• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.211-217
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• 2023

This study was conducted for the purpose of analyzing the differences in academic presence and achievement according to the types of e-learning contents development. Content development types were divided into HTML5-based contents, which is interactive contents, and Flash-based contents, which is video presenting type. One group at G high school located in B region learned with HTML5-based contents, and the other group learned with Flash-based contents, and then conducted a survey on the presence and an achievement evaluation. Presence was analyzed through a paired t-test, and the difference in academic achievement was measured through analysis of covariance. As a result of the study, it was found that HTML5-based contents had high levels of presence and academic achievement. Based on the results of the study, the development direction of e-learning contents to be developed in the future was discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2022

In blended learning, which combines school and online learning, unidirectionalness and disconnection of interaction are pointed out as the reason for widening the educational gap. This study conducted focus group interviews with teachers, students, and parents to develop a blended learning model to enhance the effectiveness of online learning. In order to increase the interaction between teachers and students online, the EduCare model considering care factors was proposed. Six practical models were proposed for the blended EduCare model. Not only interaction can be maximized, but learning reality and psychological well-being, social presence can be improved, and the effectiveness of online learning can be cultivated positively.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2023

When conducting metaverse-based logistics education, educational, entertainment, and sense of reality were presented as preceding factors as factors that content should have, and the effect on learner satisfaction by mediating learner participation was verified. The results and implications are as follows. First, educational, entertainment, and presence were found to be important factors that can improve learners' participation. Since it is a content provided as part of university education, it can be expected that the educational value will be the highest, but entertainment has been identified as the most influential variable. Therefore, in order for metaverse-based logistics education to induce learners' participation, it is necessary to plan contents that students can enjoy and enjoy. Second, it was found that learner participation has a positive effect on learning satisfaction. Although it is a virtual world, if it is real and you can interact with other learners, you will be satisfied with your learning. Therefore, it is necessary to develop contents that can induce learners' participation in order to continuously provide learning satisfaction when providing metaverse-based logistics education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.826-839
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to provide instructional implications for synchronous online learning at universities by examining variables that influence the outcome of synchronous online learning and investigating the relationships of the variables. To achieve the purpose, self-regulated learning, social presence, learning engagement and perceived academic achievement were measured by 123 university students who had taken synchronous online learning for spring semester in 2020. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS and SPSS PROCESS macro. The results were as follows. First, self-regulated learning and learning engagement significantly predicted perceived academic achievement while social presence did not. Second, self-regulated learning had a direct effect on perceived academic achievement and had an indirect effect on perceived academic achievement through learning engagement. Third, social presence did not have a direct effect on perceived academic achievement, but had an indirect effect on perceived academic achievement through learning engagement. The implications based on the results were suggested.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among academic self-efficacy, learning time and environment management, teaching efficacy, flow and satisfaction of cyber university students. For this purpose, the 317 students of W cyber university were participated in the web-survey systems for two weeks at the end of the first semester in 2011. The results of this study through multiple regression analysis indicated that academic self-efficacy, learning time and environment management, and teaching efficacy significantly predicted on flow(${\beta}$=.712, p<.05) and satisfaction(${\beta}$=.531, p<.05). In addition to this, flow was used as a significant mediated variable in the relationships among academic self-efficacy, learning time and environment management, teaching efficacy, and satisfaction. Based on these study results, effective management strategies for improving cyber university students' learning achievement and satisfaction were proposed.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.64
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• pp.203-235
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the degree of social presence perceived by students and to explore the factors that have affected it after practicing Christian Education classes as synchronous distance course due to Covid-19. It is also to suggest effective ways in the aspects of the design and operation to improve social presence. In order to measure social presence and derive influencing factors, research related to synchronous distance class and social presence is summarized through literature review. The researchers also surveyed 58 students in three courses of Christian education major at a University in Gyeonggi-do and conducted in-depth interviews with 6 students. The main findings are as follows: First, the sense of social presence was moderate, the emotional bond was the lowest by sub-factor, the open communication, the sense of community was moderate, and the mutual support and concentration were the highest. Second, factors that had a positive impact on the sense of social reality were group activities, selfintroduction activities, active participation in classes, mutual communication such as Q & A or response to peer learners' opinions during lectures by professors, questions, feedback, etc, and having a smaller number of students. Factors that had a negative impact on the perception of social presence were lack of private conversations, poor participation in classes, lack of communication with each other, and difficulty concentrating. The causes of these negative factors were technical problems and limitations arising from zoom, inconvenience and distracting surroundings, lack of time, and psychological awkwardness. Reflecting the results of the study, orientation to effective synchronous distance course, guidance on smooth communication methods, strengthening the role of professors to promote learning, strengthening group activities and learner-centered activities, and proposing a smaller scale of students were ways that are offered to improve the sense of social presence in synchronous distance courses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2021

This study is a study of factors affecting pre-service teachers' learning immersion in online science classes. The results of a survey on the responses of 88 pre-primary teachers to online science classes were interpreted. In online science class, independent variables were set as ease, usefulness, and social presence, and dependent variables were set as learning immersion. Online science classes were conducted based on the university's LMS system. The results of the study were interpreted by regression analysis for t-test, correlation between factors, and multicollinearity test in pre-post-responses of pre-service teachers for ease, usefulness, and social presence. The results of this study are as follows. First, there was a significant effect in the before-and-after tests of factors in the online science class. Second, the correlation coefficient between factors in online science class is .306 for sense of community and mutual support and concentration at the significance level of .01, and .354 for learning immersion and open communication, indicating that there is a correlation. Third, considering the effective results of the pre-post test of each factor in the online science class, it cannot be interpreted that a particular factor had an effect, but it is interpreted that learning was immersed in ease, usefulness, and a sense of social presence.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

This study investigated how general blended learning strategies and flipped-learning instructional strategy affect college students' social presence and group cohesion. The main results of this study were summarized as follows. First, the group of flipped-learning instructional strategy was more effective in college students' social presence than general blended learning. Second, it was found that groups using flipped-learning instruction strategy had more positive effects on improving group cohesion among college students than those using the general blended learning instructional strategy. The results of this study can influence the identification and verification of the main components to be considered when using flipped-learning instruction strategy in blended learning environment. The results of this study can influence the identification and verification of the main components to be considered when using flipped-learning instruction strategy in blended learning environment.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2019

This study examined the effect of e-learning contents with different dual-coding, media-richness, and cognitive-load degree on learning. To do so, after dividing summary and explanation presentation methods in e-learning contents according to information's quantity and kind, the effects on teaching presence and academic achievement were examined. The summary presentation method was produced as text type and text+illustration type and the explanation presentation method as audio type and audio+video type. The results of this study are as follows. First, in the summary method, the text+illustration type had significantly higher teaching presence than text type. Second, in the explanation method, the audio type was found to be significantly higher than the audio+video type. Third, the interaction between the summary method and explanation method was found to be significant in teaching presence and academic achievement.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.123-132
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 사이버대학의 성과에 영향을 미치는 서비스 특성화 요인을 찾는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 사이버대학의 성과를 교수, 졸업 및 취업, 브랜드 이미지 측면에서 접근하였고, 선행연구를 토대로 하여 사이버대학의 성과에 영향을 미치는 서비스 특성화 요인으로 콘텐츠 다양성, 콘텐츠 품질, 콘텐츠 실무지향성, 강의 실재감, 학습관리를 도출하였다. 연구모형을 검증하기 위해 중국의 사이버대학에 재학 중인 대학생들을 인터넷 설문을 배포하여 총 170부의 유효설문을 수집하여 실증 분석하였다. 실증 분석한 결과, 다음과 같은 다섯 가지의 연구결과를 확인하였다. 첫째, 콘텐츠 다양성 수준이 높을수록 사이버대학의 성과는 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 강의 콘텐츠 품질이 우수할수록 사이버대학의 성과는 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, 콘텐츠 실무 지향성이 높을수록 사이버대학의 성과가 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 넷째, 강의 실재감이 높을수록 사이버대학의 성과는 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 다섯째, 학습관리 수준이 높을수록 사이버대학의 성과가 높아지는 것을 확인하였다.