• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effects of a safety education injury prevention program in elementary school students. Methods: To develop the safety education program, Dick & Carey's teaching model and Keller's ARCS theory were applied. A safety education programs was developed for lower grade students (1st-3rd) and for higher grade students (4th-6th). To evaluate the effect of the safety education program, a pre-post test questionnaire was used with experimental and control groups. The participants were 238 (119 in the experimental group, 119 in the control group) lower (3th) grade and 296 (148 in the experimental group, 148 in the control group) higher (5th) grade elementary school students. For students in each experimental group, safety education was provided for 40 min once a week for 10 weeks. Results: There were significant differences in the level of injury prevention knowledge, attitude, and practice between the experimental group and control group in both the lower and higher grade elementary students. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that safety education is an effective nursing intervention to improve injury prevention knowledge, attitude, and practice in elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.57
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• pp.43-82
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• 2017

As material perspective that stresses absolute income has limitations in explaining socioeconomic gradients in health, research on the relationship between an individual's subjective socioeconomic status(SSS) and health has emerged in recent years. Although previous research has been conducted mostly on adults, late school-aged children, who frequently evaluate themselves using social comparisons, are likely to subjectively perceive their socioeconomic status and be affected by their perception. Accordingly, this study examined the relationship between late school-aged children's SSS and their physical health, and its underlying path based on a psychosocial perspective. For this purpose, data from the first year survey of the Seoul Education and Health Welfare Panel (2014), which consisted of responses from 394 children ($4^{th}$ graders in elementary school) and their parents, were analyzed utilizing structural equation modeling. The results showed an indirect but significant relationship between late school-aged children's SSS and their physical health, via stress, self-efficacy, and health behaviors, which are mediating variables grounded on a psychosocial perspective. No direct relationship was found between late school-aged children's SSS and physical health. Based on these findings, we suggested several implications to improving children's health, including efforts to prevent adverse effects of low SSS on physical health through psychosocial factors.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in somato-sensory and occupational performance of individually tailored sensory integration interventions for school-age children with somatodyspraxia. Methods : A single subject study with an AB design was conducted the total sessions were 11 sessions, consisting of 3 baseline sessions and 8 intervention sessions. To compare the effects before and after the intervention, the intervention was measured by dividing it into Performance Area (PA) and Performance Factor (PF), and after each intervention session, the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) was implemented. Results : The children participating in this study showed overall improvement in PA and PF after the intervention, and after each session, it was confirmed that the GAS increased when measuring the target activities (Supine Flexion Posture; SFP, Walking by Arms; WA, Stand on Balance Ball; SBB). Conclusion : This study provided evidence that sensory integration has a positive effect on performing target activities (SFP, WA, SBB) and improving relationships with peers in children with somatodyspraxia.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

This study examined the correlation between the rhythm reproduction performance and cognitive function of school-aged children. A total of 59 third grade elementary students participated in this study. An iPad-based rhythm reproduction task, the Digit Span Test (DST), the Children's Color Trails Test (CCTT), and a self-paced tapping task via a MIDI keyboard were conducted for each participant. The results demonstrated that scores at each stage of the iPad-based rhythm reproduction test showed different patterns of correlation with cognitive function test scores. This result suggests that accuracy of a simple rhythm task is correlated to speed of self-paced tapping (second). Also cognitive function may affect rhythm grouping ability. Results of this analysis for each of 20 rhythm items showed that there was a common rhythm characteristics that correlated with executive function, working memory or self-paced tapping speed. These results indicate that rhythm ability is related to, and predictive of, the level of cognitive functioning in elementary school students and can be used as an useful parameter when examining cognitive function of school-aged children in multifaceted dimensions.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.941-950
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the health-promoting lifestyle of the school-age obese children. Method: Data Collection for this study was conducted form July 20 to August 2, 2019 using a structured questionnaire. We analyzed the collected data by frequency, percentage, ANOVA, t-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: The factors affecting the health-promoting lifestyle of the subjects, multiple regression analysis results showed that Dietary Self-Efficacy(𝛽=.406, p=.001), Physical Activity Self-Efficacy(𝛽=.245, p=.038), Furthermore, the F statistics for the fitness of the estimated regression model were 6.34(p<.001), which was significant. The explanatory power was 24.2%. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Dietary Self-Efficacy and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy of the school-age obese children was the most influential factor on health-promoting lifestyle. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that it is necessary to find ways to improve Dietary Self-Efficacy and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy in order to improve health-promoting lifestyle of nurses, and it is considered to be useful as basic data for developing intervention programs to improve health-promoting lifestyle.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2016

Objective : This study aimed to provide the preliminary data as a pilot study on standardizing BOT-2 by using an assessment criteria linked to Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) short form for the children with preschool years(4-6 year old) in South Korea. Methods : A total of 81 children aged 4-6 in Busan and Gimhae were participated in this study. They were evaluated by using BOT-2 SF. It provides the average values and standard deviations about the abilities of praxis along with descriptive statistical analyses, and has the verification of gender differences by using independent t-test and using ANOVA for discrepancies in the abilities of praxis. Results : There were significance difference in the total raw score between four and five (p=.000), the items on fine motor accuracy between five and six year olds (p=.014). Girls showed higher scores than boys in fine motor accuracy, fine motor integration and balance (p=.022, p=.006, p=.031). Also, mean raw scores of 4 and 5 year olds (p=.007, =.000), and the all age group's standard scores were higher than the age in American children who were the participants of BOT-2. Conclusion : This study suggested the average of each item with regard to the ability of motor praxis about the children of preschool ages and showed the dissimilarity in the ability of motor praxis between age and gender, also between the participants in this study and American children who were participants of BOT-2. The research could provide basic data for future studies to standardize BOT-2 SF for korean preschoolers.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2004

Objectives：This study was performed to introduce a psychoeducational family therapy model for the families of schizophrenic patient and to investigate the effect of this model on the changes in coping style and depressive symptoms of the family members, and in perception of emotional support by families and depressive symptoms of patients. Methods：Nine preschool children, 3-5 years old, experiencing physical injuries caused by attack from a psychotic patient at kindergarten, were evaluated for psychological assessments；Intelligence test, MSSB(MacArthur Story-Stem Battery), H-T-P test(House-Tree-Person test). And their parents completed rating scale, KPI-C(Korean Personality Inventory for Children about children’s psychological conditions). Results：With respects to the contents and emotional reactions of MSSB, 9 preschool children showed generally high levels of anxiety, depression, avoidance, aggression, probably related to the traumatic experiences. Even though children couldn't verbally report directly about their traumatic experiences, in both MSSB, structured play narrative assessment tool, and HPT, free drawing and association test, they demonstrated psychiatric problems through reenactment plays, regardless of clinical diagnoses. Conclusion：Present study allowed us the chance to see beyond the outer pathological behaviors of PTSD in preschool children, through deeper evaluations of their mental representation. These preliminary data suggest deep understanding of internal representation would be of help for thorough evaluations and treatment plan for preschool children, experiencing severe trauma.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.133-147
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• 2001

This study examined whether the ego-identities of institutionalized children and adolescents differ by grade, gender, reason for and length of residence, age at entering the institution, parents' visiting, relationship with parents before entering the institution, and caretakers' emotional support. We assumed that the ego-identities of institutionalized children had an effect on social interactions. The subjects were 121 5th and 6th graders, 135 middle, and 85 high school students who were institutionalized in Seoul. As predicted, the ego-identities of institutionalized children and adolescents differed by grade, and by such social interactions as parents' visiting, relationship with parents before entering the institution, and caretakers' emotional support. Results support the importance of social interactions for understanding the ego-identities of institutionalized children and adolescents.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.514-522
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors of child behavioral problems and construct a descriptive model that explains child behavioral problems for school age children. Method: The participants in the study were 586 4th, 5th, 6th graders and their mothers. The children attended 8 elementary schools located in Taejon city and their mothers. The tools used in this study was the Mother's Child Raising Behavior Scale by Park, Seong-Yeon and Yi, Sook(1990). To measure child's self esteem, the Self Esteem Scale by Kim(1987) was used; child perceived social support was measured with the Social Support Evaluation Scale by Dubow and Ullman(1989), and childhood behavioral problems were measured with the Korean standardized of version of the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL)(1997). Descriptive statistics and linear structural relationship(LISREL) modeling were used to analyze the data. SAS and LISREL 8.12a programs were used. Results: The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was good $>X^2=103.07(p=0.00)$, GFI=0.96, AGFI=0.94, RMSR=0.04, RMSEA=0.07, NFI=0.94, NNFI=0.95< Maternal child raising behaviors(T=2.21) and child perceived social support(T=10.29) had a significant, direct effect on a child's self esteem. Maternal child raising behaviors(T=-3.87), and child self esteem(T=-2.04) and had a significant total effect on child behavioral problems. These variables accounted for 63% of the variance of the child behavioral problems in the school age children. Conclusion: These finding have provided support for maternal child raising behaviors, child perceived social support, and child self esteem as predictive variables of behavioral problems in school age children.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2004