게 염색되었고, PCL에 SOD-1도 경미하게 나타났으나, 경련이 나타난 쥐에서는 KA만을 투여한 흰쥐와 구별되지 않았다. 이상의 APT의 항산화 효과는 KA로 인한 뇌세포 변성 개선에 중요한 인자로 작용할 것으로 사료되나, 보다 명확한 APT의 기전을 검색하고 직접 임상에 응응하기 위하여는 보다 다양한 실험 조건이 보완되어야 찰 것으로 생각된다. 항우울약들의 항혈소판작용은 PKC-기질인 41-43 kD와 20 kD의 인산화를 억제함에 기인되는 것으로 사료된다.다. 것으로 사료된다.다.바와 같이 MCl에서 작은 Dv 값을 갖는데, 이것은 CdCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ 착이온을 형성하거나 ZnCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ , ZnCl$_{3}$$^{-}$같은 이온과 MgCl$^{+}$, MgCl$_{2}$같은 이온종을 형성하기 때문인것 같다. 한편 어떠한 용리액에서던지 NH$_{4}$$^{+}$의 경우 Dv값이 제일 작았다. 바. 본 연구의 목적중의 하나인 인체유해 중금속이온인 Hg(II), Cd(II)등이 NaCl같은 염화물이 함유된 시료용액에 공해이온으로 존재할 경우 흡착에 의한 제거가 가능하다. 한편 이같

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Influences on Health Behaviors Execution and Self Rated Health as Socioeconomic Class by the Age Bracket (연령층별 사회경제적 계층에 따른 건강행위 실천과 주관적 건강수준에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jung-Min;Kim, Won-Joong;Sohn, Hae-Sook;Chun, Jin-Ho;Lee, Myeong-Jin;Park, Hyun-Suk
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.317-327
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of present study was to observe the path and influencing effects between socioeconomic class (SEC), health practices and self-rated health(SRH) by the age bracket. The subjects were 4,987 adults over 25 years old who participated in the 2008 Korean National Examination Health and Nutrition Survey and could be classified into SEC in terms of the three characteristics: education, income and occupation. Path analysis was conducted with the effects of health behaviors execution on the differences in SRH, and the complex samples analysis executed by chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA. As the result, lower SRH level paralleled with the lower SEC, and more health behaviors had differed by SEC in the younger and middle aged group. The lower SEC, the lower SRH: non-smoking and weight control for younger women and exercise for aged men had indirect effects as parameters. In conclusion, when planning a health promotion program, to select the correct target populations with consideration of the age bracket, gender and SEC and to establish tailored contents fit for each of the population would be important.