• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.787-796
• /
• 2012

The aim of this study is to closely examine the changes in their metabolic syndrome index and autonomic nerve systems after the 16-weeks's combined exercise program is carried out on low-level physical strength group (PAPS 4-5 level students). They were divided into two groups; exercise training group (15) and control group (15). This program consisted of five-times-a-week's warm-ups, main activities and warm-downs and it takes 50 minutes per trial. Through SPSS 19.0, all averages and standard deviations of dependent variables were calculated. We first performed Shapiro-Wilk's normality test of the variables. Before verifying the effect of combined exercise program, we tested the equality of means of the variables between combined-exercise-programmed-group and control group through a two-sample t-test and carried out a paired t-test to check if the changes in the variables of two groups before and after 16 weeks are statistically significant. Every statistical test is performed at a significance level of ${\alpha}$=.05. The results are as follows. When it came to metabolic syndrome index, there were statistically meaningful changes in waist measurement, triglyceride, glucose with empty stomach and HDL-C. Also, when it came to autonomic nerve system, there were meaningful changes in all variables. Consequently, it seems that the 16-weeks combined exercise program has positive effects on low level physical strength students.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.227-232
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to highlight nationalistic characteristics of private school's military gymnastic education in early modern Korea. so deal with the process of Military Gymnastics between 1895, when modern public school in Korea was first established, and 1910, when Korea was deprived of its sovereignty by japan. The following conclusions have been drawn from the study. The main idea of military style-gymnastics came from the consciousness of crisis caused by threat of the Japanese aggression. At that time, Korean realized the importance of physical education by this crisis consciousness. And Korean people was interested in physical education that they could not think of in traditional education. This Gymnastic class was much more like military training and has a patriotic character.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2006

목적 : 경사계와 각도기로 경추, 요추 및 견관절의 운동 범위를 반복 측정하여 두 도구의 측정자내 신뢰도 우위를 추정하여 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 각 관절에 별다른 증상이 없는 104명의 학생들을 대상으로 경추, 요추 및 견관절의 능동 운동 범위를 경사계와 각도기로 각 도구 당 2회씩 측정하였다. 측정하기 바로 전에, 한 명의 교육자가 경사계와 각도기를 이용한 경추, 요추 및 견관절의 운동 범위 측정 방법을 교육하였다. 104명은 두 명 씩 쌍을 이룬 후 각도기, 경사계, 각도기, 경사계를 이용하는 순서로 서로의 경추, 요추 및 견관절의 운동 범위를 측정하였다. 결과 : 견관절의 수평 외전과 외회전에서 경사계의 측정값이 각도기의 측정값보다 통계적으로 의미 있게 안정적으로 반복되었다(P<0.05, 독립 이 표본 t-검정). 결론 : 견관절의 운동 범위 측정에 있어서 경사계가 각도기보다 높은 측정자내 신뢰도를 가지는 것으로 추정되어, 경사계와 각도기의 신뢰도를 급간내 상관 계수(intraclass correlation coefficient)를 이용하여 비교해보는 연구의 예비 조사로서 실시된 이번 연구의 결과는 향후 시행될 연구에 있어서 견관절의 운동 범위 측정에 보다 집중적인 연구를 진행할 수 있는 근거를 마련하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.466-474
• /
• 2012

This study aims at looking into constraints of physical activity amid "after school" programs operated by an elementary school of Incheon City. For this study, 330 elementary school students of Incheon City were sampled, and tested of descriptive statistics, explanatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, One-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and confirmatory factor analysis by Raymore, Godbey, Crawford's questionnaire. First, examining difference of constraints in accordance with the demographic variables of physical activity participants. Second, analyzing probing and confirmative factors and reliance of leisure constraints for physical activity participants. Third, examining the relations of cause and effect between factors of leisure constraints of physical activity participants and participation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.7
• /
• pp.485-496
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between the appraisal type of competency and aggression in elementary school students. Appraisal type was divided into inflated/deflated ratings. Appraisal type in competencies, and sex were independent variables, and aggression was dependent variables. SPPC, TRS and AS were administered to 419 students and 20 teachers. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the correlation of child-teacher with perceived competence ratings was the highest in the scholastic competence. Second, frequency of deflated appraisal was the highest in the behavioral conduct. Third, physical aggression is differentiated by the sex. And physical aggression was high when athletic competence was deflated. Fourth, physical aggression, hostility and anger were high when physical appearance was deflated. Fifth, hostility is significantly different by the interaction effect between sex and appraisal type of behavioral conduct. The above findings imply that appraisal type in competencies does not always result in aggression and this study will provide a useful insight for aggression reduction in elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.295-305
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to present a realistic policy direction to reduce human rights violations by analyzing the mechanisms of its factors affecting the experience of human rights violations for middle and high school student athletes. The method analyzed the response data of 13,205 student athletes through a structured questionnaire using logistic regression analysis. The independent variable consisted of sexual violence, sexual shame, physical violence, verbal violence, bullying, invasion of privacy and learning rights, and unfair leaders' actions related to exercise. As a result of the analysis, first, the team atmosphere, human rights consciousness in their sports and in the sports field were found to have a significant influence on physical and language violence, bullying, privacy and infringement of learning rights. Second, for the experience of sexual violence, the team atmosphere and the level of awareness of human rights violations in the sports community had a significant effect, but the permission of violence in the sports community and human rights consciousness in their sports did not appear as meaningful variables. Third, it was found that the unfair experience related to exercise had a significant effect on the team atmosphere, the overall level of violence in the sports community, and the its awareness of human rights violations in the sports community.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.658-667
• /
• 2001

In this study, the relationships among students' cognitive/affective variables, cognitive conflict induced by anomalous data, and conceptual change were investigated. Tests regarding background knowledge, field dependence-independence, learning strategy, logical thinking ability, goal orientation, self-efficacy on prior concept and ability, and control belief were administered. Tests of prior conceptions, responses to anomalous data, conception, and retention of conception were also administered. There were no significant correlations of cognitive conflict induced by anomalous data with students' cognitive and affective variables. However, prior knowledge on molecular motion, field dependence-independence, and learning strategy were significantly correlated with students' conception and retention of conception. Logical thinking ability was also correlated with their conception. Multiple regression analysis indicated that learning strategy significantly predicted students' conception and retention of conception. For the affective variables, self-efficacy on ability was significantly correlated with students' conception and retention of conception, and goal orientation was correlated with their conception. Self-efficacy on ability was a significant predictor on students' conception and retention of conception, and goal orientation on their conception.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.165-175
• /
• 2016

Health behavior is one component of life style and is defined as behaviors performed by a person to protect, promote, or maintain the their health. General health behavior habits include not smoking, weight management, moderate drinking, regular exercise. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between toothbrushing and general health behaviors in 1,013 adults using data from the 2008 Daejeon Health Promotion Survey. Results showed no significant difference by region in general health behavior and toothbrushing. Smoking, alcohol consumption and toothbrushing frequency were related to sex, age, monthly income, occupation, and the degree of obesity. The predictoers of toothbrushing more than a day by losistic regression were female sex (vs. male, OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.20~2.95), age ${\geq}65$ years (vs. twenties, OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26~0.99), monthly income 2 miillions Korean Won (KRW) to 3 millions KRW (vs. <2 million won, OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04~2.42), white collar (vs. self-employment, OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.62~4.64), and regular exercise (vs. never, OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.21~2.11). We recommend the independent administration of oral health promotion programs focusing on aged and vulnerable social group because general health behaviors except regular exercise were not related to toothbrushing frequency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.597-606
• /
• 2016

This is descriptive research to understand the constipation rate of elementary school students due to their differences in cognition of their eating habits, hours of exercise/physical activity, stress, and school restroom environment in accordance with the matter of constipation, as well as the factors related to the constipation rate. A total of 741 students (grade3-6) from six elementary schools in Jeollanam-do were targeted; the survey was conducted from April 30th to May 12th, 2014. The frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$ test, independent t-test, and bivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. The constipation rate was 23.9%, and there were factors related to the constipation rate, such as restroom preference, matter of defecation during breaks, number of meals per day, number of breakfasts skipped, size of the meal, hours of institute class, hours of internet use, stress, and cognition of school restroom environment. In particular, students with 'high' stress had a 5.44 times higher rate of constipation than students with 'low' stress. As subjective symptoms are limited in diagnosing constipation, a detailed medical examination and physical checkup should be included in the process of understanding the constipation rate, as well as in education and management to prevent elementary school students from having constipation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 2020

Seligman argues that an optimistic athlete wins based on a study of US professional baseball and professional basketball players.(trans. Choi, 2008). So, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether optimism can predict the performance of badminton youth representatives. 60 high school students were divided into two groups according to their performance. We used the revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver and Bridges(1994) and translated into Korean version by Shin Hyun-sook(2005). For this study, the data were analyzed by frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and independent t - test. As a result, there was a statistically significant higher level of optimism in the excellent group than in the non-excellent group. So, in order to improve sports performance, we need psychological skills training that can improve optimism as well as physical training and skills training.