• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 2021

Understanding the migration patterns and habitats of juvenile birds during the post-fledging stage is very important for conservation and management of individuals. The Chinese Egret is an internationally protected species. During the wintering season, they inhabit South-East Asia, such as the Philippines, Malaysia, and Taiwan, and breed in China, Russia, and uninhabited islands on the west coast of Korea. IIn this study, we attached a GPS telemetry tracking device to six juvenile Chinese Egrets breeding on Chilsan Archipelago in 2018 and 2019 to identify habitats by analyzing the home range during the post-fledging stage in the summer season. The individual CE1801 moved north and then returned to the Yeonggwang Baeksu tidal flat area, and CE1802 and CE1803 migrated north and inhabited Taean-gun. In 2019, CE1901 showed a similar pattern to CE1801, and CE1902 migrated southward to the Wando-gun area, while CE1903 moved south to the Sinan-gun area then returned to the Yeonggwang Baeksu tidal flat area, showing KDE 50%. The study results confirmed that the Chinese Egret moved broadly around the flat tidal area on the west coast to find a stable habitat during the post-fledging stage. Efforts to protect the habitat, such as limiting the development of this area and restricting human access, are necessary.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.328-334
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• 2021

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of fog cooling during daytime and heatpump cooling at night in greenhouses in summer. During daytime, the average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had shading screen were 32.1℃ and 59.4%. and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had fog cooling were 30.0℃ and 74.3%. At this time, the average outside temp. and RH were 31.4℃ and 57.7%. So, the temp. of the control was 0.7℃ higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.4℃ lower than outside and 2.1℃ lower than control. The average RH was 74.3% in the test and 59.4% in control. The average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had natural ventilation at night were 25.2℃ and 85.1%, and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had heat pump cooling were 23.4℃, 82.4%. The average outside temp. and RH at night were 24.4℃ and 88.2%. The temp. of the control was 0.8℃ higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.0℃ lower than outside and 1.8℃ lower than control. The average RH was 82.4% in test and 85.1% in control greenhouse. There was no significant difference between the plants growth eight weeks after planting. But after the cooling treatment, the values of stem diameter, plant height, chlorophyll in test were higher than control. The total yield was 81.3kg in test, 73.8kg in control, so yield of test was 10.2% higher than control. As a result of economic analysis, 142,166 won in profits occurred in control greenhouse, but 28,727 won in losses occurred in test greenhouse, indicating that cooling treatment was less economical.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

The researches on the environmental friendly buildings have carried out on the materials, environmental property, technical elements and etc., and various buildings with these green materials have built and under construction nowadays and became a new trend of the green building. And recently, new building technique which builds the wall with the soil and wood and very easy to construct (called M Earthen House) was introduced as the green building and rapidly propagated. But the research on the indoor climatic characteristics, the ability to control the environmental comfort and the influence to the human beings of these buildings are not sufficiently identified yet. In this paper, the indoor environmental characteristics and the temperature controlling ability of these buildings in summer season were measured and analysed by the Portable Indoor Air Quality Monitor(BABUC/A, LSI) measuring equipments, ana the subjective test on the thermal environment of the subjects were carried out to evaluate the thermal comfort. The results can be summarized as follows; 1) Compared to the outdoor dry bulb temp.($15.4{\sim}28.7^{\circ}C$), the indoor temp. was $19.5{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$. It showed the temperature controlling ability of the M earthen house was outstanding. And the indoor relative humidity, compared to the outdoor($45.4{\sim}100%$), was $58.1{\sim}76.4%$, it showed the humidity controlling ability of the M earthen house was also outstanding. 2) The thermal environment was evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly warm) and the humidity was also evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly humid). So, the results of the physical and subjective evaluation on the indoor thermal comfort in summer season were 'neutral' and 'comfort' coincidently, it was confirmed that the controlling ability of the indoor temperature and humidity of the M earthen house was very excellent.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.43 no.9
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• pp.122-125
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• 2011

최근 4~5년 전부터 우리나라의 하절기 온도상황 및 호우 경향이 많이 달라지고 있다. 평년에 비해 6월 경 혹서기가 시작 되는가 하면, 지역별로 차이는 있으나 장마는 짧게 지나가고, 국지성 집중 호우 이후 혹서기가 반복되는 상황이다. 당연히 케이지 사육이 주로 이루어지는 산란계에 있어서는 습한 환경에 고온이 더해져 그 스트레스가 더욱 가중되어졌을 것으로 보인다. 이러한 부분은 섭취량 저하 및 생산성 저하로 연계되고, 질병 또한 평년에 비해 많이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 금번 환절기의 산란계는 혹서기로 인한 체력 저하 및 환경 적응력이 미진한 상황에서 일교차 증가와 온도 저하, 일조시간 변화 및 호르몬의 변화 등 다양한 스트레스에 직면하게 될 것으로 생각된다. 무엇보다 가을 환절기는 극심한 온도의 일교차 변화와 함께 시설과 농장환경에 따라 차이가 있겠지만 환기 부분에 있어서 기본적인 문제가 발생하게 되며, 특히 환기 부분은 겨울철로 향해 갈수록 관리가 어려워질 수밖에 없는 시점이다. 이러한 환경 변화에 따라 사료 섭취량 및 체내 영양소 균형과 대사과정에도 변화가 연계되면서 생산성의 저하, 면역력의 약화 및 활력의 저하가 동반되며 호흡기 및 다양한 질병(IB, ND, AI 등)이 발생될 가능성이 높아지게 된다. 따라서 이러한 상황에서 관리해야 할 몇 가지 주요 포인트를 점검해 보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.93-96
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• 1995

비가림 시설은 대표적인 간이시설로써 시공이 간편하며 강우차단 효과에 의한 생산성 향상이 기대되는 등 경제성 높기 때문에 하절기 재배에 많이 이용된다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 비가림 시설(관행형태 및 재량형태)의 형태별 효율성 평가를 위하여 적정 외부 풍속 및 일사량 조건에 대하여 각 시설의 환기율 및 실내온도 등을 포함한 환경해석을 실시하였다. 또한 시설내의 공간을 재배중인 작물의 형태에 따라 몇 개의 공간으로 구분하여 시설내의 환기저항을 고려한 시설의 환기량 및 실내온도 예측이 가능한 모델을 사용함으로써 보다 정확한 비가림 시설의 효율성 검토를 목적으로 하였다. (중략)

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2000

최근 국민소득수준의 향상을 따라 여름철 전력 수요가 폭증하므로 전력안정 공급을 위한 특별 대책이 필요한 실정이고 환경적인 측면이나 수용가 입장에서 만족스러운 새로운 냉·난방, 전기 공급시스템의 개발·적용이 필요하다. 선진국의 경우, 소규모의 집단에너지 공급이 주류를 이루고 있으며 특히 소규모 열병합 발전시 생산되는 전기, 지역난방열 이외에 냉방에 필요한 냉수를 중앙열원에서 동빌딩을 중심으로하는 구역형 집단에너지 시스템(Community Energy Supply System)등 소규모지역 난냉방 공급방식이 활성화되어 있으므로, 우리나라에서도 냉방/난방/전기부하 패턴 및 하절기 피크부하 경감에 대한 기여도 등을 고려한 경제성있는 최적시스템 구성이 가능한지 검토할 필요가 있다. 소규모 집단에너지사업은 대규모 사업과는 달리 적정 수요예측이 가능하므로 효율적인 초기 투자가 이루어질 수 있으며, 상업용 및 사업용 빌딩 등을 중심으로 부하밀도가 높은 구역을 대상으로 하명서 해당 부하패턴에 적합한 효율적인 시스템의 구성을 통해 수익성이 확보된다면 국가 에너지절약 및 한전의 여름철 전력 피크부하 경감, 대기 환경공해 감소, 도심 도시미관 향상 등의 사업효과가 기대된다. 본문에서는 이러한 소규모 집단에너지시스템 개요 및 국내외 공급 현황, 국내 적용환경, 적용 가능에너지 검토 열원시스템의 기본방향 등에 대하여 언급하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.1 s.93
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• pp.9-19
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• 2001

contrasting monsoon between 1993 and 1994 produced an interannual difference in hydrology. Theoretical water residence time (TWRT) in monsoon 1993 averaged 27 d, which was>3 months shorter compared to the TWRT in monsoon 1994. A dominant physical process influencing thermal stratification, water movement, and mixing regime was an interflow current in 1993. During summer 1993, river water plunged to mid-lake (location 27 km) and passed through the 10${\sim}$20m stratum of the reservoir, resulting in an isolation of epilimnetic lake water from advected river water. The interflow disrupted thermal stratification and produced a meta-hypolimnetic warming of >4$^{\circ}C$ downlake, thereby increased a mixing depth (>13 m). In contrast, during monsoon 1994 density currents were not observed and strong thermal stratification occurred in the entire reservoir, resulting in > 2 fold greater thermal resistance (8.2${\times}10^{5}$ erg)compared to 1993 (4.0${\times}10^{5}$ erg). This reservoir was identified as a typical warm monomictic reservoir which showed one mixis during early winter. The timing of overturn, however, differed between the two years as a result of distinct contrast in TWRT and thermal regime; overturn in 1993 occured about one month earlier relative to that in 1994. Hypolimnetic warming was predictable in this system; the variation in discharge accounted (Y = 4.35-0.06X+0.10X$^{2}$, p<0.0001)for 98% of the interannual variation in hypolimnetic temperature. Overall data suggest that thermal stability, the timing of fall overturn, and water residence time in this system are primarily regulated by the intensity of monsoon.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

This study was performed to find an efficient method to overcome extremely high temperature in greenhouses during summer season. The actual utilization of greenhouses during hot summer season showed that about 21.6％ of the investigated greenhouse farms were in fallow state, and most of greenhouse farms were cultivated under the very inferior environment. Thermal environment of greenhouses according to the evaporative cooling method and several assistant cooling methods such as ventilation, shading screen, roof sprinkling were examined. As the each assistant cooling method was used, about 74.8％, 25.9％, and 58.2％ of temperatures measured at intervals of ten minutes between ten and seventeen o'clock were above 35$^{\circ}C$. When shading screen and evaporative cooling system were operated, most greenhouse air temperatures were maintained below 35$^{\circ}C$, and showed a drop of 3.8~4.2$^{\circ}C$ as compared with naturally ventilated greenhouse.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.16-27
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• 2019

Using virtual reality technology, users can learn and experience many interactions in virtual space like the actual physical space. This study was conducted to develop air flow simulator that allows farmers and consultants to consult air flow through VR devices by creating a greenhouse or pigpen model. It can help educate farmers about the importance of ventilation effects for agricultural facilities. We proposed CFD visualization system by building a virtual reality environment and constructing database of CFD and structure of agricultural facilities. After consultants can set up situations according to environmental conditions, the users experience the visualized air flow of agricultural facility according to the ventilation effects. Also it can provide a quantified environmental distribution in the agricultural facility. Currently, the CFD data in agricultural facilities are established during winter and summer. In order to experience various environmental conditions in the developed system, The experts need to run CFD data under various environmental conditions and register them in the system requirements.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2010

This study was performed to provide useful information for kentucky bluegrass management during summer by application of plant growth regulator, Trinexapac-ethyl. Visual quality, shoot density and chlorophyll contents of treatment blocks were significantly different from those of control during summer by application of Trinexapac-ethyl. The turfgrass density of treatment was increased of 4ea/$10\;cm^2$, especially about 5ea/$10\;cm^2$ during the growth retarded period of June and July. Chlorophyll contents index and visual quality of kentucky bluegrass were improved by application of Trinexapac-ethyl during summer, too. In addition, the occurrence of foliage in rainy and high temperature season was less than that of control. However, there was no significant difference in the root length of Kentucky Bluegrass. Meanwhiles, mowing height of kentucky Bluegrass was suppressed by 38% at 2 WAT week after treatment and that there was no significant growth of treatment at 4 WAT. In this experiment, turfgrass quality was significantly better than that of control during July, even though trinexapac-ethyl wasn't applied at all in July. Consequently, periodic treatment of trinexapac- ethyl from spring would be very important to promote the turfgrass visual quality during summer which is unfavorable season on the growth of kentucky bluegrass. And it is possible to reduce mowing times at least 30% for 2 weeks by one application of Trinexapac-ethyl 0.02~0.03 ml/$m^2$ in kentucky bluegrass fairway. Additively, trinexapac- ethyl treatment can be helpful environmentally by cutting down the fertilizers and pesticides in golf course.