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The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (한국생물공학회)
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Optimization of Production Medium by Response Surface Method and Development of Fermentation Condition for Monascus pilosus Culture

Monascus pilosus 배양을 위한 반응표면분석법에 의한 생산배지 최적화 및 발효조건 확립

  • Yoon, Sang-Jin (Division of biotechnology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, Woo-Shik (Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chun, Gie-Taek (Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jeong, Yong-Seob (Research Center for industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Kangwon National University)
  • 윤상진 (전북대학교 응용생물공학부) ;
  • 신우식 (강원대학교 분자생명과학과) ;
  • 전계택 (강원대학교 분자생명과학과) ;
  • 정용섭 (바이오식품소재 개발 및 산업화 연구센터)
  • Published : 2007.10.30
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Abstract

Monascus pilosus (KCCM 60160) in submerged culture was optimized based on culture medium and fermentation conditions. Monacolin-K (Iovastatin), one of the cholesterol lowing-agent which was produced by Monascus pilosus may maintain a healthy lipid level by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Plackett-Burman design and response surface method were employed to study the culture medium for the desirable monacolin-K production. As a result of experimental designs, optimized production medium components and concentrations (g/L) were determined on soluble starch 96, malt extract 44.5, beef extract 30.23, yeast extract 15, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 4.03, $Na_2HPO_4{\cdot}12H_2O$ 0.5, L-Histidine 3.0, $KHSO_4$ 1.0, respectively. Monacolin-K production was improved about 3 times in comparison with shake flask fermentation of the basic production medium. The effect of agitation speed (300, 350, 400 and 450 rpm) on the monacolin-K production were also observed in a batch fermenter. Maximum monacolin-K production with the basic production medium was 68 mg/L when agitation speed was 500 rpm. And it was found that all spherical pellets (average diameter of $1.0{\sim}1.5mm$) were dominant during fermentation. Based on the results, the maximum production of 185 mg/L of monacolin-K with the optimized production medium was obtained at pH (controlled) 6.5, agitation rate 400 rpm, aeration rate 1 vvm, and inoculum size 3%.

콜레스테롤 저하제이자 고지혈증 치료제의 하나인 모나콜린-K (lovastatin)의 생산을 높이기 위하여 플라스크 배양에서 생산배지 최적화를 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 기본생산배지에 탄소원, 무기인산염, 아미노산원과 무기원에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 각각의 원소에 대해 모나콜린-K를 가장 많이 생산한 순서대로 3가지를 선별하여 Graeco-Latin square design에 의해 생산배지의 종류와 농도를 결정하였다. 하지만 상기 실험은 각 배지간의 교호작용을 검출할 수 없어서 모나콜린-K 생산에 대한 재현성이 떨어졌다. 따라서 탄소원, 질소원과 질소원의 농도에 대한 실험을 보완하였다. 통계학적 실험계획법인 Plackett-Burman design에 의해 배지 중 beef extract, $(NH_4)_2HSO_4$와 $KHSO_4$가 모나콜린-K 생산에 가장 영향력 있는 인자로 분석되었으며, 영향력이 있는 3가지 배지에 대해 배지 사이의 교호작용까지 분석할 수 있는 실험계획법인 중심합성계획법과 반응표면 분석법을 이용하여 생산배지를 최적화 하였다. 모나콜린-K 고생산을 위한 배지와 최적화된 농도 (g/L)는 soluble starch 96, malt extract 44.5, beef extract 30.23, yeast extract 15, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 4.03, $Na_2HPO_4{\cdot}12H_2O$ 0.5, L-Histidine 3.0과 $KHSO_4$ 1.0이며, 기본생산배지에서의 생산량보다 약 3배 증가한 558.96 mg/L의 생산을 보였다. 생물반응기에서 교반속도가 모나콜린-K 생산에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 기본생산배지를 이용하여 300, 350, 400과 500 rpm에서 실험을 수행하였다. 교반속도 500 rpm에서 68 mg/L으로 가장 높은 생산을 보였으며, 이 때 균의 형태구조는 300, 350과 400 rpm에서 펠��과 균사체가 공존하는 것과는 다르게 펠�� 형태로만 자라는 것이 확인 되었으며, 생물반응기를 이용하여 발효 시 펠�� 형태가 모나콜린-K 생산에 가장 좋은 형태구조임을 알 수 있었다. 확립된 최적생산배지를 이용하여 400 rpm, 1 vvm과 3% 초기 접종량에서 pH를 6.5로 조절한 경우 185 mg/L의 가장 높은 모나콜린-K가 생산 되었으며, 이때 균체량은 32 g/L를 나타내었다.

Keywords

References

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