• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-82
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• 2015

This study investigated the learning process of Chines international student within a technology environment, who was studying in Korea to be well equipped as a math teacher in future. Her activities were observed and guided in a class for pre-service teachers in one university, Kyunggido, in the second semester of 2014. She experienced obstacles such as the lacks of comprehending Korean sentences, Korean math terminologies, mathematical concepts, and fidelities of technology in her learning. She was recovered by bilingual effect, visualization activities, repetition activities, and group activities. There was a learning helper who made her learning possible in a bilingual way. Thus, the bilingual education is crucial for students with multi-cultural background.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-85
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• 2016

When using computer-supported collaborative learning(CSCL) tool where learners with different perspective are discussing in the same place, it is difficult to catch connection between specific position of learning content and written message by learners, share each other knowledge and opinion. This study investigated the phenomena responsible for causing "Un-shared knowledge" by literature research and designed collaborative representation tool based on described principle. A version of the Mediated annotation tool was developed for each problem identified and was subsequently tested by software evaluation standard and F.G.I. Final mediated tool will contribute to overcome knowledge sharing barriers, facilitate communication among students and describe high quality solution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2021

Many studies have been conducted on developing automatic plant identification algorithms using machine learning to various plant features, such as leaves and flowers. Unlike other plant characteristics, barks show only little change regardless of the season and are maintained for a long period. Nevertheless, barks show a complex shape with a large variation depending on the environment, and there are insufficient materials that can be utilized to train algorithms. Here, in addition to the previously published bark image dataset, BarkNet v.1.0, images of barks were collected, and a dataset consisting of 53 tree species that can be easily observed in Korea was presented. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained and tested on the dataset, and the factors that interfere with the model's performance were identified. For CNN architecture, VGG-16 and 19 were utilized. As a result, VGG-16 achieved 90.41% and VGG-19 achieved 92.62% accuracy. When tested on new tree images that do not exist in the original dataset but belong to the same genus or family, it was confirmed that more than 80% of cases were successfully identified as the same genus or family. Meanwhile, it was found that the model tended to misclassify when there were distracting features in the image, including leaves, mosses, and knots. In these cases, we propose that random cropping and classification by majority votes are valid for improving possible errors in training and inferences.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.192-205
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• 2010

We have investigated the recognition for the gifted science education program of middle school students being educated at the local center for the gifted. We developed a questionnaire that includes items for contents of the program, learning environments, participation attitude, effects of the program and improvements, and consists of it5-point Likert items and related descriptive items. 161 students at the local centers for the gifted responded to the questionnaire. The total score was 3.70 on a 5-point Likert scale. The score of effects of the program was highest, learning environments was the lowest. Most of the students referred that the participation of the programs help their schoolwork because of schoolwork preparations & review, learning the process of the solving problem and principle. On the contrary, difficult contents and long lesson hours interrupted their schoolwork. Students recognized that the programs are mainly composed of students' self-activities and the role of teachers is subsidiary. The programs have a good effect on them to increase interest in science and creative thinking. It is necessary that the program be improved in lesson hours, contents of the program, school facilities, and full service.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.117-133
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• 2013

Mathematical misconception is one of the big obstacles of the underachieving students to learn mathematics correctly. This study aims to develop the instruction materials for secondary school students who are underachieving in mathematics to reduce the occurrence of the misconception and to help them to build the correct concept in the mathematical learning. Before developing the material, we tried to collect the misconception cases occurring in common mathematics lesson. This materials tries to provide key educational contents for mathematics teachers who is responsible for teaching underachieving student and help them to creative interesting ideas for lessons. The materials could be used not only as an teaching materials for underachieving students or students with the misconceptions, but also could be used as training materials for mathematics teachers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.261-268
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• 2020

Machine learning is achieved by making a cost function from a given digital signal data and optimizing the cost function. The cost function here has local minimums in the cost function depending on the amount of digital signal data and the structure of the neural network. These local minimums make a problem that prevents learning. Among the many ways of solving these methods, our proposed method is to change the learning step-size. Unlike existed methods using the learning rate (step-size) as a fixed constant, the use of multivariate function as the cost function prevent unnecessary machine learning and find the best way to the minimum value. Numerical experiments show that the results of the proposed method improve about 3%(88.8%→91.5%) performance using the proposed method rather than the existed methods.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.489-497
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• 2016

This study focused on the focus group interview based on the questionnaire. Prior to the interview, we used questionnaires from the previous researchers in order to select the questionnaires and interviews of the focus group. In order to measure the possibility, which is the expression characteristic of the safety education app, the items related to cognitive, sensual, physical, and safety behaviors were used as constituent factors. And the safety education app to analyze was selected 'Water Go GO!' App developed by the National Emergency Management Agency. The results of this study are as follows: First, the learner should help to participate in learning continuously in order to make meaningful learning activities in safety education app learning environment. Second, learners must interact with mobile devices in their apps to facilitate learning while reducing the number of factors that can interfere with learners' learning. This study is meaningful in that it can utilize this design principle as a guideline for enhancing safety behaviors.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2016

Motivation and activities for technological learning, entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity are driving forces of economic development in Asian countries. In the early stages of technological development, technological learning and entrepreneurship are efficient ways in which to catch up with advanced countries because firms can accumulate skills and knowledge quickly at relatively low risk. In the later stages of technological development, however, innovation and creativity become more important. This study aims to identify a) the factors (learning capabilities) that influence technological learning performance and b) barriers to enhancing innovation capabilities for the creative economy and organizations. The major part of this study is related to learning capabilities in the post-catch-up era. Based on a literature review and observations from Korean experiences, this study proposes a technological learning model composed of various influencing factors on technological learning. Three hypotheses are derived, and data are collected from Korean machine tool manufacturers. Intense interviews with CEOs and R&D directors are conducted using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis, such as correlation and ANOVA are then carried out. Furthermore, this study addresses how to enhance innovation capabilities to move forward. Innovation enablers and barriers are identified by case studies and policy analysis. The results of the empirical study identify several levels of firms' learning capabilities and activities such as a) stock of technology, b) potential of technical labor, c) explicit technological efforts, d) readiness to learn, e) top management support, f) a formal technological learning system, g) high learning motivation, h) appropriate technology choice, and i) specific goal setting. These learning capabilities determine firms' learning performance, especially in the early stages of development. Furthermore, it is found that the critical factors for successful technological learning vary along the stages of technology development. Throughout the statistical and policy analyses, this study confirms that technological learning can be understood as an intrinsic principle of the technology development process. Firms perform proactive and creative learning in the late stages, while reactive and imitative learning prevails in the early stages. In addition, this study identifies the driving forces or facilitating factors enhancing innovation performance in the post catch-up era. The results of the preliminary case studies and policy analysis show some facilitating factors such as a) the strategic intent of the CEO and corporate culture, b) leadership and change agents, c) design principles and routines, d) ecosystem and collaboration with partners, and e) intensive R&D investment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.26-27
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 딥러닝 영상기술을 활용해 파프리카 잎에서 나타나는 병해를 분류하는 연구를 진행하였다. 비파괴 방법으로 파프리카 잎 뒷면을 촬영하면 잎을 잡는 손이 파프리카 잎을 가리는 영역이 부분적으로 나타나고, 이는 학습을 방해하는 요소가 된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 잎의 영역을 먼저 찾고 그 외의 배경영역을 없애고, 병해를 진단할 수 있도록 모델을 설계하였다. 잎의 영역을 찾아내는 모델은 86.7%의 IoU(Intersection over Union)의 값을 얻었고, 병해를 진단하는 분류 정확도는 86.4%을 얻었다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.363-377
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• 2019

This study reveals the aspects of subjectivity in the test results in a science-specific aspect when assessing science-related affective characteristic through self-report items. The science-specific response was defined as the response that appear due to student's recognition of nature or characteristics of science when his or her concepts or perceptions about science were attempted to measure. We have searched for cases where science-specific responses especially interfere with the measurement objective or accurate self-reports. The results of the error due to the science-specific factors were derived from the quantitative data of 649 students in the 1st and 2nd grade of high school and the qualitative data of 44 students interviewed. The perspective of science and the characteristics of science that students internalize from everyday life and science learning experiences interact with the items that form the test tool. As a result, it was found that there were obstacles to accurate self-report in three aspects: characteristics of science, personal science experience, and science in tool. In terms of the characteristic of science in relation to the essential aspect of science, students respond to items regardless of the measuring constructs, because of their views and perceived characteristics of science based on subjective recognition. The personal science experience factor representing the learner side consists of student's science motivation, interaction with science experience, and perception of science and life. Finally, from the instrumental point of view, science in tool leads to terminological confusion due to the uncertainty of science concepts and results in a distance from accurate self-report eventually. Implications from the results of the study are as follows: review of inclusion of science-specific factors, precaution to clarify the concept of measurement, check of science specificity factors at the development stage, and efforts to cross the boundaries between everyday science and school science.