• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.507-511
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• 2024

Various process modifications have been used to minimize SiO₂ gate oxide aging in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). In particular, post-metallization annealing (PMA) with a deuterium ambient can effectively eliminate both bulk traps and interface traps in the gate oxide. However, even with the use of PMA, it remains difficult to prevent high levels of radiation-induced gate oxide damage such as total ionizing dose (TID) during long-term missions. In this context, additional low-temperature heat treatment (LTHT) is proposed to recover from radiation-induced damage. Positive traps in the damaged gate oxide can be neutralized using LTHT, thereby prolonging device reliability in harsh radioactive environments.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권2호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 뿌리 수술과 수목 이식 현장에서 단근 부위에 처리하는 뿌리연고에 대한 상처 반응 및 세근 발달을 3종의 수종에서 비교하였다. 2014년 5월부터 2016년 11월까지 경상북도 상주시에 식재된 소나무, 벚나무, 느티나무 성목에서 직경 2~4 cm에 해당하는 뿌리를 절단하고 상처 부위를 바셀린과 유기질 비료로 연고 처리하여 6개월이 경과한 후, 시료를 채취하여 세근 생장량을 조사하였다. 단근 후 세근 발달은 전반적으로 느티나무와 벚나무에서 우수하였지만 소나무에서는 저조하였다. 세근 생장량은 느티나무에서 단근과 유기질 비료 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 벚나무에서는 처리별로 뚜렷한 효과가 없었다. 이상의 결과는 단근과 상처 처리에 대한 세근 발달이 수종별로 상이하므로 단근 후 수종별로 처리방법의 세분화가 필요함을 시사한다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.951-956
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• 2010

This study examined the effect of copper and sulfuric acid concentrations on the surface morphology and physical properties of copper plated on a polyimide (PI) film. Electrochemical experiments with SEM and a four-point probe were performed to characterize the morphology and mechanical characteristics of copper electrodeposited in the composition of an electrolyte. The resistivity and peel strength were controlled using a range of electrolyte compositions. A lower resistivity and high flexibility were obtained when an electrolyte with 20 g/l of copper was used. However, a uniform surface was obtained when a high current density that exceeded $20mA/cm^2$ was applied, which was maintained at copper concentrations exceeding 40 g/l. Increasing sulfuric acid to >150 g/l decreased the peel strength and flexibility. The lowest resistivity and fine adhesion were detected at a $Cu^{2+}:H_2SO_4$ ratio of 50:100 g/l.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of additives on the mechanical and electrical characteristics of electrodeposited copper foils. Additives A(leveler) and B(brightener) were used in this study and Cl ions were used as an accelerator. In case of using these additives A and B, it showed a disadvantage that decreased the elongation of electrodeposited layer due to decreased grain sizes and increased tensile strength. On the other hand, the Cl ions decreased the specific resistance of the copper layer and increased elongation owing to increasing grain sizes. The highest elongation and lowest resistivity were measured in the group added only Cl ions, whose values were 21.9% and $3.11{\mu}\Omega$-cm, respectively.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2012년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.1256-1258
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 스마트 일렉트로 에코 시스템(Smart Electro-Eco System)의 일환으로 상황인지기반 가전 제품 원격 제어 및 관리 솔루션에 대해 기술한다. 본 솔루션 중 각 세대에 배치되는 홈 관리시스템은 n개의 특정기업 가전제품군과 원격 제어 애플리케이션, 홈 서버 시스템으로 구성된다. 또한 이러한 홈서버 시스템 m개로부터 데이터를 전송받아 분석 처리하는 빅데이터 서버 시스템이 있다. 홈 관리시스템에서는 가전제품에 부착된 센서의 센싱 데이터를 홈 서버 시스템으로 전송한다. 홈 서버 시스템에서는 실시간 가전제품 정보를 모니터링 및 원격 제어를 하고 설정된 상황이 인식되면 자동 제어 및 알림을 준다. 원격 제어 애플리케이션과 홈 서버 시스템의 통신으로 스마트 폰을 통해 가전제품 정보 및 원격 제어, NFC Tag를 이용한 원터치 제어를 할 수 있다. 빅데이터 서버 시스템에서는 대량의 데이터를 분석 및 통계를 내어 지역별, 시간대별 전류 소모량, 판매 실적 등을 측정하여 다음 버전에 나올 제품을 실제 데이터 통계로 인해 개선할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 기술하는 솔루션을 통하여 장소, 시간에 관계없이 홈을 스마트하게 관리할 수 있으며 가전제품 사용관련 빅데이터 처리를 통해 에너지의 효용성을 높일 수 있다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2019

Tungsten trioxide ($WO_3$) is a promising candidate as a photocatalyst because of its outstanding electrical and optical properties. In this study, we prepare $WO_3$ thin films by electrodeposition and characterize the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using these films. Depending on the voltage conditions (static and pulse), compact and porous $WO_3$ films are fabricated on a transparent ITO/glass substrate. The morphology and crystal structure of electrodeposited $WO_3$ thin films are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. An application of static voltage during electrodeposition yields a compact layer of $WO_3$, whereas a highly porous morphology with nanoflakes is produced by a pulse voltage process. Compared to the compact film, the porous $WO_3$ thin film shows better photocatalytic activities. Furthermore, a much higher reaction rate of degradation of methylene blue can be achieved after post-annealing of $WO_3$ thin films.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.549-551
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• 2016

과학기술의 발전에 따라 현대인들은 실외보다는 실내공간에 머무르는 시간이 과거에 비해 훨씬늘어 나고 있다. 최근까지도 실외 대기환경에 대해서는 매우 다양한 연구와, 개선 노력이 진행 중에 있으나 실내에서의 공기의 질 문제는 상대적으로 가볍게 여겨져 온 것이 사실이다. 실내공기의 오염은 자연적인 희석률이 큰 실외 대기환경의 오염과 달리, 희석률이 매우 낮아 한번 오염된 공기가 지속적으로 순환되면서 실내에 머무르고 있는 사람의 건강에 매우 나쁜 영향을 끼친다. 본 연구에서는 실내에서 거주하는 사람의 이동특성, 생활 형태를 반영한 능동적 실내환경 제어체계에 대한 연구를 위하여 실시간으로 측정된 공기의 질을 측정하여 사용자의 스마트기기로 정보를 전송하는 공기측정기장치 알람봇과 운영 어플리케이션을 구현 하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2021

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been drawing great attention due to their high color contrast, low power consumption, and memory effect, and can be used in smart windows, automatic dimming mirrors, and information display devices. As with other electronic devices such as LEDs (light emitting diodes), solar cells, and transistors, the mechanical flexibility of ECDs is one of the most important issue for their potential applications. In this paper, we report on flexible ECDs (f-ECDs) fabricated using an all-in-one EC gel, which is a mixture of electrolyte and EC material. The f-ECDs are compared with rigid ECDs (r-ECDs) on ITO glass substrate in terms of color contrast, coloration efficiency, and switching speed. It is confirmed that the f-ECDs embedding all-in-one gel show strong blue absorption and have competitive EC performance. Repetitive bending tests show a degradation of electrochromic performance, which must be improved using an optimized device fabrication process.

• 한국양봉학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2019

Rapid detection of Tropilaelaps, an external parasite of honeybees that lead to malformation of honeybee or colony collapse disorder, is becoming important. But it is very difficult to find with the naked eye of Tropilaelaps. In this study, we have developed a method to detect the specific gene of Tropilaelaps from the hive debris and to know the number of Tropilaelaps in the hive through Tropilaelaps-specific quantitative detection. Tropilaelaps-specific gene amplified in DNA extracted from hive debris by consecutive PCR (1st detection, 2nd nested PCR). It could detect 101 molecules level of Tropilaelaps-specific gene and confirm the amplification of the Tropilaelaps-specific gene. It was possible to accurately quantify the number of Tropilaelaps from the hive debris sample, which is difficult to discriminate the presence of Tropilaelaps visually, through Tropilaelaps-specific detection. Under the microscope, Tropilaelaps was collected and quantitative detection of Tropilaelaps-specific genes was performed. It was possible to quantify the number of Tropilaelaps present in the hive through the molecules of the quantified Tropilaelaps-specific genes. We suggest that hive debris can represent as a micro-environment to hive and show that it can be a simpler and more accurate sample than using a parasitic host honeybee. We expect that hive debris should facilitate the monitoring of Tropilaelaps in hive.

• 한국양봉학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

BQCV multi-point PCR was developed as a rapid multiplex detection method for BQCV, one of the viral pathogens of honeybees. It could detect BQCV specific genes qualitative as well as quantitative detection based on ultra-rapid PCR. Three primer pairs (RNA dependent RNA polymerase, capsid protein, 3C like protease) were specifically designed for accurate the detection and were optimized for minimizing the detection time and increasing the sensitivity. Our advanced diagnostic system have the accuracy by lowering the concern about the variation in the BQCV detection site. In addition, it should be an opportunity to identify mutations that are mixed with other viruses.