• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.77-83
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• 1999

With a surge of interest in OCR in 1990s a large number of handwriting or h handprinting databases have been built one after another around the world. One problem that researches encounter today is that all the databases differ in various ways including the script qualities. This paper proposes a method for measuring handwriting qualities that can be used for comparison of databases and objective test for character recognizers. The key idea i involved is classifying character samples into a number of groups each characterizing a set of qualities. In order to evaluate the proposed method we carried out experiments on KU-1 database. The result we achieve is meaningful and the method is helpful for the target tasks.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.416-428
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• 2014

This study aimed to identify middle school students' perceptions and practices of handwriting, and factors affecting their attitudes towards handwriting. Data were collected by means of a survey targeting 346 students enrolled in 9 middle schools(Male=172, Female=172, Unknown=2, M=13.5 years old, SD= .94). Interviews, too, were conducted with 12 students in order to identify the students' perceptions of handwriting. The analyses of both survey and interview data revealed the following: (1) the majority of the interviewee students believed that handwriting is useful for memory and summarization so as to get a better school grade, including performance evaluations; (2) Many of the interviewee students were unsatisfied with their handwriting skills, giving higher scores to their peers' handwriting; (3) 45.7% of the students reported that mother was the one who taught them how to write for the first time; and 49.7% of them had no learning experience of taking notes; (4) Girls than boys and 1st graders than 2 or 3 graders showed more positive attitude towards handwriting; and (5) A multiple regression analysis showed that all the variables entered in the regression model, including sex, grade, affective attitude toward hands-on activities, physical abilities, time spent using a computer, and perceptions of Korean characters, had significant impacts on the students' attitudes towards handwriting.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.485-487
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 온라인 필기체 수식 인식을 위한 순차적인 구조 분석 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 캐블릿상에서 필기된 수식에 대한 심볼 인식 결과와 각 심볼의 Bounding Box이 좌표를 입력받아서 필기 순서를 기반으로 순차적으로 수식의 구조를 해석한다. 그래프 내의 이웃하는 두 노드 사이의 관계를 결정하기 위해서 심볼의 사용에 관한 표기 정보와 6단계 관계 결정 규칙을 사용하여 노드들 사이에 생성될 수 있는 에지의 수를 최소화하고 BackTracking을 피했다. 제안 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 100개의 테스트 샘플에 대해 구조 분석 실험을 수행하였다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.121-128
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• 2004

This paper proposes a quality evaluation system of a handwriting string written by electronic pen. For the purpose of the system, this paper describes how to retrieve reference data from a database, how to evaluate the quality of a handwiting string using global and local features. Also, it explains how to optionally recognize a grade of a handwriting string at using global and how to diagnose stroke order at using local. The quality can be evaluated in the case of different language between reference and input by the system. Therefore, we expect that the system is very useful not only for training on handwriting but also for learning a language.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.482-483
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• 2018

명료하게 글씨를 쓰는 능력은 글을 통한 의사소통에 필수적이다. 한글쓰기의 기존 평가들은 수기에 의한 채점 방식이기 때문에 시간이 오래 걸리고 주관적인 가능성이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 성인의 오프라인 필기체 문자를 영상처리를 통해 글자의 크기와 비율, 위치를 데이터화하고 정량화하여 보다 객관적이고 정확하게 쓰기 수행을 평가하고 기준을 확립하고자 하였다. 필기체 문자 영상처리 분석 결과, 높이가 폭에 비해 약 1.2배 크며 글자가 왼쪽 아래로 치우치는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구는 향후 한글의 필기 특징에 대한 기초자료가 될 것이라 사료된다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.12D no.1 s.97
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• pp.159-164
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• 2005

In a computing environment connected pan-based computers and a server by Internet, This paper describes a language learning system evaluating the quality of a handwriting string. For the purpose of the system, this paper explains how to retrieve reference data from a database, how to evaluate the quality of a handwriting string using global and local features. The Proposed system can evaluate the qualify of a handwriting string as well as a handwriting character. The qualify can be computed in the case of different language between reference and input. Therefore, we expect that the system is very useful not only for training on handwriting but also learning a language.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.222-227
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• 2022

In this paper, we implemented a Korean text generation and classification model based on a deep learning algorithm that can be applied to various industries. It consists of two implemented GAN-based Korean handwriting generation models and CNN-based Korean handwriting classification models. The GAN model consists of a generator model for generating fake Korean handwriting data and a discriminator model for discriminating fake handwritten data. In the case of the CNN model, the model was trained using the 'PHD08' dataset, and the learning result was 92.45. It was confirmed that Korean handwriting was classified with % accuracy. As a result of evaluating the performance of the classification model by integrating the Korean cursive data generated through the implemented GAN model and the training dataset of the existing CNN model, it was confirmed that the classification performance was 96.86%, which was superior to the existing classification performance.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.567-575
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• 1992

한글 문자인식 시스템을 개발하기 앞서 생각해야 할 것이 인식실험에 사용될 문자 데이타를 수집하는 것이다. 이 논문에서는 연구 개발자들에게 문자인식 실험에 필요한 충분한 데이타를 제공하며 필기체 문자 데이타를 표준화하여 문자인식 시스템 상호간의 성능을 객관적으로 평가하기 위하여 한글 필기체 문자 데이터베이스 PE92를 개발하였다. 여기서는 PE92 데이타베이스의 소개로서 먼저 PE92를 수집하는데 있어 고려사항들, 즉 필기자, 수집문자의 수, 수집용지의 규격, 데이타베이스의 저장, 데이타의 압축에 대하여 알아본다. 다음 PE92 데이타베이스의 규격을 알아본다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.575-584
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• 2002

On-line handwritten character recognition be achieved successful results since effectively neural networks divided the letter which is the time ordering of strokes and stroke position. But off-line handwritten character recognition is in difficulty of incomplete preprocessing because has not information of motion or time and has frequently overlap of the letter and many noise occurrence. consequently off-line handwritten character recognition needs study of various methods. This paper apply watershed algorithm to preprocessing for off-line handwritten hangul character recognition. This paper presents effective method in four steps in watershed algorithm as consider execution time of watershed algorithm and quality of result image. As apply watershed algorithm with effective structure to preprocessing, can get to the good result of image enhancement and binarization. In this experiment, this paper is estimate the previous method with this paper method for execution time and quality in image. Average execution time on the previous method is 2.16 second and Average execution time on this paper method is 1.72 second. While this paper method is remove noise effectively with overlap stroke, the previous method does not seem to be remove noise effectively with overlap stroke.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.385-389
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of notes as learning activities on Blended-Learning of undergraduate students. For the research, students taking 'Chinese' in D university were participated, 65 students in spring semester and 255 students in fall semester in 2007. Blended-Learning have made progress to the students and a test of notes have taken two times. This study has employed the cases of 213 employees for the final analysis, while adopting correlation and regression to analyze the data for the research goal. In conclusion, notes as learning activities on Blended-Learning has positive correlations and no little effects on the academic achievements of undergraduate students. That is in Blended-Learning and e-learning, learning activities excluding tests and papers are related to academic achievement passively and affect it. Notes which is a evaluation of a progress of learning affecting academic achievements, means providing more practice and self-reflection opportunities in e-learning course through designing many different learning activities.