• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.23-44
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• 2023

The word library(図書館) is a Japanese translation of the Western library or Bibliothek in the mid-Meiji period. This word has been accepted in Chinese(图书馆), Taiwan(圖書館), Korea(도서관), and Vietnam(Dđồ thư quán), which are Chinese-speaking countries. If so, when and who first introduced the term library to Japan and China? In Japan, the enlightenment thinker Fukuzawa's 『Seiyo Jijo, 1866』 is regarded as the first document to introduce the Western library, and in China, the article published in 『Qing Yi Bao, 1896』 by the reformed thinker Liang Qichao referred to as the first example. Therefore, this study traced and demonstrated the time and person in which the word library appeared, focusing on modern dictionaries, books, translations, papers, and newspaper articles that were introduced in both countries. As a result, the theory of the introduction to Fukuzawa in 1866 is wrong because Western libraries are described in various terms in many diaries and dictionaries, including Motoki's 『An English Japanese Dictionary of the Spoken Language, 1814』. Also, in China, the theory of introduction of Liang Qichao in 1896 is not true because the term library first appeared in Ryu Jeong-dam's 『A Dictionary of Loan Words and Hybrid Words in Chinese, 1884』. In the same context, it is necessary to trace and argue the history of the first use of the term library in Korea and the name of the first library in Korea established by the Busan Branch of the Japan Hongdo Association in 1901.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.229-248
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• 2017

This paper is a study on French of Lee Sang's poems called metaphysical scandals in Korean poetry. Is poetic language he used a common poetic word or a non-poetic word in French? What kind of harmony do words and sentences composed of French have with Korean, Chinese character, and non-poetic word? Based on these questions, we analyzed a command of French, that is symbolic, geometrical, and pictorial French as well as repetitive and parallel constitution used in form of words and sentences. In Lee Sang's poems, as a result, the use of French is seen as a mixture of non-poetic word. It shows characteristics that reject traditional native language and the creation of poetry. In his poems, French is also an important factor of avant-garde poetic material and experimental creation technique. In his poems, French is used as a special tool to express internal conflicts of the poet. Lee Sang showed experimental style that could not be found in modern Korean literature by using signifier and signifed that french language has.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.92-117
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• 2004

Korea has the glorious documentary cultural heritage including Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, Memory of the World, from old times. But We had been felt into serious situation, it is very difficult to find some records of late years, through rapid changes of society in modern history. Fortunately, in 1999, "law of archives management in public sector" was enacted but It is some difficult to apply to field. Accordingly, We studied archives laws and record management systems, education systems in Japan and China, neighborhood countries and compared them with Korea's. Life cycle of Gathering, Managing, Using records & archives is reflected in China's archives law, "Dangan" and It is useful to referred to Korea. On the other hand, Japan and Korea's archives law focus on administering and capturing records and archives. In case of Management agency of archives, China has a linear managing system from state to regional agency and Japan and Korea have different system in State and Region. We recommend following items ; reform archives law, status of government archives, professional education and arrangement etc.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.576-598
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• 2016

This paper is to reconsider some characteristics of philosophical discussion on alienation, especially focusing on Lefebvre's concept of alienation, and then to conceptualize a number of features of alienation in both industrial and postindustrial capitalist cities. The construction and development of modern city in industrial capitalism has brought about alienation from nature and from land(i.e. means of production), and in these contexts, has generated alienated labour of urban labourers, which has been deepened through development of modern technologies and divisions of labour. The transformation from industrial to postindustrial society can be seen not as alleviating but as further intensifying and expanding process of alienation. Urban alienation in postindustrial society has been spatially and temporally extended through processes of glocalization and of financialization with the development of credit system. It also has been widened to fields of consumption and leisure and to spheres of non-material production, and has get more deeply involved in capital circulation through built environment and landscape(or spectacles) of cities. Finally this paper is to re-examine briefly theoretical discussions on dealienation in order to conceptualize the just city for dealienation of labour and of urban space, in particular considering the concept of 'the right to the city' as practical strategy of urban dealienation, and to suggest further three kinds of justice for the just city, that is, justice for distribution, for production and for recognition.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.297-313
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• 2004

This study, based on an ethnographic field-research in Hwangryong marketplace at Jangsung, explores the transformational process of local community and local marketplace from the end of the 19th century. I attempt to use methodology of oral statement and memory. In socio-economic, political and cultural sence, Hwangryong market which made the 18th century was central place of Jangsung. It was famous of cattle marketplace from the end of Lee Dynasty. The heyday of Hwangryong market is vitalized in the ruling of Japan. Japanese government collect tax and agricultural products through this marketplace. After independence of 1945, the economic function of it was weakened, but the other side political function was strengthened. The socio-economic and cultural status of this market was revitalized after the end of Korean war notwithstanding trial of moving of marketplace. But peasant migration and mechanization of agriculture from the end of 1950' had been brought about a critical moment to Hwangryong marketplace as cattle market. The opening of Honam express road at 1973 was decisively weakened socio-economic, cultural function and role of this marketplace. Consequently, Hwangryong marketplace was transformed small local market. The identity of cattle marketplace was rarely remained in recent. This inclination will not be stopped if not linking to local festival or invention of local specialities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.14-27
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• 2010

This study is aimed at understanding the wisdom of our ancestors in Korean traditional villages and finding out cues to designate and utilize community space in planning residential area in villages by examining community space in Korean traditional villages from cultural landscape point of view. This study designated 18 Korean traditional villages which have been preserving Korean traditional culture up to now, so deserve conservation from historical, cultural and artistic viewpoint. This study divided community spaces in each village into social area and ritual area depending on their uses and functions based on the results of pilot study and main study. In addition, ritual areas were also divided into Confucian ritual area and ethnic ritual area. Specifically, this study examined characteristics of space location and users by understanding the location of community space factors in the 18 villages. As for the factor analysis of community spaces, community factors established after the modern age were examined from modern viewpoint, and factors which had been destroyed or lost their original functions were examined from retrospective viewpoint. In conclusion, this study found out that cultural landscape in Korean traditional villages were affected by social relationship among villagers. The community spaces of villagers were multiple-function space rather than a space which was exclusively used by a specific class. Though the occupation of these spaces was separated and differentiated depending on sexes and ages, villagers tried to understand and respect each other through tacit communication.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2021

For the preservation and efficient content sharing of 5 volumes (2,866 pages) of Yu Kil-Chun's book published in 1971, which provides an important collection of data for the study of modern Korean history during the late 19th century (enlightenment period of Joseon dynasty). The books were purchased and its preservation status investigated and documented electronically by scanning for permanent preservation of content and to determine the condition of preservation at the time of documentation. The degree of deterioration and damage, such as discoloration, hardening, breakage, and damage in these 50 years old modern printed books was quantified through image analysis and made attempts to visualize the damaged areas. It was observed that the degree of deterioration and damage depended on the material and the surface condition of the paper used, the degree of exposure to light, and the storage environment. The comparison of the preservation status at the time of the photographing (or scanning) and judgment as to whether or not the image under investigation was artificially modified was accomplished by comparing the electronically documented images of Seoyugyeonmun (西遊見聞) in Volume 1 of Yu Kil-Chun's works with images provided on other websites. Practical problems encountered while considering the effective preservation of electronically documented data and publicly sharing it, in the course of this study, with other academic researchers around the world were also summarized.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.4 no.3_4
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• pp.68-79
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• 1981

We discovered following on our surveys to the island six times in May, August (1978), in April, May, June, July (1979). There are 73 families, 158 genera, 189 species, 31 varieties over Tracheophyta Fuller & Tippo. Till early or middle age of Lee Dynasty, the island's dominant plants was evergreen broad-leaved trees, mainly consisted with Camellia japonica L. and Castanopsis cuspidata Schot, var. sieboldii Nakai but due to the population growth and increased exiles constant ground burnt off fr cultivation, the number of evergreen broad-leaved trees was decreased and that of P. densiflora S. et Z. replaced position. That is to say, the island was dominated by the flora of the subtropical zone era, but it has been complicated by flora of the temperate zone whose reproductivity is more vivid, in modern era. Recently Pinus thunbergiana Franco, Robinia pseudo-acasasia L. Amoroha fructicasia L. invaded and reserved inthe island. During a decade of the end of Japanes rule and after liberation about all of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. were cut downed, and after that, under the Forest Bureau, there have being sucessed to Pinus thunbergiana France. Camellia japonica L. other 20 species of evergreen broad-leaved trees are distributed in Island Wi, a tutelary shrine of Dae Ri, a mountain at the back of a village of Chi Do Ri and a mountain at the back of Jin Ri administrative office of a township. The special plants of the island are 1) state of Lycoris aurea Herb which of foun in a ridge between fields and forest around Jin Ri and 2) stock of Cmbidium virescens Lindly bloomed under the Pinus densiflora forest of Keun Tan Chi Do.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2009

To preserve steel cultural properties on display outdoors, the surface of these relics is processed with a covering treatment, which is a typical anti-corrosion method. Since the registered cultural heritage of Korea No. 78 Locomotive at Jangdan Station of Gyeongui Line will be treated by preservation process and displayed in the open outdoor area, effective surface covering agents were selected through testing to prevent the corrosion of the locomotive. The mixed wax are based on two types of microcrystalline wax which is one of regular surface covering agents for locomotives and bee‘s wax. For the weather resistance test, 3 types of wax were applied to each specimen of the locomotive and the specimens were tested in the Xenon-Arc Accelerated Weathering Tester for 1000 hours in accordance with the ISO 4892-1981 criteria and the test results were compared. As a result, on the surface of the specimen coated with the bee's wax, a whitening event appears after 400 hours which causes aging, and the specimens coated by the microcrystalline wax showed signs of a whitening event after 800 hours. The moisture contact angle with the microcrystalline wax coating was also less than with the bee's wax. Therefore, it was found that the high temperature microcrystalline wax is the most effective coating agent in terms of weather resistance and moisture blocking capability and the high temperature microcrystalline wax was adopted for coating the surface of the locomotive.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.257-263
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• 2013

The zinc phosphate-coated mica (ZP/mica) pigments were prepared using phosphoric acid, zinc nitrate and mica as starting materials, and used as anticorrosive pigments. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to observe the morphology and crystal structure of prepared pigments. The prepared pigments were incorporated into an epoxy binder to prepare coating and the corrosion inhibition performance of the pigments was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that the anticorrosive performance of the ZP/mica pigment prepared at $70^{\circ}C$ was the better than that prepared at $20^{\circ}C$. The formation of ZnO, in addition to $Zn_3(PO_4)_2{\cdot}2H_2O$, was observed on ZP/mica pigment prepared at $70^{\circ}C$. The excellent anticorrosive performance of ZP/mica pigment could be ascribed to the synergistic effect with electrochemical anticorrosive mechanism from zinc compounds on mica and barrier anticorrosive mechanism from lamellar mica.